本文關(guān)鍵詞： 保訓(xùn) 中 道法 刑名　出處：《上海社會科學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：春秋戰(zhàn)國是我國社會大變革時期。這一時期,生產(chǎn)力顯著提高,新興地主階級從舊制度中產(chǎn)生壯大,諸子百家爭鳴,南北文化交流融合。而清華簡《保訓(xùn)》、黃帝四經(jīng)《道法》兩者皆出自楚地,成書于戰(zhàn)國時期,代表著當(dāng)時楚國文化中的法律思想。都是我國珍貴的古代文獻(xiàn),對于研究我國先秦法律思想具有重要的價值。從《保訓(xùn)》與《道法》整體主旨比較,《保訓(xùn)》核心在于"中"和德,目的在于"受天命",具有儒家人治的色彩。而《道法》則偏重"道",人可以認(rèn)識道制定法律,道超脫于人,因而《道法》具有不同于人治的法治思想,是一種法律意識的進(jìn)步�？梢姟侗Ｓ�(xùn)》和《道法》從其主旨來看屬于儒家和道家兩個不同的學(xué)說派別。但從現(xiàn)代法律方面來分類,兩者在立法、執(zhí)法、司法、守法等方面都有所表述。相比較而言,《保訓(xùn)》認(rèn)為法從先王治國經(jīng)驗而來,立法考慮百姓意愿,執(zhí)法要求"中"且"不易實變名"。而《道法》更強(qiáng)調(diào)"道生法",立法合"道";司法要去私立公的法律思想是不同的。二者在守法達(dá)成一致,認(rèn)為在屬地范圍都必須遵守,不可廢弛。從經(jīng)驗之談到一種理性的認(rèn)識,是對法律思考的深入。從其思想內(nèi)容以及時代推算,《保訓(xùn)》早于《道法》�！侗Ｓ�(xùn)》和《道法》對于我國的法律文化也產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。儒道對于法律的認(rèn)識在戰(zhàn)國時期,甚至是秦、漢等王朝具有一定的連續(xù)性。特別是在漢代,黃儒斗爭激烈。儒生董仲舒,結(jié)合黃老思想提出"春秋決獄""秋冬行刑"以德治國等思想,開啟了儒法合流的時代。法律儒家化成為古代法律的重要特征。
[Abstract]:The Spring and Autumn period and warring States period was a period of great social change in our country. During this period, the productivity increased significantly, the new landlord class grew stronger from the old system, the various schools of thought were in contention, and the cultural exchange between the North and the South was merged. The four Classics of the Yellow Emperor "Taoism" and "Taoism" were written in the warring States period, representing the legal thought in the culture of Chu at that time. Both of them are precious ancient documents of our country. It is of great value to study the legal thought of pre-Qin period in our country. Compared with the whole purport of "protecting and training" and "Taoism", the core of "protection and training" lies in "middle" and "virtue", and the purpose is to "receive the destiny". It has the color of Confucian rule by man. However, "Taoism" emphasizes "Tao". People can realize that Tao makes laws, and the Tao is transcendent to people, so the "Taoism" has different thoughts of rule of law from the rule of man. It is a kind of progress of legal consciousness. It can be seen that the precepts and Daoism belong to two different schools of Confucianism and Taoism from its main point of view. But they are classified from the aspect of modern law, they are in legislation, law enforcement, and judicature. By comparison, the Provost thought that the law came from the experience of ruling the country by the former king, and the legislation took into account the wishes of the people. The law enforcement requires "middle" and "not easy to change the name". The "Taoism Law" emphasizes the "Taoism Law", and the legislation conforms to the "Tao"; The legal thought that the judicature wants to go to the private public is different. They agree to abide by the law, think that in the territorial scope must abide by, can not abandon. From the experience to a rational understanding. Is the depth of legal thinking. From its ideological content and time extrapolated. "Protector" was earlier than "Taoist Law". The "Taoism" and "Taoism" also had an important impact on the legal culture of our country. The understanding of law by Confucianism and Taoism was in the warring States period, even in Qin Dynasty. The Han Dynasty has certain continuity. Especially in the Han Dynasty, Huang Ru had a fierce struggle. Dong Zhongshu, a Confucian student, combined with Huang Lao's thought, put forward the thought of "the Spring and Autumn ruling Prison" and "Autumn and Winter execution" to govern the country by virtue. It opened the era of the confluence of Confucianism and law, and the formation of legal Confucianism was an important feature of ancient law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海社會科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D909.2

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