【摘要】：體操在學(xué)校體育教學(xué)和體育運動開展中具有重要地位。長期以來,學(xué)校校園里的體操課、課外體操鍛煉、體操競賽等為提高我國學(xué)生的身心健康,增強(qiáng)身體素質(zhì)起到了良好的促進(jìn)作用,對增強(qiáng)人民體質(zhì)產(chǎn)生了深刻的影響。校園體操是指在各級學(xué)校開展的體操課程、課外體操鍛煉和體操競賽。其內(nèi)容既包括競技體操中的單杠、雙杠、跳箱、技巧等項目,也涵蓋大體操中的藝術(shù)體操、健美操、啦啦操、體育舞蹈、排舞等項目。本文運用文獻(xiàn)資料法、問卷調(diào)查法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計法等,研究武漢市中小學(xué)校園體操的開展情況,把握目前武漢市中小學(xué)校園里有什么樣的體操,體操活動有什么內(nèi)容,缺乏什么樣的體操,存在哪些問題,分析存在的問題,探尋武漢市中小學(xué)全面發(fā)展校園體操的辦法,為使校園體操真正走進(jìn)校園提供參考資料。通過全面分析得出的以下結(jié)論:1.目前武漢市中小學(xué)校園體操項目開展的內(nèi)容最多的是徒手體操、隊列隊形和跳繩,而最具有體操特色的器械體操幾乎為零,普遍存在缺失單杠、雙杠、跳躍等器械項目。2.內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)有待完善,上課內(nèi)容過度偏向于基本體操、徒手操、跳繩等,對場地器械要求較高的體操內(nèi)容開展不足。3.器械體操的勝任度不夠,大部分教師都勝任不了器械體操的教學(xué)。武漢市中小學(xué)校園體操中的隊列隊形、徒手體操和跳繩的勝任度為100%,而器械體操的勝任度為23.2%,說明大部分教師都勝任不了器械體操的教學(xué)。其中小學(xué)有27.8%的教師可以勝任器械體操的教學(xué);初中有23.6%的教師可以勝任器械體操的教學(xué);高中的更少,只有19.6%的教師可以勝任。4.硬件設(shè)施情況參差不齊,武漢市中小學(xué)校園體操器械配備情況,器械擁有率最高的前三項為體操墊(小)、助跳板和山羊,分別占據(jù)69.0%、66.7%和58.9%。而擁有率最低的為平梯和體操墊(大),分別占據(jù)15.5%和7.7%。其中小學(xué)的器械擁有率最高的前三項為體操棒、助跳板和體操墊(小),分別占據(jù)69.6%、69.6%和66.1%;擁有率最低的為雙杠和體操墊(大),分別占據(jù)16.1%和14.3%。初中擁有率最高的前三項為山羊、體操墊(小)和助跳板,分別占據(jù)62.5%、62.5%和57.1%;擁有率最低的為平梯和體操墊(大),分別占據(jù)12.5%和5.4%。高中擁有率最高的前三項為體操墊(小)、助跳板和山羊,分別占據(jù)78.6%、73.2%和55.4%;擁有率最低的為平梯和體操墊(大),分別占據(jù)16.1%和3.6%。5.學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的重視不夠明確。有14.8%的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)非常重視校園體操,51.1%的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)一般重視校園體操,29.2%的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)不太重視校園體操,4.9%的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)完全不重視校園體操。大部分學(xué)校因為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的重視不足,導(dǎo)致經(jīng)費缺乏,器械陳舊,場地規(guī)劃不足,嚴(yán)重影響到教學(xué)效果。6.教師培訓(xùn)、學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會明顯不足。武漢市中小學(xué)校園體操教師培訓(xùn),有38.1%的教師參加過教師培訓(xùn),61.9%的教師沒參加過教師培訓(xùn)。其中小學(xué)有37%的教師參加過教師培訓(xùn),63%的教師沒參加過教師培訓(xùn);初中有43.6%的教師參加過教師培訓(xùn),56.4%的教師沒參加過教師培訓(xùn);高中有32.1%的教師參加過教師培訓(xùn),67.9%的教師沒參加過教師培訓(xùn)。教師技能培訓(xùn)可以幫助教師更清晰準(zhǔn)確地掌握教學(xué)內(nèi)容,把握教學(xué)步驟,使學(xué)生更加容易學(xué)會所教內(nèi)容。
[Abstract]:Gymnastics plays an important role in school physical education and sports. For a long time, the gymnastics class in the school campus, extracurricular gymnastic exercises and gymnastic competitions have played a good role in promoting the physical and mental health of the students in our country and enhancing the physical quality, and have a profound influence on the strengthening of the people's physique. Gymnastics Courses at all levels, extracurricular gymnastic exercises and gymnastics competitions. The contents include both the horizontal bars, the parallel bars, the Vaulting boxes and the skills, as well as the events of the rhythmic gymnastics, aerobics, cheerleading, sports dance, and dance. This article uses literature, questionnaire, mathematical statistics and so on. In the middle and primary schools of Han City, how to carry out the gymnastics on campus, grasp what kind of Gymnastics in the primary and middle school campus of Wuhan, what is the content of gymnastics, what kind of gymnastics is lacking, what problems exist, the existing problems are analyzed, and the methods of comprehensive development of campus physical exercises in primary and middle schools in Wuhan are explored, so as to provide the campus gymnastics into the campus. Through comprehensive analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. the main contents of the gymnastic project in Wuhan primary and secondary school are bare hand gymnastics, queue formation and rope skipping, and the gymnastic gymnastics with the most gymnastic