發(fā)布時間：2018-06-16 04:25

  本文選題：階級 + 階層　； 參考：《吉林大學》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：階級分析方法是我們所熟悉的一種認識方法和研究工具,這一方法被廣泛使用于包括法學在內的人文社會科學的諸多領域。運用這一方法將對社會現(xiàn)象的觀察與思考與人的群體性存在方式——階級的存在聯(lián)系起來,以階級存在的內在動因——階級利益和外在表征——階級行動為研究路徑對社會現(xiàn)象加以闡釋,以階級存在的多維性對社會生活和社會現(xiàn)象的豐富性、多樣性加以解析。但是,階級利益的沖突性和階級行動的斗爭性使階級存在的空間范圍被限制在經濟領域,使階級關系的呈現(xiàn)被局限于階級斗爭的維度之中,由此,階級分析方法蛻變成研究階級斗爭的方法。而這種認識誤區(qū)反映在當代中國法學研究中,直接導致階級分析方法的教條化、標簽化和政治意識形態(tài)化,并據(jù)此形成了法學研究中的“階級斗爭范式”。而這種研究和認識的直接結果使階級分析方法在建國初期的法學研究中只局限于簡單的對階級對抗和階級斗爭的分析,只局限于單一的政治意識形態(tài)分析和純粹的“政治理想”分析。這種分析視角和研究路徑不僅使法學研究嚴重脫離社會生活實踐而成為政治的附庸和依從,也使該方法對社會階級本身存在的多維性、豐富性的研究和認知被極大遮蔽,從而逐漸喪失其解釋力乃至生命力。改革開放以來,社會生活的巨大變化為中國法學的觀念更新、價值轉換和制度再造提供了機遇和挑戰(zhàn),而法學階級分析方法也應順應時代變革的呼聲和法學發(fā)展的要求,由簡單的“階級”對抗和階級斗爭轉向復雜的“階層”差異與合作的分析,由單一的“政治意識形態(tài)”分析轉向綜合的“社會”分析,由純粹的“理想”分析轉向現(xiàn)實的“利益”分析,由片面的“權力”分析轉向包含權力在內的全面的“權利”分析并與其他方法的緊密結合。而經歷了上述視角轉換和主題變奏的階級分析方法在法學研究的具體適用中還必須注重法學研究對象的現(xiàn)實復雜性、注重階級分析中定性分析和定量分析的結合,注重階級分析中描述方法與比較方法的結合并同時保持階級分析方法的開放性。只有如此,階級分析方法在法學場域中才能重新煥發(fā)其解釋力、說服力和生命力。本文正式基于這樣的思考,以“當代中國法學研究中的階級分析方法”為題,通過對新中國成立以來當代中國法學研究在運用階級方法時所呈現(xiàn)處的基本狀態(tài)、基本特點、理論優(yōu)劣的全面把握,從而形成對該方法的學術史的檢視、學術史的反思和學術史的前瞻。 本文共分為五章。 在第一章“階級與階級分析方法”中,本章綜合運用歷史考察的方法和文獻梳理的方法綜合利用多種理論資源多維度、多視角的解釋“階級”概念,明確個體所屬的“階級”在現(xiàn)實層面上不僅由經濟地位所決定,而且在基礎上還衍生出相應的心理意識、倫理觀念、社會地位、政治主張等多個方面,因此,階級存在于社會空間的多重領域中。通過對“階級”概念的多方位解析,進一步明確“階級分析方法”的科學涵義。 在第二章“社會科學研究中的階級分析方法”中,本章確立了“社會科學研究離不開階級分析方法”和“階級分析方法對社會科學研究的助益”兩個基本公理,通過充分詳實的論證確立了階級分析方法對社會科學研究的價值和意義。 在第三章“當代中國法學研究中階級分析方法的學術史檢視”中,本章對自20世紀初期發(fā)展至今當代中國法學研究中階級分析方法進行歷史梳理,梳理的同時采用比較的方法,根據(jù)歷史發(fā)展的不同時期將整個學術史劃分為三個階段并描述不同階段的基本特征,從而力求全面對階級分析方法的應用的歷史脈絡進行清晰的描述,而重點則關注于新中國法學這60年發(fā)展歷程中的階級分析,并深入總結六十年的法學研究中階級分析方法的使用過程如何被逐漸教條化、標簽化和政治意識形態(tài)化,并形成了法學研究中的“階級斗爭范式”。 在第四章“法學階級分析方法的現(xiàn)實主題轉向”中,本章中運用描述的方法和比較的方法對六十年中國法學研究中階級分析方法在宏觀應用中所出現(xiàn)的轉變利用相對應的范疇將這種變化描述出來,從而既將階級分析方法的歷史發(fā)展過程展現(xiàn)出來,同時又暗示了階級分析方法的未來走向。 在第五章“法學階級分析方法的科學應用”中,本章在上面幾章的基礎上,將重點放在階級分析方法的具體使用步驟和使用方法上,使法學階級分析方法對法律現(xiàn)象的觀察和認識要注意多個方面、多重因素,而力求擺脫這一方法的僵化和教條化,從而正確發(fā)揮這一方法對法及法律的科學認識。
[Abstract]:The method of class analysis is a familiar way of understanding and research tools that we are familiar with. This method is widely used in many fields of Humanities and Social Sciences, including law. The use of this method will link the observation and thinking of social phenomena to the existence of a group of human beings - the existence of a class. The motivation - class interests and external representations - class action is interpreted as the research path, and the diversity of social life and social phenomena is analyzed with the multidimensional nature of class existence. However, the conflict of class interests and the fighting nature of class action restrict the space scope of class existence. In the field of Franciscan, the presentation of class relations was confined to the dimension of class struggle, thus the method of class analysis transformed into a method of studying class struggle. This misunderstanding was reflected in the study of contemporary Chinese jurisprudence, which directly led to the dogmatism of class analysis methods, labelling and political ideologies, and thus formed a legal research. The direct result of this kind of research and understanding makes the method of class analysis limited to a simple analysis of class confrontation and class struggle in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China. It is limited to a single political ideology analysis and a pure "political ideal" analysis. The path not only makes the legal research seriously divorced from the social life practice but also becomes the political appendage and compliance, but also makes the method multidimensional to the social class itself, the rich research and cognition is greatly obscured, and thus gradually loses its explanatory power and even vitality. Since the reform and opening up, the great change of social life is Chinese law The renewal of ideas, the transformation of value and the reengineering of the system provide opportunities and challenges, and the method of legal class analysis should also conform to the voice of the times and the requirements of the development of law. The analysis of the complex "class" differences and cooperation should be turned from the simple "class" confrontation and class struggle to the complex "stratum", and the analysis of the single "political ideology" is turned to a comprehensive analysis. The analysis of "society", from a purely "ideal" analysis to the "interest" analysis of reality, has shifted from a one-sided "power" analysis to a comprehensive "right" analysis including power and a close combination with other methods. In the application, we must pay more attention to the practical complexity of the object of law research, pay attention to the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis in class analysis, pay attention to the combination of the description method and the comparative method in class analysis and keep the openness of the class analysis method at the same time. Only in this way can the class analysis method be re interpreted in the jurisprudential field. On the basis of this kind of thinking, this article is based on the "class analysis method in the contemporary Chinese law research", and through the comprehensive grasp of the basic state, the basic characteristics and the theory and the pros and cons of the contemporary Chinese law research in the application of class method since the founding of new China, thus forms the method. The review of academic history, the reflection of academic history and the foresight of academic history.
This article is divided into five chapters.
In the first chapter, "the method of class and class analysis", this chapter comprehensively uses the methods of historical investigation and the method of literature to make a comprehensive use of multiple theoretical resources to explain the concept of "class" in multiple perspectives. It is clear that the "class" belonging to the individual is determined not only by economic status but also on the basis of its economic status. There are many aspects of psychological consciousness, ethics, social status, political opinion and so on. Therefore, class exists in the multiple fields of social space. By analyzing the concept of "class" in many directions, the scientific meaning of "class analysis method" is further clarified.
In the second chapter "in the social scientific research method of class analysis", this chapter established the "social science research cannot do without the class analysis of two basic axiomatic method" and "class analysis methods on social science research benefit", by fully detailed argument establishes the value and significance of class analysis method of Social Science study.
In the third chapter, "the study of the academic history of the method of class analysis in Contemporary Chinese jurisprudence", this chapter deals with the history of class analysis in the study of contemporary Chinese jurisprudence since the early twentieth Century, and combs the method of comparison, and divides the whole academic history into three stages according to the different period of historical development. The basic characteristics of different stages are described, so as to make a clear description of the historical context of the application of class analysis methods, while the emphasis is on the class analysis in the course of the 60 year development of new China law, and a thorough summary of how the process of the use of class analysis methods in the sixty years of legal research has been gradually dogmatism. Sign and political ideology, and formed a "class struggle paradigm" in legal research.
In the fourth chapter, "the realistic theme of the method of law class analysis", this chapter uses the method of description and the method of comparison to describe the change of the class analysis method in the macro application of the sixty year Chinese law study in the macro application, so that the historical development of the class analysis method is not only developed. The process reveals and suggests the future trend of class analysis.
In the fifth chapter, "the scientific application of the method of law class analysis", on the basis of the above chapters, this chapter focuses on the concrete steps and methods of use of the method of class analysis, so that the law class analysis method should pay attention to many aspects and multiple factors on the observation and understanding of the legal phenomenon, and strive to get rid of the rigidity of this method. And dogmatism, so that this method can correctly play a scientific understanding of law and law.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D90

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 王一;企業(yè)會所建筑設計研究[D];南京大學;2013年

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本文編號：2025297