【摘要】：本文以中國1920-1949年間的中學(xué)國文教材為切入點(diǎn),研究新文學(xué)在當(dāng)時(shí)中學(xué)教育中的接受情況。作為現(xiàn)代文學(xué)研究的媒介對(duì)象之一,中學(xué)國文教材與一般文學(xué)圖書、雜志、報(bào)紙副刊等媒介相比更具重要性,因?yàn)樗哂杏×看�、受眾廣,而且經(jīng)過了教、學(xué)、考等多重接受程序因而接受效果非同一般等等特點(diǎn),以此為切入點(diǎn),可以更深入地了解當(dāng)時(shí)中國新文學(xué)的社會(huì)接受情況。鑒于此,筆者以北京圖書館編寫的《民國時(shí)期總書目·中小學(xué)教材》(1995年)為依據(jù),依靠CADAL數(shù)字資源庫,國家圖書館的館藏等資源,對(duì)民國時(shí)期出版的中學(xué)國文教材進(jìn)行了較為廣泛地搜索,共搜集到90套國文教材。論文采用文本解讀和數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法,對(duì)這90套中學(xué)國文教材進(jìn)行了充分的考察,試圖為中國現(xiàn)代文學(xué)研究提供一些較為客觀的資料,同時(shí)力圖矯正過去同類研究因?yàn)榻滩臉颖静蛔愕仍蚨a(chǎn)生的結(jié)論的偏差。通過對(duì)教材的解讀,如對(duì)教材編排體例、課文注解、思考和習(xí)題設(shè)置等的分析,來呈現(xiàn)新文學(xué)被處置的情況及其功能設(shè)定,通過數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)來分析新文學(xué)篇目所承擔(dān)的各項(xiàng)教育功能及其演變情況,并且以此為據(jù)探討其背后所反映的時(shí)代、政治、觀念等原因,這都將有助于人們更全面和更準(zhǔn)確地看待新文學(xué)在民國時(shí)期中學(xué)教育中的真實(shí)存在情況,并且由此推知新文學(xué)在當(dāng)時(shí)的一般社會(huì)接受維度及其效應(yīng)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),新文學(xué)篇目在民國時(shí)期的國文教材中主要承擔(dān)社會(huì)認(rèn)知、思想道德教育等功能,而文學(xué)欣賞的功能并非重點(diǎn)。受當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)政治環(huán)境、國文教育理念、教育政策法規(guī)以及新文學(xué)自身發(fā)展進(jìn)程等因素的影響,新文學(xué)在不同時(shí)段的教材中其教育功能設(shè)置的側(cè)重點(diǎn)又有很大差異。具體而言,在20年代因受文學(xué)“新民”和以教育改造社會(huì)等學(xué)說的影響,教材中選用了大量反映社會(huì)問題的新文學(xué)作品,編選者試圖以此來培養(yǎng)學(xué)生了解社會(huì)、認(rèn)識(shí)社會(huì),以便將來改造社會(huì)的意識(shí)和意愿。30年代,受日本侵華事件和國民黨的黨化教育政策、蔣介石的“四維八德”等文化復(fù)古主義思想的影響,具有民族主義、愛國主義色彩和傳統(tǒng)倫理道德教育功能的新文學(xué)篇目在教材中數(shù)量激增,新文學(xué)的思想道德教育功能得到強(qiáng)調(diào),并一直持續(xù)到抗戰(zhàn)以后。而審美教育功能雖然是文學(xué)最本位的功能,在國文教材中卻不得不常常為社會(huì)認(rèn)知、思想道德教育等功能讓位,長期居于次要地位。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the acceptance of new literature in middle school education at the time of 1920-1949 years in China. As one of the media objects of modern literature research, Chinese text textbooks in middle schools are more important than those of general literature books, magazines, and newspaper supplements. In view of this, the author, based on the "total bibliography of the Republic of China" (1995), relies on the CADAL digital resource base, and relies on the CADAL digital resource base. The collection and other resources of the home library have carried out a more extensive search for the Chinese textbooks published in the Republic of China during the period of the Republic of China. A total of 90 sets of national texts were collected. The paper made a full investigation of the 90 sets of Chinese textbooks by using text interpretation and data statistics, and tried to provide some more objective for the study of modern Chinese literature. At the same time, it tries to rectify the deviation of the conclusions caused by the lack of sample materials in the past. Through the analysis of the textbook, such as the arrangement of teaching materials, the annotation of text, thinking and the setting of exercises, this paper presents the situation and function setting of the new literature, and analyzes the text of the new literature through data statistics. All the educational functions and the evolution of the new literature will help people to look at the true existence of the new literature in the period of the Republic of China in the period of the Republic of China, and the general social acceptance of the new literature at that time. The study found that the text of the new literature mainly undertakes social cognition, ideological and moral education in the period of the Republic of China and the function of Ideological and moral education, and the function of literary appreciation is not the focus. The new literature is influenced by the social and political environment, the concept of national education, the education policy and the development process of the new literature. There are great differences in the emphasis of educational functions in different periods of time. Specifically, in 20s, a large number of new literary works reflecting social problems have been selected in the teaching materials because of the influence of the "new people" and the theory of education and transformation of society in 20s. In order to remould the consciousness and will of the society in the.30 years, influenced by the Japanese invasion of China and the party's party education policy of the Kuomintang, and the influence of Jiang Jieshi's "four dimensions and eight virtues", the new literature, which has nationalism, patriotism and traditional ethical and moral education, has increased in quantity and thought of the new literature. The function of moral education has been emphasized and continued until after the war of resistance. Although the function of aesthetic education is the most important function of literature, it often has to give way to social cognition, ideological and moral education and other functions in Chinese literature, and it has a secondary position for a long time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G633.3

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