【摘要】：所謂犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度,又稱犯罪被害人國家救濟(jì)制度,指國家對(duì)一定范圍內(nèi)因受犯罪侵害而遭受損害的且又無法通過刑事附帶民事訴訟獲得損害賠償?shù)谋缓θ思捌浼覍?通過法律程序給予一定的物質(zhì)彌補(bǔ)的制度。對(duì)因遭受犯罪侵害而又由于種種原因不能從加害人那里得到適當(dāng)?shù)膿p害賠償?shù)谋缓θ?由國家給予一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)上的補(bǔ)償,使犯罪被害人的利益在一定程度上得以恢復(fù),體現(xiàn)了國家對(duì)犯罪被害人權(quán)利保障的重視。這種使刑、民事法律在整體理念上趨向吻合,不僅在訴訟權(quán)利上而且在經(jīng)濟(jì)利益上,更徹底地對(duì)犯罪被害人的權(quán)利予以國家救濟(jì),已成為當(dāng)今世界刑事法制發(fā)展的潮流和趨勢(shì)。 韓國的被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度建立時(shí)間雖然比歐美主要國家晚一些,但是充分借鑒了歐美立法,并結(jié)合了本國實(shí)際,尤其是對(duì)犯罪被害人的救助工作已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了法制化,建立了較為完善的國家補(bǔ)償制度。中國目前尚未在全國范圍內(nèi)建立起統(tǒng)一的犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度,但已有不少地區(qū)開始嘗試各種形式的被害人補(bǔ)償救助途徑。本文主要比較分析中國和韓國的犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度的開展?fàn)顩r、機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置、資金來源、補(bǔ)償對(duì)象以及補(bǔ)償幅度,努力尋求提出啟示點(diǎn),以此對(duì)進(jìn)一步完善和構(gòu)建兩國犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度,具有相互理解和借鑒的意義。本文由三章構(gòu)成。第一章,犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度概述。從犯罪被害人的概念入手,描述了國際法上犯罪被害人的人權(quán)保護(hù)、犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度的意義和歷史沿革,同時(shí)分析了犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度的各種學(xué)說。第二章,中韓犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度比較分析。通過對(duì)中韓現(xiàn)有犯罪被害人補(bǔ)償制度的比較和分析,對(duì)中國犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度的構(gòu)建提出相關(guān)建議。第三章,韓國犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度的完善及其對(duì)中國的啟示。針對(duì)韓國犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度中存在的問題進(jìn)行分析,以期為在中國建立犯罪被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度提供參考。
[Abstract]:The so-called national compensation system for victims of crime, also known as the national relief system for victims of crime, A system in which the state gives a certain amount of material compensation to the victims and their families who have been harmed by the crime within a certain range and who are unable to obtain compensation for the damage through the criminal incidental civil proceedings. For victims who have suffered from crime and have been unable to obtain appropriate compensation for damages from perpetrators for various reasons, the state shall provide certain economic compensation, so that the interests of the victims of crime can be restored to a certain extent. It reflects the importance that the state attaches to the protection of the rights of the victims of crime. This kind of criminal punishment, civil law in the overall concept tends to coincide, not only in the litigation rights but also in the economic interests, more thoroughly to the rights of victims of crime to the state relief, has become the current and trend of the development of the criminal legal system in the world. Although the national compensation system for victims in South Korea was established later than the major countries in Europe and the United States, it has fully drawn lessons from European and American legislation and combined with the reality of its own country, especially the relief work for victims of crime has been legalized. A more perfect state compensation system has been established. At present, China has not established a unified national compensation system for victims of crime, but many regions have begun to try various ways of compensation and relief for victims. This article mainly compares and analyzes the development situation, the institution establishment, the fund source, the compensation object and the compensation range of the national compensation system of the crime victim in China and Korea, and tries to find out the enlightenment point. Therefore, it is of mutual understanding and significance to further improve and construct the national compensation system for crime victims in the two countries. This paper consists of three chapters. The first chapter is an overview of the state compensation system for victims of crime. Starting with the concept of crime victims, this paper describes the human rights protection of crime victims in international law, the significance and historical evolution of national compensation system for crime victims, and analyzes various theories of national compensation system for crime victims. The second chapter, China and South Korea crime victims of national compensation system comparative analysis. Based on the comparison and analysis of the existing compensation system for victims of crime in China and South Korea, the author puts forward some suggestions on the construction of national compensation system for victims of crime in China. The third chapter, the perfection of the national compensation system of Korean crime victims and its enlightenment to China. This paper analyzes the problems existing in the national compensation system for the victims of crime in Korea in order to provide reference for the establishment of the national compensation system for the victims of crime in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2;D931.26

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊珊;刑事被害人國家補(bǔ)償制度基本原則研究[D];山東大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：2271507