【摘要】：邏輯學(xué)以推理為研究中心,法律邏輯關(guān)注的核心問(wèn)題也是法律推理。我們通常使用推理這個(gè)概念,包含著某命題被接受為真,即事先接受了作為前提的命題為真,由于規(guī)范本身既不是真的,也不是假的,因而在規(guī)范這一術(shù)語(yǔ)的意義上談不上根據(jù)某些規(guī)范推導(dǎo)出另一些規(guī)范。以規(guī)范為前提建立的邏輯系統(tǒng)沒(méi)有建立像形式邏輯命題理論那樣普遍公認(rèn)的的系統(tǒng),存在的問(wèn)題爭(zhēng)論很大并且極其復(fù)雜。 英國(guó)語(yǔ)言哲學(xué)家?jiàn)W斯汀(J. Austin)開(kāi)“言語(yǔ)行為理論”之先河,提出并詳細(xì)、明確地研究言語(yǔ)行為理論,此后他的學(xué)生美國(guó)著名語(yǔ)言分析哲學(xué)家約翰·塞爾(John Searle)修正并發(fā)展了這一理論,使它進(jìn)一步獲得廣泛而又重要的影響力。塞爾繼承、修正和發(fā)展了奧斯汀理論,建立了更加完善、系統(tǒng)化的言語(yǔ)行為理論。本文從言語(yǔ)行為理論的視角出發(fā),分析以言行事行為之間推理的可能性,并對(duì)法律推理的大前提、小前提以及結(jié)論的邏輯性質(zhì)進(jìn)行言語(yǔ)行為理論分析,以全新的理解方式對(duì)法律推理進(jìn)行解構(gòu),算是對(duì)規(guī)范推理的一種語(yǔ)用學(xué)意義上的解讀。本文主要從以下幾個(gè)部分展開(kāi)討論: 第一部分:言語(yǔ)行為理論概述 本部分首先簡(jiǎn)單地介紹言語(yǔ)行為理論產(chǎn)生的歷史淵源、哲學(xué)理論背景以及奧斯汀提出言語(yǔ)行為理論的目的和意義,之后通過(guò)對(duì)比系統(tǒng)地闡述塞爾言語(yǔ)行為理論的內(nèi)容和分類(lèi),主要詳述以言行事行為及其分類(lèi)。 第二部分:形式法律推理的傳統(tǒng)邏輯構(gòu)造 本部分首先通過(guò)分析法律推理的傳統(tǒng)涵義以及分類(lèi),對(duì)形式法律推理進(jìn)行重新界定,把形式法律推理定義為法律推理的邏輯形式,之后對(duì)命題理論下的形式法律推理的模式——規(guī)范推理中的法律規(guī)范性質(zhì)以及規(guī)范推導(dǎo)的幾種形式進(jìn)行分析,并指出其中的不足。 第三部分:言語(yǔ)行為理論視野下形式法律推理的邏輯重構(gòu) 本部分結(jié)合塞爾言語(yǔ)行為理論,尤其是以言行事行為,對(duì)法律推理進(jìn)行分析,首先分析以言行事行為之間進(jìn)行邏輯形式推理的可能性,并確定此類(lèi)推理的一些規(guī)則,然后在言語(yǔ)行為理論的視角下對(duì)法律推理進(jìn)行剖析,揭示法律推理的大前提、小前提以及結(jié)論的語(yǔ)用學(xué)性質(zhì),并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出形式法律推理的模式。 第四部分:結(jié)語(yǔ) 本部分根據(jù)法律推理的研究現(xiàn)狀,提出在言語(yǔ)行為理論視野下重構(gòu)法律推理的意義。
[Abstract]:Logic takes reasoning as the research center, and the core problem of legal logic is legal reasoning. We usually use the concept of reasoning, in which a proposition is accepted as true, that is, a proposition that is accepted as truth in advance, because the norm itself is neither true nor false. Thus, in the sense of the term norm, it is not possible to deduce some norms according to others. The logical system established on the premise of norm does not have a universally accepted system like the formal logic propositional theory, and the existing problems are very controversial and extremely complex. Austen (J. Austin), an English language philosopher, pioneered the theory of speech act, and put forward and studied the theory of speech act in detail. Since then, John (John Searle), a famous American philosopher of language analysis, has revised and developed this theory, making it gain extensive and important influence. Searle inherits, modifies and develops Austin's theory and establishes a more perfect and systematic speech act theory. From the perspective of speech act theory, this paper analyzes the possibility of reasoning between words and deeds, and makes a theoretical analysis of the major premise, small premise and logical nature of the conclusion of legal reasoning. To deconstruct legal reasoning in a new way of understanding is a pragmatic interpretation of normative reasoning. This paper mainly discusses the following parts: the first part: an overview of speech act theory. This part first briefly introduces the historical origin of speech act theory. The background of philosophy and the purpose and significance of speech act theory put forward by Austin. Then, the content and classification of Searle's speech act theory are expounded systematically by contrast, mainly by words and deeds and their classification. The second part: the traditional logic structure of formal legal reasoning. This part firstly redefines formal legal reasoning by analyzing the traditional meaning and classification of legal reasoning. This paper defines formal legal reasoning as the logical form of legal reasoning, and then analyzes the mode of formal legal reasoning based on propositional theory, the nature of legal norms in normative reasoning and several forms of normative derivation, and points out its shortcomings. The third part: the logical reconstruction of formal legal reasoning from the perspective of speech act theory. This paper first analyzes the possibility of logical reasoning between words and deeds, and determines some rules of such reasoning, then analyzes the legal reasoning from the perspective of speech act theory to reveal the premise of legal reasoning. On the basis of the pragmatic nature of the small premises and the conclusion, the model of formal legal reasoning is put forward. Part four: the conclusion part puts forward the significance of reconstruction of legal reasoning in the view of speech act theory according to the present situation of legal reasoning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D90-051

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 梁婷婷;言語(yǔ)行為理論的法律實(shí)踐價(jià)值初探[D];吉林大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：2393247