民國(guó)時(shí)期私立女子中學(xué)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-14 17:14
【摘要】：私立女子中學(xué)是女子中等教育的重要組成部分。早在清末時(shí)期,政府便頒布《女子師范學(xué)堂章程》,允許民間開辦女子學(xué)堂,實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)女子中等教育初步的有益探索。中華民國(guó)成立后,私立女子中學(xué)的地位得到了法律的進(jìn)一步保障,該時(shí)期出現(xiàn)了一定數(shù)量的私立女子中學(xué)校,這些私立女子中學(xué)對(duì)促進(jìn)民國(guó)女子中等教育的發(fā)展起到了重要作用。民國(guó)時(shí)期實(shí)行的是男女分校,一些地區(qū)入學(xué)的女生人數(shù)不足以開辦一所女子中學(xué),政府卻無(wú)暇顧及,私立女子中學(xué)在此背景下應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。私立女子中學(xué)的辦學(xué)主體主要有知識(shí)分子階層與實(shí)業(yè)人士,其中知識(shí)分子還包括接受新式教育的女性。經(jīng)費(fèi)籌措多樣化,包括學(xué)雜費(fèi)、社會(huì)資助、基金校產(chǎn)收益、政府補(bǔ)助及其他途徑。私立女子中學(xué)的學(xué)生層次分化較為明顯。不少來(lái)自較高層次家庭,也有少數(shù)來(lái)自低層次家庭。在學(xué)生管理上,學(xué)校在衣著打扮、成績(jī)、品行、請(qǐng)假等方面均作了詳細(xì)規(guī)定。私立女子中學(xué)的教師來(lái)源較為多樣,既有中學(xué)、師范院校以及大學(xué)畢業(yè)生,也有留學(xué)人員。教師待遇因校而異,經(jīng)費(fèi)充足的學(xué)校不僅給予教員基本工資,還贈(zèng)送各種津貼福利;而資金不足的學(xué)校只能勉強(qiáng)支付得起微薄的薪資,教師生活清苦。作為公立女子中學(xué)的補(bǔ)充,私立女子中學(xué)在培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)、課程設(shè)置、校董會(huì)等方面呈現(xiàn)出自身的特點(diǎn)。私立女子中學(xué)的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)與公立女子中學(xué)基本一致,但在特殊時(shí)期,存在與公立女中培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)不同的情況。為了清晰地了解公、私立女子中學(xué)在課程設(shè)置上的差異,本論文選取相近年份的兩份課程表進(jìn)行比較。私立女子中學(xué)的校董會(huì)權(quán)力較大,擁有決定校長(zhǎng)與董事會(huì)成員人選、經(jīng)費(fèi)保管與預(yù)算核算的職權(quán)。私立女子中學(xué)的辦學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),如辦學(xué)主體多樣化、普通課程與專修課程兼顧、以校董會(huì)為主實(shí)行學(xué)校管理等對(duì)當(dāng)代女子教育有著啟發(fā)意義,也為當(dāng)前的教育改革提供了借鑒。
[Abstract]:Private girls' middle school is an important part of female secondary education. As early as the late Qing Dynasty, the government promulgated the articles of Association for Women's normal Schools, which allowed people to set up women's schools, thus realizing the preliminary beneficial exploration for women's secondary education. After the founding of the Republic of China, the status of private girls' middle schools was further protected by law, and a certain number of private girls' middle schools appeared in that period. These private girls' secondary schools played an important role in promoting the development of female secondary education in the Republic of China. During the period of the Republic of China, the number of female students enrolled in some areas was not enough to set up a girls' middle school, but the government did not have time to take it into account. Private girls' middle schools came into being in this context. The main body of private girls' middle schools are intellectuals and industrialists, among them, intellectuals include women who receive new education. Financing diversification, including school fees, social support, fund school income, government subsidies and other channels. The division of students in private girls' middle schools is obvious. Many come from higher-level families, but also a few from low-level families. In the management of students, the school in dress, grades, conduct, leave and other aspects made detailed regulations. Private female middle schools have a wide range of teachers, including middle schools, normal colleges and university graduates, as well as students studying abroad. Teachers' treatment varies from school to school. Schools with sufficient funds not only give teachers basic wages, but also various allowances and benefits, while schools with insufficient funds can barely afford to pay a meagre salary, and teachers live in miserable conditions. As a supplement of public girls' middle school, private girls' middle school has its own characteristics in training goal, curriculum, board of trustees and so on. The training goal of the private girls' middle school is basically the same as that of the public girls' middle school, but in the special period, there are different training goals between the private girls' middle school and the public girl's middle school. In order to understand the differences between public and private secondary schools in curriculum, this paper selects two similar years to compare the curriculum. The board of trustees of private girls' schools has the authority to decide the headmasters and board members, the custody of funds and budget accounting. The experience of private women's middle school, such as the diversification of the main body of running a school, the consideration of the general curriculum and the specialized course, and the school management based on the school management committee, have enlightening significance to the contemporary women's education, and have also provided a reference for the current education reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G639.29
本文編號(hào)：2271091
[Abstract]:Private girls' middle school is an important part of female secondary education. As early as the late Qing Dynasty, the government promulgated the articles of Association for Women's normal Schools, which allowed people to set up women's schools, thus realizing the preliminary beneficial exploration for women's secondary education. After the founding of the Republic of China, the status of private girls' middle schools was further protected by law, and a certain number of private girls' middle schools appeared in that period. These private girls' secondary schools played an important role in promoting the development of female secondary education in the Republic of China. During the period of the Republic of China, the number of female students enrolled in some areas was not enough to set up a girls' middle school, but the government did not have time to take it into account. Private girls' middle schools came into being in this context. The main body of private girls' middle schools are intellectuals and industrialists, among them, intellectuals include women who receive new education. Financing diversification, including school fees, social support, fund school income, government subsidies and other channels. The division of students in private girls' middle schools is obvious. Many come from higher-level families, but also a few from low-level families. In the management of students, the school in dress, grades, conduct, leave and other aspects made detailed regulations. Private female middle schools have a wide range of teachers, including middle schools, normal colleges and university graduates, as well as students studying abroad. Teachers' treatment varies from school to school. Schools with sufficient funds not only give teachers basic wages, but also various allowances and benefits, while schools with insufficient funds can barely afford to pay a meagre salary, and teachers live in miserable conditions. As a supplement of public girls' middle school, private girls' middle school has its own characteristics in training goal, curriculum, board of trustees and so on. The training goal of the private girls' middle school is basically the same as that of the public girls' middle school, but in the special period, there are different training goals between the private girls' middle school and the public girl's middle school. In order to understand the differences between public and private secondary schools in curriculum, this paper selects two similar years to compare the curriculum. The board of trustees of private girls' schools has the authority to decide the headmasters and board members, the custody of funds and budget accounting. The experience of private women's middle school, such as the diversification of the main body of running a school, the consideration of the general curriculum and the specialized course, and the school management based on the school management committee, have enlightening significance to the contemporary women's education, and have also provided a reference for the current education reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G639.29
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，本文編號(hào)：2271091
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