本文關(guān)鍵詞： 唐律疏議 皆字例 各字例　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“八例”,又稱律母,分別為“以、準(zhǔn)、皆、各、其、及、即、若”八字,它對研讀律文有著至關(guān)重要的作用。本文僅對“皆”、“各”這兩個直接科以刑罰的字例加以論述與分析。 本文共分四個部分,分別為：“皆”、“各”詞義概述,“皆”、“各”字例在唐律疏議中的分布及形態(tài),“皆”、“各”字例中所體現(xiàn)出的唐律立法本質(zhì),以及“皆’“各”字例在唐律中的重要作用。 在文章第一部分中,筆者從“皆”、“各”兩字詞源講起,介紹兩字的基本含義以及作為字例的法律含義。這是深入了解“皆”、“各”兩個字例在《唐律疏議》中的用法及作用的基礎(chǔ)。該部分著重闡述了“皆”、“各”兩字作為字例時的含義,以明確區(qū)分律文中非字例的用法,并對兩字例的用法做了簡要比較�？梢哉f,第一部分是本文研究基礎(chǔ)。 在第二部分中,筆者對《唐律疏議》全文的“皆”、“各”字例做了數(shù)量以及分布上的統(tǒng)計,將兩個字例的具體形態(tài)進行了分類,并以《唐律疏議》中具體律文規(guī)定為例作簡要說明。該章節(jié)是本文的重點部分,也是筆者重點闡述的內(nèi)容。筆者通過這部分的統(tǒng)計與分析,了解“皆”、“各”兩字在律文中的涵義、用法、區(qū)別等,以達到識別《唐律疏議》中“皆”、“各”這兩個字例。 通過以上兩個部分的闡述與分析,辨別是否構(gòu)成“皆”、“各”字例,可以從以下兩方面進行：其一,兩個字后是否直接科以具體刑罰,而且這種刑罰可以直接運用到個案中去；其二,如果“皆”、“各”兩字之后直接科以刑罰,那么這種具體的刑罰是整部律文中單獨的新規(guī)定,相關(guān)處罰要依照兩個字例的規(guī)定來定罪處罰,不會完全等同于其他律文中的規(guī)定。 第三部分,簡要說明“皆”、“各”字例在律文中使用的原因,這些原因所反映的是唐律立法者的立法意圖——保障皇權(quán)、維護森嚴(yán)的等級制度。這便是立法者所要達到的立法目的。 本文最后一部分,簡要闡述“皆”、“各”字例在《唐律疏議》中的作用。本部分是通過前面的闡述與分析來進行總結(jié),重點說明兩字例以特殊規(guī)定的形式運用對《唐律疏議》整體的影響。 總之,本文對“皆”、“各”字例的含義、分布及形態(tài)做了詳細(xì)闡述,并通過具體的律文規(guī)定來加以說明,希望對《唐律疏議》中的立法字詞有進一步了解,更加深入掌握《唐律疏議》的整體框架結(jié)構(gòu)。這些都對明確《唐律疏議》的歷史地位及正確評價《唐律疏議》有著重要作用。
[Abstract]:"eight examples", also known as "law mother", are respectively "to, accurate, all, each, its, and, if," eight characters, it has a vital role in the study of the law of the text. The two direct sections of "each" are discussed and analyzed by examples of punishment. This article is divided into four parts: "all", "each" word meaning overview, "all", "each" in the distribution and form of the Tang law, "all", "each" embodied in the legislative essence of Tang law. And the important role of the word "all'" in the Tang Law. In the first part of the article, the author begins with the etymology of "all" and "each", and introduces the basic meaning of the word and the legal meaning of the word as an example. This part focuses on the meaning of "all" and "each" as an example, in order to distinguish clearly the usage of non-word examples in the text of law. The first part is the basis of this paper. In the second part, the author makes statistics on the number and distribution of the "all" and "each" characters in the full text of "Tang Law", and classifies the specific forms of the two characters. This chapter is not only the key part of this article, but also the content of the author's emphases. Through the statistics and analysis of this part, the author understands "all". The meaning, usage and difference of the word "each" in the text of law, in order to distinguish the two characters of "all" and "each" in "Tang Ru-Shu". Through the above two parts of the elaboration and analysis, to identify whether to constitute "both", "each" word examples, can be carried out from the following two aspects: first, two words after the direct section of the specific penalty. And this penalty can be directly applied to the case; Second, if "all", "each" is followed by a direct penalty, then the specific penalty is a separate new provision in the entire text of the law, and the relevant punishment should be convicted and punished in accordance with the provisions of the two characters. It is not entirely equivalent to the provisions in other legal texts. The third part briefly explains the reasons why "all" and "each" are used in the legal text. These reasons reflect the legislative intention of the legislator of Tang Dynasty to protect the imperial power. Maintain a strict hierarchy. This is what legislators want to achieve. In the last part of this paper, the author briefly expounds the role of "all" and "each" in the "Tang Law sparsely discussed". This part is summed up through the previous elaboration and analysis. The emphasis is on the influence of the two characters on the whole of Tang Law in the form of special regulations. In a word, the meaning, distribution and form of "all" and "each" are explained in detail, and explained through specific regulations, hoping to have a further understanding of the legislative words in "Tang Ru-Shu". It is important for us to have a better understanding of the whole frame structure of Tang Law Disorder, which is very important to clarify the historical status of Tang Law Disorder and to evaluate it correctly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D929

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