本文選題：樣例學習 + 化學平衡�。� 參考：《南京師范大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：“化學平衡”是化學反應原理的重要組成部分,是中學化學一個極其重要的概念,也始終是高考命題的重點和熱點,如何更有效地分析和解決化學平衡問題一直是研究的熱點課題。樣例學習是學生在已有知識的基礎上,通過閱讀和思考樣例,領會問題解決的新知識并掌握其應用的過程。本研究致力于設置合適的樣例,使學生通過樣例學習構建化學平衡思維模型,并測試樣例學習對不同學生的思維模型構建的影響。論文首先從樣例學習、化學平衡、思維模型三個方面進行了已有研究的概述,在此基礎上根據樣例理論和近5年高考題中化學平衡試題分析,提出樣例設計的策略與原則,并設計出化學平衡樣例。實踐研究方面,對實驗組和對照組統(tǒng)一實施化學平衡基礎知識的前測,結合樣例材料、練習材料和測驗材料,對樣例學習對不同類型學生思維模型構建的影響、不同題型樣例學習效果進行了研究。研究結果表明:(1)樣例學習對學生化學平衡思維模型的構建有明顯的促進作用。(2)不同類型學生通過樣例學習構建化學平衡思維模型的效果不同。學優(yōu)生和學中生兩類學生在使用樣例學習上的效果高度顯著,尤以學優(yōu)生效果更顯著,學困生無明顯差異。 (3)通過樣例學習構建化學平衡思維模型對不同題目效果不同。在近遷移和中遷移題目上,樣例學習未體現出明顯的優(yōu)勢,而在遠遷移題目上,通過樣例學習能大幅度提高學生化學平衡思維模型遷移應用水平。
[Abstract]:"Chemical balance" is an important component of chemical reaction principle, an extremely important concept of chemistry in middle school, and has always been the focal point and hot spot of college entrance examination. How to analyze and solve the chemical equilibrium problem more effectively has been a hot topic. Sample learning is a process for students to grasp the new knowledge of problem solving and master its application through reading and thinking on the basis of existing knowledge. The purpose of this study is to set up appropriate samples to make students construct chemical equilibrium thinking model through sample learning, and to test the influence of sample learning on the construction of different students' thinking models. Firstly, the paper summarizes the existing research from three aspects of sample study, chemical balance and thinking model. Based on the analysis of the sample theory and the chemical balance test in the recent 5 years college entrance examination, the strategies and principles of the sample design are put forward. A chemical equilibrium sample was designed. In the aspect of practical research, the pre-test of the basic knowledge of chemical balance was carried out in the experimental group and the control group, and the influence of sample learning on the construction of different types of students' thinking model was studied by combining the sample material, the practice material and the test material. The learning effect of different test samples was studied. The results show that: (1) sample learning can obviously promote the construction of chemical balance thinking model of students. (2) different types of students have different effects on the construction of chemical equilibrium thinking model through sample learning. The effects of the two types of students were highly significant, especially those of the excellent students, but there was no significant difference between the students with learning difficulties and the students with learning difficulties. 3) the effect of chemical balance thinking model on different subjects is different. On the topic of near transfer and middle transfer, the sample learning does not show obvious advantages, but on the distant transfer topic, example learning can greatly improve the application level of students' chemical balance thinking model transfer.
【學位授予單位】：南京師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G633.8

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本文編號：1906838