本文選題：高中物理 + 力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)��； 參考：《重慶師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：最近幾年,為了有效的提高學(xué)生們的綜合素質(zhì),我國(guó)對(duì)之前的教學(xué)課程進(jìn)行了深化改革,其中對(duì)于中學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)的要求逐漸提高。正是基于這樣的視角,本文選取人教版高中物理必修1、必修2和選修3-5中的力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)為教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)課題內(nèi)容,在研究的過(guò)程中運(yùn)用了物理課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、建構(gòu)主義、實(shí)用主義教育學(xué)、認(rèn)知發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)理論、合作教育學(xué)理論,并結(jié)合高中考試的相關(guān)大綱要求,采用現(xiàn)代化的教學(xué)理念對(duì)其中的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)。在設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中時(shí)刻將全面提高學(xué)生科學(xué)素養(yǎng)作為目標(biāo),將理論與實(shí)踐良好的結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì),并通過(guò)難能可貴的實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)對(duì)本文的研究成果進(jìn)行了實(shí)踐調(diào)研和分析。本研究在進(jìn)行的過(guò)程中分別使用了文獻(xiàn)綜述法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法以及行動(dòng)研究法,力求能夠最大限度的了解實(shí)踐效果,從而對(duì)其有效性進(jìn)行針對(duì)性的研究。在調(diào)研中發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)前中學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)比較模式化、機(jī)械化,盡管有較強(qiáng)的實(shí)用性,但是知識(shí)點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)化缺乏以及對(duì)學(xué)生能力的培養(yǎng)程度不夠。同時(shí)許多教師針對(duì)同一教學(xué)內(nèi)容用同一種教學(xué)模式面向全體學(xué)生,這不利于學(xué)生能力的培養(yǎng)和科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的提高。本研究在內(nèi)容方向上從力學(xué)到力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)的轉(zhuǎn)變,在模式上實(shí)現(xiàn)從物理課堂教學(xué)到物理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)的轉(zhuǎn)變,在形式上由課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)嶒?yàn)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)。筆者在設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中時(shí)刻從教材出發(fā),將課本中的力學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)作為一個(gè)整體,采用系統(tǒng)化的方法進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。同時(shí)本研究還結(jié)合了新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中的內(nèi)容,對(duì)其中的教學(xué)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了科學(xué)分析,從三個(gè)維度制定了目標(biāo),并選擇了六個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性的設(shè)計(jì)。這種思想主要是一種分解的思想,將一個(gè)一級(jí)課題分解成為了六個(gè)二級(jí)課題,并對(duì)經(jīng)過(guò)分解之后的子課題進(jìn)行了針對(duì)性的研究,對(duì)其中的教學(xué)案例有選擇性、針對(duì)性的進(jìn)行實(shí)施與評(píng)價(jià);根據(jù)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)的相關(guān)要求對(duì)如何培養(yǎng)學(xué)生們的教學(xué)素質(zhì)進(jìn)行了研究,提出了有效提高學(xué)生們科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的四種方式。力學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)研究表明:如果能夠使用良好的教學(xué)方式的話,將對(duì)學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)興趣的激發(fā)起到十分良好的作用,能夠幫助他們更好的理解課本中的知識(shí)點(diǎn)。同時(shí)還能幫助他們提高自身的課堂學(xué)習(xí)效率,從根本上對(duì)教學(xué)質(zhì)量以及科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的提高有著十分大的幫助作用。教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)研究為后續(xù)研究電學(xué)、熱學(xué)、光學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)提供思路和一些參考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, in order to improve the students' comprehensive quality effectively, our country has carried on the deepening reform to the previous teaching curriculum, among which the request for the physics experiment in the middle school has been raised gradually. It is based on this angle of view, this article chooses the mechanics experiment in the person education edition senior high school physics compulsory 1, the compulsory 2 and the elective 3-5 as the teaching design subject content, has applied the physics curriculum standard, the constructivism, the pragmatism pedagogy in the research process, Cognitive discovery learning theory, cooperative pedagogy theory, combined with the requirements of the relevant syllabus of the senior high school examination, the content of which is systematically designed with the modern teaching concept. In the process of design, the goal of improving students' scientific literacy is always taken as the goal, the theory and practice are well combined to design, and the research results of this paper are investigated and analyzed through valuable practical opportunities. In the course of this study, literature review method, questionnaire survey method and action research method are used respectively, in order to maximize the understanding of the practical effect, so as to conduct targeted research on its effectiveness. In the investigation, it is found that the experimental teaching in middle school is more stylized and mechanized, although it has strong practicability, but the systematization of knowledge points is lacking and the training degree of students' ability is not enough. At the same time, many teachers use the same teaching mode for the same teaching content, which is not conducive to the cultivation of students' ability and the improvement of scientific literacy. This research changes from mechanics to mechanics experiment in content direction, realizes the transformation from physics classroom teaching to physics experiment teaching in the mode, and changes from classroom teaching design to experimental teaching design in form. In the process of design, the author takes the experiment of mechanics in the textbook as a whole and designs it systematically. At the same time, this study also combines the content of the new curriculum standard, and carries on the scientific analysis to the teaching content, from three dimensions has formulated the goal, and has selected six experiments to carry on the systematic design. This kind of thought is mainly a kind of decomposition thought, has decomposed a primary topic into six secondary projects, and has carried on the pertinence research to the subtopic after the decomposition, has the selectivity to the teaching case. According to the relevant requirements of teaching design, this paper studies how to cultivate students' teaching quality, and puts forward four ways to effectively improve students' scientific literacy. The experimental teaching design of mechanics shows that if we can use good teaching methods, it will play a very good role in arousing students' interest in learning and help them understand the knowledge points in textbooks better. At the same time, it can also help them to improve their classroom learning efficiency, which is of great help to the improvement of teaching quality and scientific literacy. The teaching design research provides some ideas and some references for the teaching design of electrical, thermal and optical experiments.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G633.7

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