本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高中化學(xué)教科書 化學(xué)平衡 編排順序 學(xué)科內(nèi)容線索 認知過程線索　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：長久以來,我國的教科書制度為“一綱一本”,是基于在國家統(tǒng)一大綱或課程標準規(guī)范下的原則來編寫教科書的。特別是一些核心基礎(chǔ)課程(如語文、數(shù)學(xué)、外語等)基本上是全國統(tǒng)編教科書。2001年,教育部頒布的《基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革綱要(試行)》提出實行教科書編寫的多樣化:“實行國家基本要求指導(dǎo)下的教科書多樣化政策,鼓勵有關(guān)機構(gòu)、出版部門等依據(jù)國家課程標準組織編寫中小學(xué)教科書�！痹谶@種政策的指導(dǎo)下,近年來,我國教科書市場發(fā)展為了現(xiàn)在的在基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革綱要和課程標準的規(guī)范下,多種教科書并存的局面。在新課改的背景下,教科書順應(yīng)新課改的理念發(fā)生了很多變化,教科書角色的變化對教科書也提出了新的要求,教科書的選擇更多,各教科書的編寫理念更加新穎,形式更加生動。而從實際情況看來,在這些變化后面,教師作為教學(xué)活動的組織者和教科書的直接使用者之一,仍然存在許多困惑。雖然教科書的理念更先進,內(nèi)容更豐富,但在教學(xué)實踐中很多教師感覺“不好用”,主要體現(xiàn)在對新教科書所編排的教學(xué)內(nèi)容的順序的改變無所適從,以至于部分教師放棄使用或者很少使用,甚至轉(zhuǎn)而去尋找其他教學(xué)資料。這種情況不僅增加了教師的工作量,浪費了精心開發(fā)的教學(xué)資源,而且也不能保證新課改理念在實踐中實現(xiàn)。那么在這種情況下,可以通過哪些編排順序來組織教學(xué)內(nèi)容?如何通過這些編排順序來科學(xué)地、合理地組織教學(xué)內(nèi)容?怎樣的編排順序才能更好地促進學(xué)生的全面發(fā)展?研究教科書中某一教學(xué)內(nèi)容的編排順序是解決上述這些問題的必要的步驟和基礎(chǔ)。本研究提出了從學(xué)科內(nèi)容線索和認知過程線索兩個方面對國內(nèi)五套高中化學(xué)教科書“化學(xué)平衡”內(nèi)容的編排順序進行研究和分析,試圖為教師運用教科書提供依據(jù)和參考,從而更有效地組織課堂教學(xué)和提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量,同時也希望能夠為化學(xué)教科書編寫的研究提供一些經(jīng)驗和方法上的參考。本研究共分為四個部分,第一部分為第1章,主要為本研究問題的由來、與本研究有關(guān)的文獻綜述以及研究對象與方法等。第二部分為第2章,主要為本研究的研究工具的建立。第三部分為第3章至第7章,該部分是筆者對國內(nèi)5套化學(xué)教科書“化學(xué)平衡”內(nèi)容的編排順序的研究和分析第四部分為第8章,筆者在上述分析的基礎(chǔ)上,總結(jié)了5套教科書在“化學(xué)平衡”內(nèi)容的編排順序上的異同點,并為教科書的編寫提供了自己的一點拙見。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the textbook system of our country has been "one outline and one book", which is based on the principle of national unified syllabus or curriculum standard, especially some core basic courses (such as Chinese, mathematics, etc.). In 2001, the Ministry of Education promulgated the outline for the Reform of the Curriculum of basic Education (for trial implementation), proposing to implement the diversification of textbook compilation: "to implement the policy of textbook diversification under the guidance of the basic requirements of the state." Encouraging relevant institutions, publishing departments, etc., to organize the preparation of textbooks for primary and secondary schools in accordance with national curriculum standards... "under the guidance of this policy, in recent years, The development of the textbook market in our country is aimed at the coexistence of a variety of textbooks under the current norms of the basic education curriculum reform outline and the curriculum standard. Under the background of the new curriculum reform, many changes have taken place in the textbooks' concept of complying with the new curriculum reform. The changes in the role of textbooks have also put forward new requirements for textbooks, with more choice of textbooks, more novel ideas and more vivid forms for the compilation of textbooks. However, from the practical point of view, behind these changes, Teachers, as organizers of teaching activities and one of the direct users of textbooks, still have a lot of confusion. However, in teaching practice, many teachers find it difficult to use, mainly because they have no idea how to change the order of the teaching contents arranged in the new textbooks, so that some teachers give up using it or rarely use it. This situation not only increases the workload of teachers and wastes carefully developed teaching resources, but also does not guarantee the realization of the new curriculum reform concept in practice. In what order can teaching content be organized? How to organize the teaching content scientifically and reasonably through these arrangement order? What kind of arrangement order can promote the overall development of students better? The research on the arrangement and order of a certain teaching content in a textbook is the necessary step and foundation to solve these problems. This study puts forward five sets of chemistry teaching in senior high school in China from the aspects of subject content clue and cognitive process clue. The arrangement order of the contents of Chemical balance is studied and analyzed. This paper attempts to provide basis and reference for teachers to use textbooks so as to organize classroom teaching and improve teaching quality more effectively. At the same time, I also hope to provide some experience and methodological reference for the study of chemistry textbook. This study is divided into four parts, the first part is the first chapter, mainly for the origin of this research problem. The second part is chapter 2, mainly the establishment of research tools. The third part is chapters 3 to 7. This part is the author of five sets of chemical textbooks "chemical balance" content of the study and analysis of the arrangement of the content of the 4th part is the eighth chapter, the author on the basis of the above analysis, This paper summarizes the similarities and differences in the arrangement order of the contents of "chemical balance" in five sets of textbooks, and provides some humble opinions for the compilation of the textbooks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G633.8

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