本文選題：理想主義 + 異化　； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：“理想主義意識形態(tài)”這個概念是從社會病理學(xué)的研究視角下提出的,在充分把握意識形態(tài)內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上,從人類歷史中的理想主義社會觀著手,步步深入理想主義意識形態(tài)的核心本質(zhì),探索形成它的社會基礎(chǔ)和它的實踐對社會發(fā)揮的功能。理想主義自古就有,是人類從自身狀況發(fā)展出來的對美好生活的向往和追求,其本質(zhì)是意識形態(tài)與社會存在嚴重相分離的產(chǎn)物——集體妄想癥,是病態(tài)社會心理。人在越殘酷的現(xiàn)實里,越是容易滋生妄想癥,脫離現(xiàn)實的理想賦予人們激情和沖動,影響人們對現(xiàn)實的客觀認知。理想主義意識形態(tài)是帶超現(xiàn)實傾向的思維模式體系,它基于人類對“普遍理性”的過分信任,對人類所掌握的理性抱有不切實際的幻想。政治理想主義、宗教理想主義、道德理想主義和社會理想主義是理想主義意識形態(tài)的主要類型。理想主義意識形態(tài)往往產(chǎn)生于經(jīng)濟貧困、極權(quán)政治、科學(xué)落后文化愚昧和封閉的社會、民族和相應(yīng)的社會階層,在人的武斷力量的干涉和操控下形成。上述條件是產(chǎn)生理想主義意識形態(tài)的經(jīng)濟、政治、文化等社會現(xiàn)實基礎(chǔ),這些基礎(chǔ)會造社會集體妄想癥、集體和個人崇拜等病態(tài)社會心理狀態(tài),通過集體無意識的作用,成為理想主義意識形態(tài)的社會心理基礎(chǔ)。作為有機體的社會共同體,社會與個人一樣都具有理想,即使是貧困、愚昧的人,也對美好的生活狀態(tài)充滿期待。這樣,個人的社會理想深深地根植于存在明顯局限性的人性之中,即知識的有限性和對完滿無限世界的向往和追求。理想主義意識形態(tài)最顯著的特點就是具有超越客觀現(xiàn)實的理想性,價值目標(biāo)與客觀現(xiàn)實的脫節(jié),是通過造成人和社會的異化發(fā)揮功能的。從理想主義意識形態(tài)的實踐對社會有機體和社會運行的效果來探討其社會功能,不難發(fā)現(xiàn)在政治、經(jīng)濟、文化領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生了消極影響。理想主義意識形態(tài)實行的絕對平均主義和計劃經(jīng)濟體制,加劇了社會的貧困;在脫離現(xiàn)實的政治理想、道德理想和社會理想破滅之后,造成廣泛的社會退行;文化禁錮導(dǎo)致貧困文化,造成人們的價值觀念和行為方式絕對化和狹隘化;超越現(xiàn)實基礎(chǔ)設(shè)置社會共同目標(biāo),缺乏實現(xiàn)的手段與途徑,會造成目標(biāo)理性異化為工具非理性的社會越軌行為;阻礙社會分工和社會分化,造成社會有機體的機械和僵化;無視個人價值,否認個人有差異的和不斷增長的物質(zhì)文化需求,導(dǎo)致人被異化為機器。它對社會發(fā)展的效果一言以蔽之:逆社會化,反社會分化。在不完滿的社會現(xiàn)實基礎(chǔ)和社會心理基礎(chǔ)上形成的理想主義意識形態(tài),既是社會有機體病變的原因,也是不可避免的結(jié)果,兩者互為條件和結(jié)果,互相加強,使社會共同體陷入惡性運行的循環(huán)之中,直至社會系統(tǒng)崩潰。
[Abstract]:The concept of "idealistic ideology" is put forward from the perspective of social pathology. On the basis of fully grasping the connotation of ideology, the concept of idealistic society in human history is started. Step by step go deep into the core essence of idealistic ideology and explore its social foundation and the function of its practice to the society. Idealism, which has existed since ancient times, is the yearning and pursuit of good life developed by human beings from their own situation. Its essence is the product of the serious separation of ideology and society-collective paranoia and morbid social psychology. The more cruel reality is, the easier it is to breed paranoia. The ideal of getting away from reality endows people with passion and impulse, and influences people's objective cognition of reality. Idealistic ideology is a system of thinking mode with surrealistic tendency. It is based on human's excessive trust in "universal rationality" and has unrealistic illusions about the rationality that human beings have mastered. Political idealism, religious idealism, moral idealism and social idealism are the main types of idealistic ideology. Idealistic ideology often comes from economic poverty, totalitarian politics, scientific backwardness and cultural ignorance and closed society, ethnic groups and corresponding social strata, under the interference and control of the arbitrary forces of human beings. The above conditions are the economic, political, cultural and other social realities that produce idealistic idealism, which can create social collective paranoia, collective and personality cult and other morbid social psychological states, through the role of collective unconscious. To become the social psychological basis of idealistic ideology. As an organic social community, society has the same ideals as individuals, even the poor, stupid people, but also full of expectations for a better life. In this way, the individual's social ideal is deeply rooted in the obvious limitation of human nature, that is, the limitation of knowledge and the yearning and pursuit of the perfect infinite world. The most remarkable feature of idealistic ideology is that it has the ideal of surpassing the objective reality, the disconnection between the value goal and the objective reality, and the disconnection between the value goal and the objective reality, which can bring into play its function through the alienation of human beings and society. From the effect of idealistic ideology on social organism and social operation, it is not difficult to find that it has a negative influence in the fields of politics, economy and culture. The absolute egalitarianism and planned economic system implemented by idealistic ideology have aggravated the poverty of the society, and caused widespread social retreat after the political ideal, moral ideal and social ideal which were divorced from reality were destroyed. Cultural imprison leads to the culture of poverty, which leads to the absolute and narrow of people's values and ways of behavior, sets common social goals beyond the realistic foundation, and lacks the means and means to achieve them. It can lead to the alienation of objective rationality into instrumental irrational social deviant behavior; hinder social division of labor and social division, resulting in mechanical and rigid social organisms; ignore individual values and deny individual differences and growing material and cultural needs. Leading to the alienation of human beings into machines. Its effect on social development in a word: anti-socialization, anti-social differentiation. Idealistic ideology, formed on the basis of imperfect social reality and social psychology, is not only the cause of social organic diseases, but also the inevitable result. Causes the social community to fall into the vicious movement cycle, until the social system collapses.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：B036

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本文編號：1953168