本文關(guān)鍵詞：現(xiàn)行人教版初中《語(yǔ)文》文言課文“研討與練習(xí)”審視　出處：《湖南師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：語(yǔ)文乃“百科之母”,是學(xué)習(xí)其他課程的基礎(chǔ),同時(shí)也是社會(huì)交際的工具。語(yǔ)文教材在語(yǔ)文課程的學(xué)習(xí)中發(fā)揮著重要作用,它關(guān)系到課程的設(shè)計(jì)、組織和實(shí)施,更是教學(xué)目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)以及教學(xué)目的的達(dá)成的重要手段和途徑。語(yǔ)文教材由選文系統(tǒng)、助讀系統(tǒng)、知識(shí)系統(tǒng)和練習(xí)系統(tǒng)組成。練習(xí)系統(tǒng)是語(yǔ)文教材的重要組成部分,也是教師教學(xué)和學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的重要資源。編者通過設(shè)計(jì)練習(xí)題,一方面體現(xiàn)自己的意圖和目的,另一方面具有導(dǎo)教、導(dǎo)學(xué)、示范作用,無論對(duì)于教師的“教”還是學(xué)生的“學(xué)”都有舉足輕重的作用。然而,調(diào)查表明,當(dāng)前的語(yǔ)文教學(xué)實(shí)踐并未對(duì)教材中的“研討與練習(xí)”引起足夠的重視。無論是老師還是學(xué)生,都認(rèn)為練習(xí)的設(shè)置可有可無,練習(xí)沒有發(fā)揮其應(yīng)有的作用,造成資源的嚴(yán)重浪費(fèi)。究其根源,一是“研討與練習(xí)”設(shè)計(jì)自身有許多不足之處,二是教師和學(xué)生對(duì)“研討與練習(xí)”的特點(diǎn)以及使用方法不甚了解。本文通過對(duì)初中語(yǔ)文文言文“研討與練習(xí)”的探究與反思,希望可以引起教材編寫者的嚴(yán)肅對(duì)待,優(yōu)化文言文練習(xí)的設(shè)置,保證練習(xí)的質(zhì)量,促進(jìn)教材的完善,同時(shí)希望能夠引起教師和學(xué)生對(duì)“研討與練習(xí)”的重視,發(fā)揮練習(xí)的作用,提高文言文教學(xué)效率,增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)文學(xué)習(xí)興趣,改變文言文教學(xué)中“低、差、難”的教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀。本文以新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求為依據(jù),對(duì)現(xiàn)行人教版初中語(yǔ)文教材文言課文“研討與練習(xí)”進(jìn)行深入剖析,期望能夠?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)文教材的完善略盡綿薄之力。本文主要從三個(gè)方面展開論述。第一部分對(duì)“研討與練習(xí)”的基本概念進(jìn)行界定,對(duì)其意義和作用進(jìn)行探討,同時(shí)揭示了其指導(dǎo)思想。第二部分從“研討與練習(xí)”的題目類型、呈現(xiàn)方式、題目難度三個(gè)維度對(duì)“研討與練習(xí)”進(jìn)行全面關(guān)照和現(xiàn)狀辨析,審視其特色和不足。第三部分針對(duì)不足,提出改進(jìn)建議,“研討與練習(xí)”應(yīng)緊跟課標(biāo),更新理念;要貼近生活,豐富內(nèi)容;有情有趣,多樣呈現(xiàn)。本文采用了多種研究方法。一是理論分析法,運(yùn)用安德森目標(biāo)分類學(xué)將“研討與練習(xí)”進(jìn)行分類歸納;二是統(tǒng)計(jì)分析法,統(tǒng)計(jì)分析“研討與練習(xí)”的分布情況,以統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果為依據(jù)來審視“研討與練習(xí)”設(shè)置的優(yōu)劣,并針對(duì)不足,提出改進(jìn)措施;三是文獻(xiàn)研究法,通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)、書籍、報(bào)刊、雜志等渠道查閱前人研究成果,了解和掌握國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)現(xiàn)行人教版初中語(yǔ)文文言文“研討與練習(xí)”的研究,以借鑒和啟迪;四是綜合研究法,本文涉及多學(xué)科領(lǐng)域研究,需要借助教育學(xué)、心理學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)、信息論、系統(tǒng)論等學(xué)科的研究方法進(jìn)行綜合性研究。
[Abstract]:Chinese is the mother of encyclopedia, which is the basis of learning other courses and also the tool of social communication. Chinese textbooks play an important role in the study of Chinese curriculum, which is related to the design, organization and implementation of the curriculum. It is also an important means and means to achieve the goal of teaching. The Chinese textbook is composed of text selection system and reading aid system. The knowledge system and the practice system constitute. The practice system is an important part of the Chinese teaching material, and is also an important resource for teachers' teaching and students' study. On the one hand, the editor reflects his intention and purpose by designing exercises. On the other hand, it plays an important role in teaching, learning and demonstration, both for teachers'"teaching" and students'"learning". However, the investigation shows that. The current Chinese teaching practice does not pay enough attention to the "discussion and practice" in the textbook. Both teachers and students think that the setting of exercises is dispensable, and practice does not play its due role. Causes the serious waste of resources. To investigate its root, first, "discussion and practice" design itself has many shortcomings. Second, teachers and students do not know much about the characteristics and use of "discussion and practice". This paper explores and reflects on the classical Chinese "discussion and practice" in junior high school. Hope to cause serious treatment by textbook writers, optimize the setting of classical Chinese exercises, ensure the quality of practice, promote the improvement of teaching materials, and hope to cause teachers and students to pay attention to "discussion and practice". Play the role of practice, improve the teaching efficiency of classical Chinese, enhance the interest in Chinese learning, change the teaching situation of "low, bad, difficult" in classical Chinese teaching. This article is based on the requirements of the new curriculum standards. This paper makes a thorough analysis of the classical Chinese text "discussion and practice" in the current junior middle school Chinese teaching material. This paper mainly discusses from three aspects. The first part defines the basic concept of "discussion and practice", and discusses its significance and function. At the same time, it reveals its guiding ideology. The second part of the "discussion and practice" from the topic types, presentation methods, topic difficulty three dimensions of "discussion and practice" comprehensive care and analysis of the current situation. The third part aims at the deficiency, puts forward the improvement suggestion, "the discussion and the practice" should follow the curriculum standard closely, the renewal idea; To close to life, rich content; This paper adopts a variety of research methods. One is theoretical analysis, using Anderson's objective taxonomy to classify and summarize "discussion and practice"; The second is statistical analysis, statistical analysis of "discussion and practice" distribution, based on the statistical results to examine the advantages and disadvantages of "discussion and practice", and put forward improvement measures; Third, literature research method, through the network, books, newspapers, magazines and other channels to consult the previous research results, understand and master the current version of junior high school Chinese classical Chinese "discussion and practice" research. To learn from and enlighten; Fourth, the comprehensive research method, this paper involves the multi-disciplinary research, needs to use the pedagogy, the psychology, the sociology, the statistics, the information theory, the system theory and so on the discipline research method carries on the comprehensive research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G633.3

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