初二學(xué)生物理“假設(shè)與猜想”能力培養(yǎng)的實踐研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-31 09:16
【摘要】：隨著上海市二期課改的實施,提倡探究型課程與研究性學(xué)習(xí),在初中階段對學(xué)生的“假設(shè)與猜想”能力的培養(yǎng)是物理學(xué)習(xí)至關(guān)重要的。初二年級對于科學(xué)的重要分支——物理剛剛接觸,學(xué)生們有著極強的好奇心,但不夠?qū)Ｗ?他們樂于嘗試,有著強烈的自我表現(xiàn)欲望;他們樂于創(chuàng)新,但是邏輯思維能力還有待提高。面對這樣一個群體,教師應(yīng)該從學(xué)生的興趣出發(fā),幫助學(xué)生樹立科學(xué)的態(tài)度,激發(fā)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造潛能。在當前教學(xué)中,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的“假設(shè)與猜想”能力就顯得尤為重要。教師要鼓勵學(xué)生大膽假設(shè),對問題和現(xiàn)象從多方位、不同角度進行猜想,對他們的探究提供更多的支持與幫助。本論文將“假設(shè)與猜想”能力培養(yǎng)的策略引入初二物理課堂。主要采用文獻研究法、問卷調(diào)查法、訪談法、測驗法,通過“假設(shè)與猜想”能力培養(yǎng)的初中物理教學(xué)案例的具體教學(xué)實踐活動,分析評價其教學(xué)的效果,探究其對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)成績、研究能力等方面的影響,得出研究結(jié)論。本論文分為五個部分:第一部分,緒論,介紹研究的背景及意義、相關(guān)概念的界定、國內(nèi)外研究的現(xiàn)狀及成果;對相關(guān)理論依據(jù)進行了系統(tǒng)闡述。第二部分,調(diào)查的設(shè)計與實施。針對八年級物理學(xué)科的特點及現(xiàn)狀,設(shè)計初二學(xué)生物理“假設(shè)與猜想”能力的調(diào)查問卷并實施調(diào)查,得到相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),并對數(shù)據(jù)進行了處理與分析。第三部分,針對調(diào)查結(jié)果,制定初二學(xué)生物理“假設(shè)與猜想”能力培養(yǎng)的策略。第四部分,初二學(xué)生物理“假設(shè)與猜想”能力培養(yǎng)的實踐研究,闡述能力培養(yǎng)的原則、實驗?zāi)康�、被試選擇、實驗設(shè)計。通過前測、案例實踐、后測的結(jié)果分析,得出本次實驗研究的效果。第五部分研究結(jié)果與展望。對本次研究結(jié)論進行總結(jié),結(jié)合實踐經(jīng)歷,對本次研究的不足進行總結(jié)和反思,提出研究展望。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the second phase of curriculum reform in Shanghai, it is very important to cultivate students' ability of "hypothesis and guess" in junior middle school. In the second year of junior high school, an important branch of science, physics has just come into contact, and students are curious, but not focused enough; they are willing to try and have a strong desire for self-expression; they are happy to innovate. But the ability of logical thinking needs to be improved. In the face of such a group, teachers should start from students' interest, help students to establish scientific attitude and stimulate students' creative potential. In current teaching, it is very important to cultivate students' ability of hypothesis and conjecture. Teachers should encourage students to assume boldly, to conjecture problems and phenomena from different angles, and to provide more support and help for their exploration. This thesis introduces the strategy of cultivating the ability of hypothesis and conjecture into the second-year physics classroom. This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature research, questionnaire survey, interview and test, analyzes and evaluates the effect of the teaching of junior high school physics teaching cases through the practical activities of "hypothetical and conjecture" ability cultivation in junior high school physics teaching. To explore its impact on students' academic performance, research ability and other aspects, draw a conclusion. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part, introduction, introduces the background and significance of the study, the definition of related concepts, the current situation and results of domestic and foreign research; The second part, the design and implementation of the investigation. According to the characteristics and present situation of physics course in Grade 8, the questionnaire of physics "hypothesis and conjecture" ability of Grade two students is designed and investigated, and the relevant data are obtained, and the data are processed and analyzed. The third part, according to the investigation result, formulates the junior high school student physics "supposition and the conjecture" the ability cultivation strategy. The fourth part is the practical research on the cultivation of the ability of "hypothesis and conjecture" in physics of the second grade junior high school students, and expounds the principles, the purpose of the experiment, the selection of the subjects and the design of the experiment. Through pre-test, case practice, post-test results analysis, the results of this experimental study. The fifth part of the research results and prospects. The conclusion of this study is summarized, combined with practical experience, the shortcomings of this study are summarized and reflected, and the research prospect is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.7
[Abstract]:With the implementation of the second phase of curriculum reform in Shanghai, it is very important to cultivate students' ability of "hypothesis and guess" in junior middle school. In the second year of junior high school, an important branch of science, physics has just come into contact, and students are curious, but not focused enough; they are willing to try and have a strong desire for self-expression; they are happy to innovate. But the ability of logical thinking needs to be improved. In the face of such a group, teachers should start from students' interest, help students to establish scientific attitude and stimulate students' creative potential. In current teaching, it is very important to cultivate students' ability of hypothesis and conjecture. Teachers should encourage students to assume boldly, to conjecture problems and phenomena from different angles, and to provide more support and help for their exploration. This thesis introduces the strategy of cultivating the ability of hypothesis and conjecture into the second-year physics classroom. This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature research, questionnaire survey, interview and test, analyzes and evaluates the effect of the teaching of junior high school physics teaching cases through the practical activities of "hypothetical and conjecture" ability cultivation in junior high school physics teaching. To explore its impact on students' academic performance, research ability and other aspects, draw a conclusion. This paper is divided into five parts: the first part, introduction, introduces the background and significance of the study, the definition of related concepts, the current situation and results of domestic and foreign research; The second part, the design and implementation of the investigation. According to the characteristics and present situation of physics course in Grade 8, the questionnaire of physics "hypothesis and conjecture" ability of Grade two students is designed and investigated, and the relevant data are obtained, and the data are processed and analyzed. The third part, according to the investigation result, formulates the junior high school student physics "supposition and the conjecture" the ability cultivation strategy. The fourth part is the practical research on the cultivation of the ability of "hypothesis and conjecture" in physics of the second grade junior high school students, and expounds the principles, the purpose of the experiment, the selection of the subjects and the design of the experiment. Through pre-test, case practice, post-test results analysis, the results of this experimental study. The fifth part of the research results and prospects. The conclusion of this study is summarized, combined with practical experience, the shortcomings of this study are summarized and reflected, and the research prospect is put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.7
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條
1 常勇;;初中物理探究教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的猜想與假設(shè)能力[J];中學(xué)生數(shù)理化(教與學(xué));2016年02期
2 李廣權(quán);;淺談初中物理教學(xué)中對學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力的培養(yǎng)[J];學(xué)周刊;2012年09期
3 趙長林;;科學(xué)探究與民主社會:解讀杜威科學(xué)探究思想的深層結(jié)構(gòu)[J];全球教育展望;2010年01期
4 李高峰;劉恩山;;美國《國家科學(xué)教育標準》倡導(dǎo)的科學(xué)探究[J];教育科學(xué);2009年05期
5 黃t，
本文編號：2155126
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/zhongdengjiaoyulunwen/2155126.html
最近更新
教材專著
