發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-22 21:52

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 法律邏輯 立法思維 立法假定　出處：《華中師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：立法假定方法是立法者在立法工作中形成法律假設(shè)時(shí)所運(yùn)用的邏輯思維方法。立法假定方法的運(yùn)用過程中是否科學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),決定了立法本身的合理性和正當(dāng)性,更關(guān)系到整個(gè)法律系統(tǒng)能否被多數(shù)民眾認(rèn)可、服從和遵守。立法假定方法源于法哲學(xué)的歷史淵源,它的合理結(jié)構(gòu)完全可以成為立法者值得信賴的立法工具,更是保證立法目的得以實(shí)現(xiàn)的有效方法。 第一部分主要論述立法假定方法與邏輯思維之關(guān)系。立法假定是指立法者依據(jù)當(dāng)前的政策要求和相關(guān)法律理論,對已發(fā)生法律事實(shí)的定性和對未來可能發(fā)生的法律行為進(jìn)行預(yù)測性解釋,是立法者形成的一種推測性結(jié)論。立法假定的發(fā)展方向是經(jīng)過依法確認(rèn)已成文法條。探尋立法假定的發(fā)展淵源,人們就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)法律與邏輯交融的發(fā)展歷史,而這一發(fā)展歷史幾乎貫穿了整個(gè)法哲學(xué)的繁榮進(jìn)程。立法假定的建立、生成和應(yīng)用具有特殊的一般過程,這一過程始終跟隨立法思維的進(jìn)行路徑,并且完全表現(xiàn)在立法程序當(dāng)中。同時(shí),基于科學(xué)假說和科學(xué)解釋的理論,可建構(gòu)獨(dú)特的立法假定思維的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。 第二部分主要論述立法假定生成的具體的邏輯思維方法。立法假定如同科學(xué)假設(shè)一樣,總是受到一些關(guān)鍵因素的影響而產(chǎn)生。一般來講,一個(gè)科學(xué)合理的立法假定基本上源自以下幾個(gè)方面而產(chǎn)生：政策要求、涉法事件以及立法目的。這幾個(gè)方面常常給立法者提出一個(gè)個(gè)具體的需要通過立法來解決的立法問題。立法假定的生成過程中運(yùn)用到了許多邏輯方法和思維模式,包括邏輯上的歸納思維、類比思維和演繹思維,以及非邏輯上的形象思維、直覺思維和思辨思維等。立法假定的檢驗(yàn)與評估是為了考察立法假定否合理、是否嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),因?yàn)檫@是保證立法假定在經(jīng)過檢驗(yàn)評估成為法條之后是否具有可靠性。 第三部分主要論述立法假定方法的影響因素與優(yōu)化路徑。任何一種邏輯方法在實(shí)踐中都不被認(rèn)同為完美的,立法假定的邏輯方法也同樣會(huì)存在復(fù)雜性和局限性,更需要針對這些復(fù)雜性和局限性來尋找優(yōu)化路徑。其中,主要包括有針對性準(zhǔn)確把握立法的客觀環(huán)境,提高立法預(yù)測的科學(xué)性,優(yōu)化立法程序,以及盡可能確保立法思維的完備性、一致性和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性。
[Abstract]:The assumed method of legislation is the logical thinking method used by the legislator when forming the legal hypothesis in the legislative work. Whether the method of legislative assumption is scientific and rigorous determines the rationality and legitimacy of the legislation itself. It is also related to whether the whole legal system can be recognized, obeyed and obeyed by the majority of the people. The method of legislative assumption originates from the historical origin of legal philosophy, and its reasonable structure can be a reliable legislative tool for legislators. It is also an effective method to ensure the realization of legislative purpose. The first part mainly discusses the relationship between the method of legislative assumption and logical thinking, which refers to the legislator according to the current policy requirements and related legal theory. The characterization of the legal facts that have occurred and the predictive interpretation of the legal acts that may occur in the future. It is a kind of conjectural conclusion formed by the legislator. The development direction of the legislative assumption is to confirm the statutory law by law and to explore the development origin of the legislative assumption, people will find the development history of the combination of law and logic. The history of this development almost runs through the prosperous process of the whole philosophy of law. The establishment, generation and application of legislative assumptions have a special general process, which always follows the path of legislative thinking. At the same time, based on the theory of scientific hypothesis and scientific explanation, we can construct a unique logical structure of the thinking of legislative assumption. The second part mainly discusses the specific logical thinking method of the legislative assumption. Like the scientific hypothesis, the legislative assumption is always influenced by some key factors. Generally speaking. A scientific and reasonable legislative assumption arises essentially from the following aspects: policy requirements. Legal matters and legislative purposes. These aspects often give legislators a specific need to solve the legislative problems through legislation. Legislative assumptions in the process of the generation of a lot of logical methods and thinking mode. . It includes inductive thinking, analogy thinking and deductive thinking, as well as non-logical thinking in image, intuition and speculation, etc. The purpose of testing and evaluating the legislative assumptions is to investigate whether the legislative assumptions are reasonable or not. Rigour, as this ensures the reliability of the legislative assumption after being tested and assessed as a statute. The third part mainly discusses the influence factors and the optimization path of the legislative assumption method. Any kind of logic method is not recognized as perfect in practice. The logical method assumed by legislation will also have complexity and limitation, and it is necessary to find the optimization path in view of these complexity and limitation. Among them, it mainly includes the objective environment to grasp the legislation accurately and pertinently. To improve the scientific nature of legislative prediction, optimize legislative procedures, and ensure the completeness, consistency and rigor of legislative thinking as far as possible.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D901;D90-051

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本文編號：1455826