【摘要】：隨著科技的發(fā)展和社會的進步,各行各業(yè)對高素質(zhì)人才的需求越來越多也越來越急迫,培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)的人才已經(jīng)成為當今教育的首要任務。數(shù)學教育是人才培養(yǎng)的重要方面。在數(shù)學基礎教育中,數(shù)學概念是一切基礎理論的基石。數(shù)學概念在學生理解和掌握數(shù)學的基本原理、基本規(guī)律過程中扮演著極其重要的角色。因此,數(shù)學概念的教學成為數(shù)學基礎教育的重中之重。然而,在現(xiàn)階段的數(shù)學概念課堂教學和學習中還存在許多問題。在數(shù)學概念的教學中,許多教師對數(shù)學概念所具有的高度抽象性和概括性認識不足,對中學數(shù)學概念體系沒有全面了解,或者概念教學的方法單一,對學生如何學習數(shù)學概念缺乏正確和及時的引導;在數(shù)學概念的學習方面,由于中學生年齡結(jié)構的特點,其抽象思維能力正處于逐步發(fā)展階段,學生在學習數(shù)學概念時普遍存在著認識不深刻、不準確、不清晰、不牢固和不靈活等問題,導致在后續(xù)的學習中對數(shù)學定理、定義理解不深或出現(xiàn)偏差,機械記憶概念或生搬硬套的現(xiàn)象普遍存在。長此以往,嚴重影響到學生的問題分析能力、解決能力的提高,對其他學科的學習也造成了障礙。因此,如何更好地解決這一問題是擺在教育研究者面前的一個重要而緊迫的課題。本文采用現(xiàn)代教育研究方法,以初中數(shù)學教學為切入點,利用問卷調(diào)查和訪談的方法來了解初中數(shù)學概念教與學的實際情況,從教師和學生兩個層面尋找問題的癥結(jié)所在,并深入分析造成這些問題的原因,探索解決該問題的方法,并根據(jù)數(shù)學概念的教育教學理論和實際,提出了“啟、展、內(nèi)、抽、用”五位一體的數(shù)學概念教學方法。全文共分六部分。第一部分,緒論。闡述了論文研究的背景、目的、意義以及數(shù)學概念教學的研究現(xiàn)狀。第二部分,研究的內(nèi)容及方法。介紹了本文所采用的文獻研究方法、問卷調(diào)查法和訪談法等方法,介紹了研究的內(nèi)容和對象。第三部分,初中數(shù)學概念教學的相關研究。本部分介紹了與數(shù)學概念教學相關的基本研究,論述了數(shù)學概念的含義、特征、學習方式及教學方式。第四部分,初中數(shù)學概念教學現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查結(jié)果與分析。介紹了初中數(shù)學概念教學現(xiàn)狀的問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果和訪談結(jié)果。對調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進行了整理和統(tǒng)計分析,明確了初中數(shù)學概念教與學中所存在的各種問題,并對問題進行了深入分析。第五部分,提出“啟、展、內(nèi)、抽、用”五位一體數(shù)學概念教學方法。依據(jù)調(diào)查結(jié)果分析,結(jié)合初中生認知結(jié)構的特點及數(shù)學概念的教學原則,本文提出了針對初中數(shù)學概念教學的新方法,即“啟、展、內(nèi)、抽、用”五位一體的教學方法,并給出了案例設計。第六部分,總結(jié)與展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the progress of society, the demand for high-quality talents in various industries is more and more urgent, and the cultivation of high-quality talents has become the primary task of education. Mathematics education is an important aspect of talent training. In the basic education of mathematics, the concept of mathematics is the cornerstone of all basic theories. Mathematical concepts play an extremely important role in students' understanding and mastering the basic principles and laws of mathematics. Therefore, the teaching of mathematical concepts has become the most important thing in basic mathematics education. However, there are still many problems in the classroom teaching and learning of mathematical concepts at the present stage. In the teaching of mathematical concepts, many teachers lack a high degree of abstraction and general understanding of mathematical concepts, do not have a comprehensive understanding of the mathematical concept system in middle school, or a single method of concept teaching, and lack of correct and timely guidance on how students learn mathematical concepts. In the learning of mathematical concepts, because of the characteristics of middle school students' age structure, their abstract thinking ability is in the stage of gradual development. When students learn mathematical concepts, there are many problems, such as not deep understanding, inaccurate, unclear, not firm and inflexible, which leads to the phenomenon of not deep understanding or deviation of mathematical theorem, mechanical memory concept or rigid set in subsequent learning. In the long run, it has seriously affected students' problem analysis ability and improved their ability to solve problems, and has also caused obstacles to the study of other subjects. Therefore, how to better solve this problem is an important and urgent issue for educational researchers. This paper adopts the modern educational research method, takes the junior middle school mathematics teaching as the breakthrough point, uses the questionnaire survey and the interview method to understand the actual situation of the junior middle school mathematics concept teaching and learning, from the teacher and the student two levels to find out the crux of the problem, and deeply analyzes the causes of these problems, explores the methods to solve this problem, and according to the mathematics concept education and teaching theory and practice, puts forward "open, expand, inside, draw, Using the "five-in-one" mathematical concept teaching method. The full text is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction. This paper expounds the background, purpose, significance and research status of mathematical concept teaching. The second part, the content and method of the study. This paper introduces the methods of literature research, questionnaire survey and interview, and introduces the contents and objects of the study. The third part, junior high school mathematics concept teaching related research. This part introduces the basic research related to the teaching of mathematical concepts, and discusses the meaning, characteristics, learning methods and teaching methods of mathematical concepts. The fourth part, the investigation result and analysis of the present situation of mathematics concept teaching in junior middle school. This paper introduces the results of questionnaire survey and interview on the present situation of mathematics concept teaching in junior high school. This paper collates and statistically analyzes the survey data, clarifies all kinds of problems existing in the teaching and learning of mathematics concepts in junior middle school, and makes a deep analysis of the problems. The fifth part puts forward the teaching method of five-in-one mathematical concept. According to the analysis of the investigation results, combined with the characteristics of the cognitive structure of junior high school students and the teaching principles of mathematical concepts, this paper puts forward a new teaching method for junior middle school mathematics concept teaching, that is, "open, expand, draw, draw and use" five-in-one teaching method, and gives the case design. The sixth part, summary and prospect.
【學位授予單位】：長春師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.6

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