本文選題：明清　切入點：細故　出處：《歷史研究》2014年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：明代中期里老人理訟制崩解后,呈控州縣的細故案件激增。為適應此變化,清代州縣細故審理逐漸形成和解優(yōu)先的做法,州縣官通常促使或命令當事人尋求調解,由此形成多元的結案形式,批詞和判詞外,息呈、銷呈、保狀、甘結等均是重要的結案形式。批、判詞重給"說法",也即辨明是非,與和解并不矛盾。細故審理受傳統(tǒng)契約的約束力影響,大多數(shù)產(chǎn)權歸屬和交易類案件,可以轉換為契約真實性和合法性的審查工作,結論具有可預測性。但因無確定規(guī)則可資援引,存在同類案件在不同地方裁判不一致的現(xiàn)象。身份及與身份相關的財產(chǎn)類案件,因有律例可以參照,裁判通常具有一致性。但并無必須援引律例的限制,對于參照律例不合適的,州縣官會結合情理下判。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, after the old people's litigation system collapsed, the number of detailed cases in the state and county control increased sharply. In order to adapt to this change, in order to adapt to this change, the state magistrate usually urged or ordered the party concerned to seek mediation, in order to adapt to this change and gradually form the practice of giving priority to reconciliation. As a result, there are many forms of closing the case, with the exception of criticism and judgment, information presentation, sale, protection, and so on, all of which are important forms of closure. Batch and judgment are given to "statement" again, that is to say, to distinguish right and wrong. There is no contradiction with settlement. Due to the binding force of traditional contracts, the majority of property ownership and transaction cases can be translated into a review of the authenticity and legality of contracts. The conclusion is predictable. However, because there are no definite rules to be invoked, there is inconsistent adjudication of similar cases in different places. Identity and identity-related property cases can be referred to because there are laws and regulations. Referees are usually consistent. However, there is no need to invoke the limitations of the statutes, and for those not appropriate to refer to them, the state and county officials will rule in conjunction with reason.
【作者單位】： 華中科技大學法學院;
【基金】：國家社科基金重點資助項目(項目號12AFX004)的研究成果之一
【分類號】：D929;K248
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本文編號：1621084