本文選題：大班額 + 學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量��； 參考：《貴州財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化的進(jìn)城使得農(nóng)村人口快速向城鎮(zhèn)轉(zhuǎn)移,九年義務(wù)教育的普及使得中小學(xué)學(xué)生數(shù)量增加,導(dǎo)致了城鎮(zhèn)中小學(xué)學(xué)齡兒童的急劇增加。學(xué)生的持續(xù)增加又引起了學(xué)校班級規(guī)模的超標(biāo),進(jìn)而給學(xué)校的教學(xué)和管理帶來了很大的壓力。近些年來,班級規(guī)模成了教育領(lǐng)域中一個熱門話題,尤其是在外來人口多的城市,大班額現(xiàn)狀下的教學(xué)質(zhì)量和學(xué)生管理問題堪憂,比如學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境的惡化、師生互動的減少以及學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)驅(qū)力的下降,這些問題的出現(xiàn)對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的質(zhì)量造成了很大的負(fù)面影響,在這種背景下,應(yīng)當(dāng)從學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量出發(fā),探討合適的班級規(guī)模以及在大班額環(huán)境下對教學(xué)和管理的改革。本研究首先對國內(nèi)外大班額研究的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了整理和分析,對大班額的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展和現(xiàn)狀做出一個比較完整的梳理和總結(jié),然后對貴州省六盤水市的幾所中學(xué)進(jìn)行調(diào)研,分別選取了正常班級規(guī)模的班級和典型的超規(guī)模班級進(jìn)行比較。利用發(fā)放問卷的形式對學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)狀況進(jìn)行了解,并選取幾位學(xué)生和老師進(jìn)行訪談,對大班額現(xiàn)象給學(xué)生和教師帶來的影響進(jìn)行更深層次的探討,進(jìn)而對所收集的數(shù)據(jù)和訪談記錄進(jìn)行分析和整理,呈現(xiàn)出目前在西部地區(qū)大班額現(xiàn)狀以及該現(xiàn)狀給學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)和老師的教學(xué)和管理工作所來帶的影響,其中包括擁擠的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境、教學(xué)進(jìn)度的緩慢、教學(xué)效果的下降以及班集體管理出現(xiàn)的難題。最后根據(jù)義務(wù)教育學(xué)校管理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和影響學(xué)習(xí)質(zhì)量的因素提出教學(xué)和管理策略改進(jìn)意見,在硬件設(shè)施方面,應(yīng)當(dāng)從合理布局學(xué)校、優(yōu)化座位編排和優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境等方面著手,但是大班額現(xiàn)象的解決不能僅僅依靠降低班級學(xué)生數(shù)額來解決,在教學(xué)方面,老師要充分了解大班額的特征,在教學(xué)技能和管理技巧方面針對大班額狀況進(jìn)行改革,比如鼓勵同學(xué)之間的課外作業(yè)合作、改變以老師為主導(dǎo)地位的教學(xué)模式和關(guān)注學(xué)生的精神和心靈等手段。大班額給學(xué)生造成的不僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境上的影響,更給學(xué)生的身心發(fā)展和學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)驅(qū)力造成了消極的影響,所以針對大班額現(xiàn)象的改革要從學(xué)生自身的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展和能力的培養(yǎng)上出發(fā)。只有明確了改革的方法和方向,才能從根本上解決大班額的難題。該研究以實(shí)際調(diào)研資料和數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),呈現(xiàn)出了西部地區(qū)普遍大班額現(xiàn)象的基本狀況,對今后教學(xué)改革長遠(yuǎn)規(guī)劃和科學(xué)決策提供具有參考價值和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的意見和決策。
[Abstract]:The urbanization makes the rural population move rapidly to the town, and the popularization of nine-year compulsory education makes the number of primary and middle school students increase, which leads to the sharp increase of the urban primary and secondary school children. The continuous increase of students leads to the exceeding of the class size, which brings great pressure to the teaching and management of the school. In recent years, class size has become a hot topic in the field of education, especially in cities with large foreign populations, where the quality of teaching and student management under the current situation of large class size are worrying, such as the deterioration of the learning environment. With the decrease of teacher-student interaction and the decrease of students' learning drive, the emergence of these problems has a great negative impact on the quality of students' learning. In this context, we should proceed from the quality of students' learning. To explore the appropriate class size and the reform of teaching and management under the environment of large class size. In this study, the current situation of large class research at home and abroad is first sorted and analyzed, and the generation, development and current situation of large class size are summarized. Then, several middle schools in Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province, are investigated. The normal class size and the typical super-scale class are compared respectively. Using the form of questionnaires to understand the learning situation of students, and selected several students and teachers for interviews, the phenomenon of large class size on the impact of students and teachers for a deeper discussion, Then the collected data and interview records are analyzed and collated, showing the current situation of large class size in the western region and its influence on students' learning and teachers' teaching and management work. These include the crowded learning environment, the slow progress of teaching, the decline of teaching effect and the problems of class collective management. Finally, according to the management standards of compulsory education schools and the factors affecting the quality of learning, the suggestions for improving teaching and management strategies are put forward. In terms of hardware facilities, we should start with the rational layout of schools, the optimization of seating arrangement and the optimization of learning environment, etc. However, the problem of large class size cannot be solved only by reducing the number of class students. In teaching, teachers should fully understand the characteristics of large class size and reform the situation of large class size in terms of teaching skills and management skills. For example, encourage homework cooperation among students, change teacher-dominated teaching mode and pay attention to students' spirit and soul. Large class size not only has a negative impact on students' learning environment, but also has a negative impact on their physical and mental development and learning drive. Therefore, the reform of large class size should start from the sustainable development and ability cultivation of students themselves. Only when the reform method and direction are defined, can the problem of large class size be solved fundamentally. Based on the actual investigation data and data, this study presents the basic situation of the phenomenon of large class size in the western region, and provides reference value and practical significance for the long-term planning and scientific decision making of the teaching reform in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G639.2

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