本文關(guān)鍵詞： 古代婚齡 早婚 高婚齡 降低婚齡　出處：《鄭州大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在我國古代社會,生產(chǎn)力不發(fā)達,科學技術(shù)比較落后,一切社會生產(chǎn)都依賴人力活動,人口的多少也成為影響社會發(fā)展的重要因素。在古代社會婚姻年齡和生育年齡不分離的情況下,人們什么時間結(jié)婚就明顯成為影響當時社會政治、經(jīng)濟發(fā)展水平的重要因素,因此我國古代社會歷代統(tǒng)治者或者是基于社會發(fā)展或者是出于自身的政治需要,都會制定出不同的法定婚姻年齡。本文首先闡述我國古代婚姻年齡的概念、以及法定婚姻年齡和成人的關(guān)系;然后通過對我國古代歷朝大量的婚姻年齡立法和具體實踐的研究,得出我國歷代法定婚姻年齡的立法特征和形成原因,并在此基礎上對我國古代婚齡立法在當時社會的具體實踐狀況進行了研究,最后通過對我國古代法定婚姻年齡實施的效果評析,得出我國傳統(tǒng)社會法定婚姻年齡普遍較低的必要性、合理性、并在此基礎上對我國當前社會實施的“男22周歲、女20周歲”的最低法定婚齡進行評價�？v觀當今世界潮流,多數(shù)國家的法律明確規(guī)定男、女18歲以上或者16歲以上結(jié)婚即為合法婚姻,受法律保護,明顯低于我國現(xiàn)行的“男22周歲、女20周歲”的法定最低婚齡。聯(lián)合國人權(quán)事務委員會和國際人權(quán)組織也都認為:男、女但凡達到15歲,其婚姻即為合法的,應該受到法律的保護,世界各國、各地區(qū)可以根據(jù)本民族的經(jīng)濟、政治及文化教育、風俗等,制定出符合本民族習俗的婚姻年齡政策,但一般不應大于20歲。由此可見,我國現(xiàn)行《婚姻法》中的“男22周歲、女20周歲”的法定最低婚齡是不符合當今時代發(fā)展的,更與我國古代的婚姻年齡立法規(guī)定相差甚遠。本文主要通過對我國古代婚姻年齡問題的研究,以期找出當今我國社會出現(xiàn)的“史上最高法定婚姻年齡”導致的難題的解決辦法,最終得出降低我國現(xiàn)行法定婚姻年齡的合理性所在,并提出未來降低法定婚姻年齡的立法意見。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, the productive forces were underdeveloped, science and technology were relatively backward, and all social production depended on human activities. The number of people has also become an important factor affecting social development. With the age of marriage and childbearing not separated in ancient society, when people get married, it is obvious that when people get married, it becomes an important factor affecting the level of social and economic development at that time. Therefore, the rulers of ancient Chinese society either based on social development or out of their own political needs, will make different legal age of marriage. This paper first describes the concept of the age of marriage in ancient China. And the relationship between the legal age of marriage and adults, and then through the study of a large number of legislation and practice of the legal age of marriage in ancient China, the legislative characteristics and the reasons for the formation of the legal age of marriage in the past dynasties of China are obtained. On this basis, the author studies the specific practice of the ancient marriage age legislation in the society at that time, and finally evaluates the effect of the implementation of the legal marriage age in ancient China. The necessity and rationality of the lower legal age of marriage in traditional society of our country are obtained. On the basis of this, the minimum legal marriage age of "22 years of men and 20 years of age of women" implemented in the current society of our country is evaluated. The laws of most countries explicitly stipulate that marriage is legal for men and women over 18 years of age or over 16 years of age, and is protected by law, which is obviously lower than the current age of "22 years of age for men" in China. The United Nations Human Rights Committee and international human rights organizations also believe that marriage of men and women who reach the age of 15 is legal and should be protected by law. According to the national economy, politics, culture and education, customs and so on, all regions may formulate a marriage age policy that conforms to their own national customs, but generally should not be more than 20 years old. Thus, it can be seen that in the present Marriage Law of China, "the male is 22 years old," The legal minimum marriage age of 20 years old women is not in line with the development of the present age, and it is far from the legal provisions of the marriage age in ancient China. This paper mainly through the study of the age of marriage in ancient China. In order to find out the solution to the problem caused by "the highest legal age of marriage in the history" in our society, finally we can find out the rationality of lowering the current legal age of marriage in our country. And put forward the legislative opinion of lowering the legal marriage age in the future.
【學位授予單位】：鄭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D929

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