論合同的默示條款
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-15 15:51
【摘要】：合同默示條款是對合同不完全性的補(bǔ)充與完善。在商品經(jīng)濟(jì)活動日益豐富復(fù)雜的發(fā)展背景下,明確規(guī)定的合同條款難以充分的規(guī)制合同雙方主體的權(quán)利與義務(wù)關(guān)系。為了能有一種更加公平正義的方式來界定交易主體的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系,合同默示條款便適時的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展。 在英美法體系下,古典的契約法奉行的是合同自由和意思自治原則。隨著社會和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,合同適用的領(lǐng)域越來越廣泛,在這樣的背景下,需要更公平正義的制度來解決各種日新月異的糾紛,合同默示條款由此而產(chǎn)生。英美法上對合同默示條款有著明確的解釋,結(jié)合我國學(xué)理上學(xué)者的解釋,合同默示條款是為了解決當(dāng)事人的糾紛,根據(jù)一定的規(guī)則,在合同履行過程中,推定合同交易主體沒有寫入合同的潛在意思所形成的合同條款。從不同的角度,合同默示條款可以分為不同的類型,法定默示條款、事實上的默示條款和習(xí)慣上的默示條款,這三類是英美法上典型的類別；而我國對合同默示條款的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不統(tǒng)一,類型多而亂。要將合同默示條款的精神更好的貫徹到我國合同法制度中,最先要做的是對合同默示條款做出適合我國現(xiàn)狀的分類。對合同默示條款進(jìn)行研究,其目的是為了運用合同默示條款解決合同糾紛,那么需要確定添加合同默示條款的規(guī)則。英美法中兩大經(jīng)典規(guī)則就是“商業(yè)效益規(guī)則”和“多事旁觀者規(guī)則”,同時,法律經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)上的默認(rèn)規(guī)則從也從經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和公平正義兩方面來論證了引入合同該條款需要滿足的條件。在我國的合同法領(lǐng)域中,法律裁定者在解決合同糾紛時,而對合同的不完全性,運用的是法律推定理論和合同解釋來確定合同雙方的權(quán)利義務(wù)。合同默示條款與這兩種制度本質(zhì)上是不同的,這便有明確合同默示條款類型、探究添加默示條款的規(guī)則的必要。 我國合同法體系中不乏對合同默示條款實質(zhì)上的應(yīng)用,借鑒合同法默示條款在理論上和實踐中都能使合同制度更加的完善。
[Abstract]:Contract implied clause is the complement and perfection of contract incompleteness. In the context of the increasingly rich and complex commodity economic activities, it is difficult to regulate the relationship between the rights and obligations of the parties to the contract. In order to have a more fair and just way to define the relationship between the rights and obligations of the transaction subject, the contract implied clause timely emerged and developed. In Anglo-American law system, the classical contract law adheres to the principles of freedom of contract and autonomy of will. With the development of society and economy, the field of contract application is more and more extensive. Under this background, more fair and just system is needed to solve all kinds of disputes with each passing day, and contract implied clauses come into being. There is a clear interpretation of contract implied clauses in Anglo-American law. Combined with the explanations of scholars in our country, contract implied clauses are intended to resolve disputes between the parties. According to certain rules, in the process of contract performance, The contract clause formed by the presumption that the subject of the contract transaction is not written into the underlying meaning of the contract. From different angles, contract implied clauses can be divided into different types, statutory implied clauses, de facto implied clauses and customary implied clauses, which are typical categories of Anglo-American law; But our country to contract implied clause classification standard is not unified, the type is many but disorderly. In order to better carry out the spirit of contract implied clause in the contract law system of our country, the first thing to do is to classify the contract implied clause in accordance with the present situation of our country. The purpose of the study of contract implied clause is to use contract implied clause to solve contract dispute, so it is necessary to determine the rule of adding contract implied clause. The two classic rules in Anglo-American law are the "rules of commercial efficiency" and the "rules of bystander". At the same time, The default rules in law and economics also demonstrate the conditions to be satisfied by introducing the contract from the aspects of economic efficiency and fairness and justice. In the field of contract law in our country, when the legal adjudicator solves the contract dispute, the incomplete nature of the contract is determined by the theory of presumption of law and the interpretation of the contract to determine the rights and obligations of both parties to the contract. Contract implied clause is different from these two systems in essence, so it is necessary to make clear the type of contract implied clause and explore the rule of adding implied clause. There is no shortage of the application of contract implied clause in the contract law system of our country. Drawing lessons from contract law implied clause can make the contract system more perfect in theory and practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.6
本文編號：2380911
[Abstract]:Contract implied clause is the complement and perfection of contract incompleteness. In the context of the increasingly rich and complex commodity economic activities, it is difficult to regulate the relationship between the rights and obligations of the parties to the contract. In order to have a more fair and just way to define the relationship between the rights and obligations of the transaction subject, the contract implied clause timely emerged and developed. In Anglo-American law system, the classical contract law adheres to the principles of freedom of contract and autonomy of will. With the development of society and economy, the field of contract application is more and more extensive. Under this background, more fair and just system is needed to solve all kinds of disputes with each passing day, and contract implied clauses come into being. There is a clear interpretation of contract implied clauses in Anglo-American law. Combined with the explanations of scholars in our country, contract implied clauses are intended to resolve disputes between the parties. According to certain rules, in the process of contract performance, The contract clause formed by the presumption that the subject of the contract transaction is not written into the underlying meaning of the contract. From different angles, contract implied clauses can be divided into different types, statutory implied clauses, de facto implied clauses and customary implied clauses, which are typical categories of Anglo-American law; But our country to contract implied clause classification standard is not unified, the type is many but disorderly. In order to better carry out the spirit of contract implied clause in the contract law system of our country, the first thing to do is to classify the contract implied clause in accordance with the present situation of our country. The purpose of the study of contract implied clause is to use contract implied clause to solve contract dispute, so it is necessary to determine the rule of adding contract implied clause. The two classic rules in Anglo-American law are the "rules of commercial efficiency" and the "rules of bystander". At the same time, The default rules in law and economics also demonstrate the conditions to be satisfied by introducing the contract from the aspects of economic efficiency and fairness and justice. In the field of contract law in our country, when the legal adjudicator solves the contract dispute, the incomplete nature of the contract is determined by the theory of presumption of law and the interpretation of the contract to determine the rights and obligations of both parties to the contract. Contract implied clause is different from these two systems in essence, so it is necessary to make clear the type of contract implied clause and explore the rule of adding implied clause. There is no shortage of the application of contract implied clause in the contract law system of our country. Drawing lessons from contract law implied clause can make the contract system more perfect in theory and practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.6
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