本文選題：期待利益規(guī)則　切入點：不法獲益賠償責任　出處：《中國政法大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)的美國合同法并沒有承認也并沒有在其判例法中體現(xiàn)違約方返還因違約所獲利益可以作為合同救濟的一種方式。即將出臺《返還法》(第三次)重述中開創(chuàng)性的規(guī)定在機會違約的情況下,原告可以通過這種救濟方式要求違約方返還其能夠認識到的因違約所獲得的利益。重述這一規(guī)定是對2001年英國上議院對Attorney v. Blake一案判決的認可,也是對近些年美國合同法判例中涌現(xiàn)的給予這種新型的合同救濟方式以司法上支持的承認,更大程度上意欲打破《合同法》第二次重述中確立的合同法所應保護的三重利益的格局,即期待利益、信賴利益和返還利益。返還所得利益這種責任形式出現(xiàn)在合同法領域的相關判決之前,廣泛的存在于信托法、侵權法和知識產權法中,因此可以認為這種新型的救濟方式的理論源頭是侵權行為法或者其他法律中的不法獲益賠償責任,它與實際履行、禁令同樣屬于衡平法救濟方式之一,英文表達方式是“disgorgement damages”,即要求被告返還因侵犯原告合法利益所得的利益,主要目的則是彌補一般損害賠償無法為當事人提供足夠充分救濟的缺陷抑或當事人的損害無法現(xiàn)實計算時根據(jù)被告所獲非法利益大小對當事人進行賠償,我國新近出臺的《侵權責任法》第二十條也有相似規(guī)定。但是這種新型的救濟方式在合同法中的應用在英美法系國家并沒有得到一種顯著的地位,本文意欲將這種救濟方式的歷史發(fā)展做一梳理,進而對隨之的各種觀點予以分析與評價,并提出自己的見解。在綜合分析英美法系這種新型責任形式的理論基礎、歸責原則、構成和免責事由的基礎上,對我國合同法違約賠償責任體系進行評價并提出相關的完善建議。
[Abstract]:The traditional American contract law does not recognize and does not reflect in its case law that the breaching party's return of the benefits derived from the breach of contract can be used as a way to remedy the contract. In the event of an opportunity to default, In this way, the plaintiff may demand that the defaulting party return the benefits it can recognize as a result of the breach. Restating this provision is a confirmation of the British House of Lords decision of 2001 in the Attorney v. Blake case. It is also a recognition of the judicial support for this new form of contractual relief that has emerged in recent years in American contract law cases. To a greater extent, it is intended to break the pattern of triple interests, which should be protected by the contract law established in the second restatement of the contract Law, that is, expected interest. Before the relevant judgment in the field of contract law, this form of liability exists widely in trust law, tort law and intellectual property law. Therefore, it can be considered that the theoretical source of this new form of relief is the liability for unlawful benefit in tort law or other laws, which, together with actual performance, the prohibition belongs to one of the equitable remedies. The English expression is "disgorgement damages", in which the defendant is required to return the benefit derived from the infringement of the plaintiff's legitimate interests. The main purpose is to make up for the deficiency that general damages do not provide adequate relief to the parties, or to compensate the parties on the basis of the extent of the illegal benefits received by the accused when their damage cannot be realistically calculated, There are similar provisions in Article 20th of the Tort liability Law, but the application of this new relief method in the contract law has not gained a significant status in the countries of Anglo-American legal system. This paper intends to sort out the historical development of this kind of relief, and then to analyze and evaluate the various viewpoints that follow, and to put forward its own opinions. In the comprehensive analysis of the theoretical basis of the new type of responsibility in the common law system, the principle of imputation, On the basis of constitution and exoneration, this paper evaluates the system of liability for breach of contract in contract law of our country and puts forward some relevant suggestions.
【學位授予單位】：中國政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D956.1;D971.2;D923.6

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本文編號：1620634