本文關(guān)鍵詞： 民國(guó) 醫(yī)事法 醫(yī)事訴訟　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在民國(guó)初期，隨著近代法治系統(tǒng)在口岸城市的建立與完善，因西醫(yī)治療而引發(fā)的醫(yī)事糾紛在近代法治系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行審判，形成了民國(guó)時(shí)期頗具特色的醫(yī)事訴訟解決機(jī)制。這一機(jī)制雖然于1949年后在大陸地區(qū)中斷，但在臺(tái)灣地區(qū)繼續(xù)實(shí)施。1979年后，大陸地區(qū)建立市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，法治系統(tǒng)得以恢復(fù)，醫(yī)療市場(chǎng)化迅疾發(fā)展。從九十年代中期開(kāi)始，因醫(yī)療沖突所引發(fā)的醫(yī)訟熱潮漫卷全國(guó)�；厮莸矫駠�(guó)時(shí)期，歷史與今天有著很大的相似性。本文的寫(xiě)作目是梳理民國(guó)醫(yī)事立法與司法的進(jìn)程，探討其在制度上和司法實(shí)踐上的創(chuàng)建，期待為今天醫(yī)事糾紛的解決尋求制度性的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。本文共五章�，F(xiàn)分章摘要如下： 第一章導(dǎo)言，從歷史與哲學(xué)的角度闡述了西醫(yī)產(chǎn)生醫(yī)事糾紛的根本原因。西醫(yī)是規(guī)�；�、流水線式的治療模式，醫(yī)生把病人視為“物質(zhì)體”而非“生命體”，病人失去了人性關(guān)懷，醫(yī)生與病人之間的關(guān)系走向市場(chǎng)化，醫(yī)療倫理逐漸陷落，醫(yī)患之間相互猜忌，醫(yī)療沖突走向激化。醫(yī)患糾紛產(chǎn)生的模型是：技術(shù)進(jìn)步——技術(shù)壓迫（技術(shù)規(guī)制）——群體間反抗（糾紛產(chǎn)生）。解決醫(yī)患糾紛，需要人們建立對(duì)誠(chéng)信和法律的信仰，把這種信仰固化為一種道德。民國(guó)時(shí)期的醫(yī)事案件正處在中國(guó)法治大轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期，中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的立法與司法模式在清末民初發(fā)生了急劇的變化，民國(guó)醫(yī)事案件主要發(fā)生在醫(yī)療技術(shù)相對(duì)成熟、司法審判相對(duì)現(xiàn)代化的口岸地區(qū)。 第二章民國(guó)醫(yī)事法的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展，主要探討民國(guó)醫(yī)事立法和醫(yī)事司法產(chǎn)生的背景。本章首先界定醫(yī)事法律的基本概念，說(shuō)明醫(yī)事法律的調(diào)整對(duì)象、醫(yī)事法律的特征，繼而探討了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)的醫(yī)事立法，主要包括醫(yī)事行政立法、皇家醫(yī)事立法、民間醫(yī)事立法；探討了中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)社會(huì)的醫(yī)事糾紛與解決機(jī)制，包括和解、調(diào)解、訴訟。本章重點(diǎn)探討了民國(guó)醫(yī)事法律產(chǎn)生的歷史背景，近代化城市的出現(xiàn)、西醫(yī)的傳入、民國(guó)近代法治的建立是民國(guó)醫(yī)事法產(chǎn)生的前提條件。醫(yī)事糾紛的出現(xiàn)離不開(kāi)醫(yī)患雙方的主觀認(rèn)識(shí)，醫(yī)患對(duì)于醫(yī)療模式的認(rèn)知偏差和對(duì)于疾病與治療的認(rèn)知偏差是醫(yī)事糾紛出現(xiàn)的誘因。 第三章民國(guó)醫(yī)事立法研究。本章介紹了民國(guó)醫(yī)事立法的指導(dǎo)思想、立法機(jī)構(gòu)、立法程序，介紹了民國(guó)醫(yī)事立法的內(nèi)容，，通過(guò)對(duì)《醫(yī)師條列》與《中醫(yī)條例》的立法過(guò)程的研究，探討社會(huì)各個(gè)利益團(tuán)體在立法中的博弈。其次，本章對(duì)民國(guó)醫(yī)事立法的內(nèi)容作了較為詳細(xì)的介紹，包括醫(yī)療主體、醫(yī)療市場(chǎng)、醫(yī)療環(huán)境、醫(yī)療行為、醫(yī)療內(nèi)容等多方面的立法。 第四章民國(guó)醫(yī)事訴訟研究。本章考察了民國(guó)司法審判的基本特征、民國(guó)醫(yī)事訴訟與普通訴訟的區(qū)別、民國(guó)醫(yī)事案件審判的一般流程及其審判特色；研究了醫(yī)事鑒定的探索性過(guò)程，考察了醫(yī)事鑒定一般做法、醫(yī)事鑒定主體的選擇、醫(yī)事鑒定回避、醫(yī)事鑒定證明力等。其后，本章探討了醫(yī)訟主體在訴訟中的行為，包括法官與檢察官的訴訟行為、醫(yī)生和病人的訴訟行為、社會(huì)團(tuán)體的訴訟行為，深入挖掘醫(yī)事訴訟主體角色的社會(huì)性特征。 第五章余論。對(duì)民國(guó)醫(yī)事法律和今天大陸地區(qū)的醫(yī)事法進(jìn)行比較，尋找出二者的歷史淵源，探討民國(guó)醫(yī)事立法和醫(yī)事司法對(duì)今天的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:In the early Republic of China, with the development of modern legal system established in the port city and the consummation, caused by western medicine medical dispute trial in modern legal system, the formation of the period of the Republic of China special medical litigation mechanism. This mechanism in 1949 in the mainland after the interruption, but continue to implement.1979 in Taiwan area the establishment of the market economy, the mainland legal system resumed, of fast development of medical market. From the middle of 90s, caused by medical conflicts in the country. The upsurge of medical litigation dates back to the period of the Republic of China, history has a great similarity with today. The writing of this article is combing the medical legislation and judicial process. To investigate the system and judicial practice of creating, looking forward to solve medical disputes for today to seek institutional experience. This paper consists of five chapters. The chapters are as follows:
