本文選題：河南省高考 + 命題趨向��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：高考作文試題在探索中不斷進(jìn)步,它不僅承擔(dān)著人才選拔的功能,還折射出當(dāng)下教育改革的方向。因此,本論文對(duì)2006—2015年河南省高考作文的命題依據(jù)、命題趨向以及存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行客觀分析,力求解決作文教學(xué)的困境。本文分為三個(gè)章節(jié),第一章,近十年的河南省高考作文試題依據(jù)語(yǔ)文《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》《考試大綱》《考試說(shuō)明》以及人教版高中語(yǔ)文教材進(jìn)行命制,其命題特點(diǎn)穩(wěn)中求變,越來(lái)越符合廣大師生和學(xué)者們的需求,也得到了他們的認(rèn)同,高考改革正在向縱深方向發(fā)展。第二章,通過(guò)研究2006—2015年的河南省高考作文命題發(fā)現(xiàn),作文命題形式主要以材料作文為主,考生可以從多個(gè)角度立意,減少了對(duì)考生寫(xiě)作的束縛；命題內(nèi)容方面更加貼近學(xué)生生活,關(guān)注社會(huì)熱點(diǎn),強(qiáng)調(diào)理性思辨,注重考查學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力和邏輯思維能力；另外,試題的題目要求方面對(duì)學(xué)生的限制也在逐漸減少,學(xué)生自由發(fā)揮的空間不斷增大,提高了學(xué)生寫(xiě)作的積極性。但是隨著命題的更新與變化,一些問(wèn)題也日益顯現(xiàn)：由于命題立意越來(lái)越開(kāi)放,導(dǎo)致學(xué)生讀不懂材料,找不到材料的主旨,這在一定程度上增加了學(xué)生的審題難度,然而限制立意角度又不利于考生獨(dú)特個(gè)性的發(fā)揮；試題在文體方面的包容性不夠,學(xué)生不能根據(jù)自身優(yōu)勢(shì)自由寫(xiě)作；與美國(guó)的SAT相比,我們的高考作文命題一直在回避矛盾,在命題內(nèi)容上缺乏對(duì)社會(huì)歷史的關(guān)照,實(shí)用性不夠,而且還缺少對(duì)傳統(tǒng)文化經(jīng)典的回望。筆者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)從理論和實(shí)踐上去分析和探究高考作文命題,改變其現(xiàn)狀,促使其不斷完善。第三章,研究2006—2015年河南高考作文試題的意義還在于指導(dǎo)作文教學(xué)。通過(guò)探究命題的依據(jù)、發(fā)展趨勢(shì)及其存在的不足,有針對(duì)性地開(kāi)展寫(xiě)作教學(xué)工作,避免消極導(dǎo)向。探究作文命題對(duì)高中寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的啟示有如下幾個(gè)方面：第一,根據(jù)命題依據(jù)和趨勢(shì),可以明確作文的本質(zhì),設(shè)置合理的作文教學(xué)目標(biāo)；第二,根據(jù)命題的趨向分析和對(duì)命題的思考,來(lái)制定系統(tǒng)的作文教學(xué)計(jì)劃,促進(jìn)作文教學(xué)的發(fā)展；第三,由于學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)壓力重,平時(shí)不注意觀察生活,導(dǎo)致寫(xiě)作素材貧乏、寫(xiě)作興趣缺失,本論文將從豐富學(xué)生的人生體驗(yàn)、在閱讀中受到熏陶、提高教師的專(zhuān)業(yè)魅力等三個(gè)層面來(lái)激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作興趣；第四,針對(duì)高考作文的命題要求從審題立意、增強(qiáng)文體意識(shí)兩點(diǎn)提出寫(xiě)作教學(xué)的對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:The composition examination questions of the college entrance examination are progressing in the course of exploration, which not only assumes the function of talent selection, but also reflects the direction of the current educational reform. Therefore, this paper makes an objective analysis of the propositional basis, the tendency and the existing problems of the composition of the college entrance examination in Henan Province from 2006 to 2015, in order to solve the difficult position of composition teaching. This paper is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, the composition test of Henan college entrance examination in recent ten years is based on the Chinese "Curriculum Standard", "examination outline" and "examination explanation", as well as the mandarin edition of senior high school Chinese teaching materials, and its propositional characteristics change steadily. More and more in line with the needs of teachers and students and scholars, they also agree that the reform of college entrance examination is developing in depth. The second chapter, by studying the composition proposition of Henan college entrance examination from 2006 to 2015, finds that the composition proposition is mainly in the form of material composition, and the examinee can propose ideas from many angles, which reduces the restriction to the examinee's writing. The content of the proposition is closer to the student's life, paying close attention to the social hot spots, emphasizing rational thinking, and paying attention to the examination of the students' language expression and logical thinking ability. In addition, the restrictions on the students' requirements in the subject requirements of the test questions are also gradually decreasing. The space of students' free play is increasing, and the enthusiasm of students' writing is improved. However, with the renewal and change of the proposition, some problems become more and more obvious: because the proposition is becoming more and more open, the students can not understand the material and find the substance of the material, which to some extent increases the difficulty of the students' examination. However, restricting the angle of intention is not conducive to the exertion of the examinee's unique personality; the examination questions are not sufficiently inclusive in style, and students cannot freely write according to their own advantages. Compared with the SAT of the United States, our essay proposition for the college entrance examination has been avoiding contradictions. Lack of attention to social history and practicability in propositional content, and lack of looking back on the classic of traditional culture. The author thinks that we should analyze and explore the proposition of college entrance examination composition in theory and practice, change its present situation and make it perfect constantly. Chapter three, the significance of studying the composition test of Henan college entrance examination from 2006 to 2015 is to guide composition teaching. By exploring the basis of the proposition, the development trend and its shortcomings, writing teaching should be carried out in order to avoid negative orientation. The enlightenment of exploring composition proposition to senior high school writing teaching has the following aspects: first, according to the basis and trend of proposition, we can define the essence of composition and set up reasonable composition teaching goal; second, According to the tendency analysis of the proposition and the thinking of the proposition, to make the systematic composition teaching plan, promote the development of the composition teaching; third, because the student study pressure is heavy, do not pay attention to observe the life at ordinary times, cause the writing material is poor, Lack of interest in writing, this thesis will enrich the students' life experience, be edified in reading, improve the professional charm of teachers to stimulate students' interest in writing. The author puts forward the countermeasures of writing teaching from two aspects: strengthening the sense of style.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G633.34

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