本文選題：《申報》 + 西方法文化��； 參考：《湘潭大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：近代中國,西方法文化的主要傳播者有傳教士、西方商人、洋幕賓和洋雇員、留學生、國外歸來的游歷者等。西方法文化的主要傳播途徑有譯書、創(chuàng)辦近代報刊等。在西方法文化的眾多傳播途徑中,近代報刊影響面最廣、效果最好。因此,研究近代報刊傳播西方法文化是全面考察中國法制現(xiàn)代化進程必不可少的組成部分�？疾旖鷪罂�,就必須考察近代上海報刊,因為上海一直是近代中國公認的新聞中心。考察近代上海報刊,就必須考察《申報》,因為《申報》是近代上海乃至近代中國最具代表性的民辦商業(yè)報紙�！渡陥蟆吠ㄟ^在“社論”、“新聞”等部分發(fā)表大量的關(guān)于法制方面的評論、報道文章,集中向國人介紹英美法系的法律制度,傳播了大量的西方近代資產(chǎn)階級的法律理念、原則。同時通過連載大量的典型案例,生動形象地傳播了西方資產(chǎn)階級的法律文化。重要的是,《申報》密切關(guān)注社會局勢,以評論重大社會事件為契機,以西方法文化為參照,激烈地揭露、抨擊中國落后、黑暗的傳統(tǒng)法制,為西方法律制度大規(guī)模的傳入近代中國提供了前提。 早期《申報》對于西方法文化的傳播,具有較強的時代性和變革性。它所傳播的近代西方資產(chǎn)階級的法律理念和原則,如三權(quán)分立、法律面前人人平等、無罪推定、律師辯護、公開審判、反對超期羈押等等,使更多的國人認識到了中國傳統(tǒng)法制的黑暗與落后,更認識到了晚清法制變革的必要性、緊迫性,明確了法制變革的目標方向,為推進中國法制的近代化聚集了力量,推動了中國的法制現(xiàn)代化進程。大眾傳媒在社會轉(zhuǎn)型時期所發(fā)揮的巨大重要作用可見一斑。此外,《申報》以西方法文化為武器,積極評論中國的法制案件,使得案件迅速引起社會輿論的強烈關(guān)注,起到了監(jiān)督司法公正的重要作用,也避免了冤假錯案的大量發(fā)生。也應(yīng)指出的是,早期《申報》對于西方法文化的傳播具有明顯的實用主義傾向,傳播、介紹的往往不夠深入、詳細,在認識上還常常出現(xiàn)“西學中源”的錯誤看法。然而,我們也不應(yīng)對其求全責備,早期《申報》在市場上的初步興盛,說明其這一做法適應(yīng)了當時讀者的需求,有助于國人接受、理解西方法文化。準確全面地認識《申報》所傳播的西方法律文化,將有助于我們更好地把握報刊這一大眾傳播媒介在近代中國社會轉(zhuǎn)型與文化變遷之互動過程中所擔當?shù)慕巧捌錃v史意義。
[Abstract]:In modern China, the main disseminators of western law culture include missionaries, Western businessmen, foreign staff, foreign employees, foreign students and foreign visitors. The main channels of communication of western law culture are translation books, and modern newspapers and periodicals. In the many ways of western law culture, modern newspapers and periodicals have the most extensive influence and the best effect. Therefore, the research results are best. Therefore, research on the best effect. The dissemination of western law culture in modern newspapers and periodicals is an integral part of the comprehensive investigation of the process of modernization of Chinese legal system. To investigate modern newspapers and periodicals, it is necessary to inspect modern Shanghai newspapers and periodicals, because Shanghai has always been recognized as the news center in modern China. To inspect modern Shanghai newspapers and periodicals, it is necessary to examine the "Declaration >" because < declaration > is the modern Shanghai and even close to the near future. On behalf of the most representative private commercial newspapers in China, the declaration has published a large number of comments on the legal system in the "editorials", "news" and other parts, reporting articles, concentrating on the legal system of Anglo American legal system, spreading a large number of modern western bourgeois legal ideas, principles, and by carrying a large number of codes. The case, vividly and vividly disseminate the legal culture of the western bourgeoisie. It is important that the "Declaration >" pay close attention to the social situation, to comment on the important social events as a turning point and take the western law culture as the reference, to expose and criticizing the backward and dark traditional legal system of China, and to provide the western legal system to modern China in a large scale before it is introduced into the modern China. Mention.
Early < declaration > for the spread of western law culture has a strong epochal and transformative nature. The legal ideas and principles of modern western bourgeoisie, such as the separation of the three powers, equality before the law, the presumption of innocence before the law, the defense of the lawyer, the open trial, the overdue detention and so on, have made more and more people aware of the traditional Chinese legal system. The darkness and backwardness also recognize the necessity and urgency of the reform of the legal system in the late Qing Dynasty. It has clearly defined the direction of the reform of the legal system, gathered the strength for the modernization of the Chinese legal system and promoted the process of the modernization of China's legal system. Culture as a weapon, actively commenting on legal cases in China, caused the case to arouse the strong attention of the public opinion, played an important role in supervising judicial justice, and avoided a large number of false cases. It should also be pointed out that the early "Declaration >" for the spread of western law culture has obvious pragmatism tendency, spread and mediate. Shao is often not enough in depth. In detail, there are often misconceptions of "the source of Western learning" in cognition. However, we should not seek to be full of blame. Early "Declaration >" in the market is initially prosperous, which shows that this method adapted to the needs of the readers at that time, and helps the people to accept, understand the western law culture. The western legal culture of the newspaper will help us to better grasp the role and historical significance of the mass media in the process of the interaction between the social transformation and cultural changes in modern China.
【學位授予單位】：湘潭大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D909.1;G219.29

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