The first chapter is the introduction, discusses the cause of Western medicine to produce medical disputes from historical and philosophical perspective. Western medicine is a large-scale, pipelined mode of treatment, doctors treat patients as "physical" instead of "life", the patient lost humanity, the relationship between doctors and patients go to the market. The medical ethics has gradually subsided, mutual mistrust between doctors and patients, medical conflicts intensified. The model of medical tangle is technical progress of Technology (technical regulation) - oppressed groups (disputes). Resistance to resolve disputes between doctors and patients, people need to establish the integrity and legal faith, the faith of curing as a moral. The period of the Republic of China is in the case of medical law transformation period China, legislative and judicial mode of traditional Chinese changed dramatically in the late Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China medical cases mainly occurred in medical technology. For mature, judicial and relatively modern port areas.
The emergence and development of the second chapter of medical law, discusses the medical legislation and judicial medical background. This chapter first defines the basic concepts of medical law, indicating the adjustment object of medical law, medical law characteristics, and then discusses the China traditional social medical legislation, including medical administrative legislation, the Royal medical legislation and civil medical legislation; discusses the Chinese traditional social and medical dispute settlement mechanism, including reconciliation, mediation, litigation. This chapter mainly discusses the historical background of medical law, "the emergence of the modern city, the introduction of Western medicine, the establishment of the modern rule of law is the prerequisite of the medical law. The emergence of medical disputes cannot do without the subjective understanding of the relationship between doctors and patients, doctors and patients is the incentive for the medical disputes and medical model of cognitive bias for the disease and treatment of cognitive bias.
The third chapter studies the medical legislation in the Republic of China. This chapter describes the guiding ideology, the medical legislation legislative body, legislative procedure, Republic of China introduced the medical legislation content, based on the list > and < < doctor of traditional Chinese Medicine Ordinance legislation research, discussion on the game in the legislation of social interest groups. Secondly, the chapter of the medical legislation contents are introduced in detail, including the main medical treatment, medical market, medical environment, medical behavior, medical content and other aspects of the legislation.
The fourth chapter is the research of the medical litigation. This chapter examines the basic characteristics of justice of the Republic of China, the difference between the Republican medical litigation and common action, the general process of medical trial and trial of medical characteristics; identification of the exploratory process, investigated the identification of general medical practice, medical identification of the subject selection, medical identification of avoidance identification of medical proof force. Then, this chapter discusses the subject of medical lawsuit in the lawsuit behavior, including litigation behavior of judges and prosecutors, litigation behavior of doctors and patients, the lawsuit behavior of social organizations, social features in-depth medical litigation subject role.
The fifth chapter is conclusion. To compare the medical law, medical law and today of the mainland, to find out the historical origin of the two, the Republic of China on medical legislation and judicial medical use for reference for today.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D929;D915.2

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