【摘要】：攙扶摔倒在地的老人是中華民族的美德，但是，這一天經(jīng)地義的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)似乎正受到前所未有的威脅。從南京彭宇案、天津許云鶴案等案件的發(fā)生，我們可以找到其中的原因。這些案件都是在馬路上與老人接觸后引發(fā)的人身損害索賠事件，由此引發(fā)的社會影響非常之深遠(yuǎn)，已經(jīng)使得許多民眾看到摔倒在地的老人而不敢攙扶，不僅對現(xiàn)代中國國人道德倫理，甚至對祖國下一代教育都有著深刻的沖擊。 本文通過以許云鶴案為主的案例分析的形式，首先簡要闡述案情，使讀者對這類案件有個大致了解。其次，從法律角度對以下方面展開分析：第一，侵權(quán)法中的因果關(guān)系判斷。通過介紹大陸法與英美法中的因果關(guān)系相關(guān)理論，分析目前我國因果關(guān)系的研究現(xiàn)狀，來論證本系列案件中的因果關(guān)系；第二，交通事故的責(zé)任劃分。根據(jù)《道路交通安全法》第76條的變化，來分析有關(guān)案件的責(zé)任劃分；第三，證據(jù)不足的情況下，誠信原則的堅持與各方利益的平衡，以及對公平原則在侵權(quán)法中的使用問題，其適用的范圍、條件等，不能在無法認(rèn)定時都用公平原則，這實質(zhì)上形成了新的不公平，是公平原則的濫用。最后，是筆者對以上法理分析中提到的爭議點的總結(jié)和建議，同時也會對其中某些未結(jié)案件的未來展望和大膽猜測。 筆者認(rèn)為許云鶴案還是很有研究價值的。從實踐價值講，可以更好的檢驗法官的自由裁量水平，有助于提升當(dāng)今我國司法落后的現(xiàn)狀；另一方面，從理論上講，，有關(guān)案件當(dāng)中的事故責(zé)任認(rèn)定和最終民事賠償都有很大爭議，通過程序上的公正執(zhí)行和國內(nèi)學(xué)理上的普遍觀點，是可以邏輯判斷出來的。而且，此類案件已經(jīng)引發(fā)了國內(nèi)有關(guān)道德與法律相關(guān)問題的質(zhì)疑，究竟是遵從程序還是考慮情理，在沒有證據(jù)的前提下，誠信原則如何體現(xiàn)，都是值得探討的問題。
[Abstract]:Helping the fallen elderly is a virtue of the Chinese nation, but this well-established tradition seems to be under unprecedented threat. From the Nanjing Pengyu case, Tianjin Xu Yunhe case and other cases, we can find the reasons. These cases are all related to claims for personal injury caused by contact with the elderly on the road. The social impact caused by these cases is so far-reaching that many people have seen the elderly who fell to the ground without being able to help them. It has a profound impact not only on the moral ethics of modern Chinese, but also on the education of the next generation of the motherland. Through the case analysis of Xu Yunhe case, this paper first briefly expounds the case, so that the reader can have a general understanding of this kind of case. Secondly, the following aspects are analyzed from the angle of law: first, causality judgment in tort law. By introducing the relevant theories of causality in continental law and Anglo-American law, this paper analyzes the present situation of causality in China, and proves the causality in this series of cases. Secondly, the division of liability in traffic accidents. According to the changes in Article 76 of the Law on Road Traffic Safety, this paper analyzes the division of responsibilities in the relevant cases; third, in the case of insufficient evidence, the balance between the principle of good faith and the interests of all parties, and the use of the principle of fairness in tort law, The scope and conditions of its application can not be determined by the principle of fairness, which in essence forms a new unfair, which is the abuse of the principle of fairness. Finally, the author summarizes and suggests the controversial points mentioned in the above legal theory analysis, and at the same time, it also makes some future prospects and bold guesses about some of the outstanding cases. The author thinks Xu Yunhe case still has the research value very much. In terms of practical value, it can better test the level of discretion of judges and help to improve the current situation of judicial backwardness in our country; on the other hand, theoretically speaking, The identification of accident liability and the final civil compensation in the relevant cases are very controversial. It can be judged logically through the fair execution of procedure and the general viewpoint of domestic theory. Moreover, this kind of case has already caused the question about the morals and the law related question in the domestic, whether obeys the procedure or considers the reason, in the absence of evidence, how to embody the principle of good faith is worth discussing.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D922.1;D648;D920.5

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