characteristics is almost zero. There is a general existence of the.2. content structure of missing single bar, parallel bars and jumping equipment. The content overly biased towards the basic gymnastics, bare hands, rope skipping, and so on. The competence of the.3. gymnastics is not enough to carry out the gymnastic contents which have high requirements for the field equipment. Most of the teachers are not competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics. The queue formation in the school gymnastic in Wuhan primary and secondary schools, the competence of bare hand gymnastics and rope skipping is 100%, and the apparatus gymnastics The competence is 23.2%, indicating that most of the teachers are not competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics. Among them, 27.8% of the teachers in primary schools can be competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics; 23.6% of the teachers in junior high school can be competent for the teaching of apparatus gymnastics; the high school is less, only 19.6% of the teachers can be qualified for the uneven.4. hardware facilities, and the primary and secondary schools in Wuhan On campus gymnastic equipment, the top three items with the highest instrument ownership rate are gymnastic mats (small), helping the springboard and goats, occupying 69%, 66.7% and 58.9%. respectively, while the lowest possession rate is the flat ladder and the gymnastic mat (big), occupying 15.5% and 7.7%. respectively. The top three items in the primary school have the top three gymnastic rods, the help of the springboard and the gymnastic mats (small). Do not occupy 69.6%, 69.6%, and 66.1%; the lowest possession rate is the double bars and the gymnastic mat (big), the top three of the 16.1% and 14.3%. junior high schools are the goats, the gymnastic mats (small) and the help springboard, 62.5%, 62.5%, and 57.1%, and the lowest possession rate of the flat and the gymnastic mats, which occupy the highest rate of the 12.5% and 5.4%. high schools, respectively. The three items are gymnastic mat (small), help springboard and goat, occupying 78.6%, 73.2% and 55.4% respectively. The lowest level is the flat ladder and the gymnastic mat (big), which occupy 16.1% and 3.6%.5. school leaders respectively. 14.8% of the leaders attach great importance to campus gymnastics, 51.1% lead to campus gymnastics, and 29.2% leaders do not pay much attention to the campus body. Fuck, 4.9% of the leaders did not pay much attention to campus gymnastics. Most schools were lacking in the attention of the leaders, resulting in lack of funds, old equipment and lack of site planning, which seriously affected the teaching effect of.6. teacher training, and the opportunities for learning were obviously insufficient. 38.1% teachers had participated in teacher training in Wuhan primary and secondary school campus, 61.9% teachers had been trained in teacher training, 61.9% Teachers did not take part in teacher training, of which 37% of primary school teachers participated in teacher training, 63% of teachers did not take part in teacher training; 43.6% of teachers in junior high school participated in teacher training, and 56.4% of teachers did not take part in teacher training; 32.1% of teachers in high school participated in teacher training and 67.9% of teachers did not take part in teacher training. Teachers' skills were not involved. Training can help teachers to grasp the teaching content more clearly and accurately, grasp the teaching steps, and make it easier for students to learn what they are teaching.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.96

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