本文選題：俄國實(shí)踐哲學(xué) + 知識分子�。� 參考：《中共中央黨�！�2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：俄國實(shí)踐哲學(xué)是19世紀(jì)俄國社會歷史發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物，是在資本主義世界歷史形成時期俄國思想家對民族前途命運(yùn)反思、探索的理論成果。本文認(rèn)為，實(shí)踐哲學(xué)在19世紀(jì)俄國出現(xiàn)的歷史邏輯與實(shí)踐哲學(xué)本身的發(fā)展邏輯存在著較為密切的聯(lián)系。 本文圍繞19世紀(jì)俄國實(shí)踐哲學(xué)的源起、類別、觀點(diǎn)、特征、歷史價值和當(dāng)代反思等問題，，從四個方面分述如下。 第一章，集中探討19世紀(jì)俄國實(shí)踐哲學(xué)的社會基礎(chǔ)和思想淵源。本文認(rèn)為，19世紀(jì)俄國實(shí)踐哲學(xué)是俄國知識分子為了解決“俄國怎么辦？”的時代課題，倡導(dǎo)革命或改革，以批判專制、變革現(xiàn)實(shí)為旨趣，反對思辨空談的哲學(xué)潮流。關(guān)于它的社會基礎(chǔ)，本文主要從19世紀(jì)俄國政治上的沙皇專制集權(quán)體制、經(jīng)濟(jì)上的農(nóng)奴制、東正教的精神傳統(tǒng)等三個方面進(jìn)行了分析；關(guān)于思想根源，主要是通過梳理東正教在俄國產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展演變的歷程和俄國與西方“國家間交往”的文化融合過程進(jìn)行梳理和分析。 第二章，主要是從歷史和邏輯相統(tǒng)一的角度，介紹和概括實(shí)踐哲學(xué)的三大分支的產(chǎn)生及其基本觀點(diǎn)。本文認(rèn)為，產(chǎn)生于40年代的貴族知識分子倡導(dǎo)的是一種“精神實(shí)踐”哲學(xué)，出現(xiàn)于60年代的平民知識分子崇拜的是“暴力實(shí)踐”哲學(xué)，而崛起于80年代的馬克思主義知識分子所踐行的則是“斗爭實(shí)踐”哲學(xué)。他們分別圍繞要不要實(shí)踐、什么叫實(shí)踐、誰來實(shí)踐、如何實(shí)踐等重大問題，提出了各具特色的實(shí)踐哲學(xué)思想，而不同理論形態(tài)之間呈現(xiàn)出歷史和邏輯發(fā)展的內(nèi)在一致性。 第三章，立足當(dāng)代，分析19世紀(jì)俄國實(shí)踐哲學(xué)的歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)價值。本文認(rèn)為，19世紀(jì)俄國實(shí)踐哲學(xué)在“開啟民智、振奮精神”，“倡導(dǎo)行動、新辟路徑”，“明確方向、確定主體”，“催生激情、創(chuàng)立范本”等四個方面具有重要的歷史意義。關(guān)于現(xiàn)實(shí)意義和當(dāng)代反思，文章主要從“知識分子”、“實(shí)踐”、“革命后”等三個視角進(jìn)行了考察。 本文的結(jié)論是實(shí)踐哲學(xué)在俄國出出現(xiàn)的歷史順序與實(shí)踐哲學(xué)自身的邏輯演變具有一致性。
[Abstract]:Russian practical philosophy is the product of the development of Russian social history in the nineteenth Century. It is the theoretical result of the reflection and exploration of the Russian thinkers in the period of the history of the capitalist world. This article holds that the historical logic of the Russian practice in nineteenth Century has a close relationship with the development logic of the practice philosophy itself in the nineteenth Century.
Focusing on the origins, categories, viewpoints, characteristics, historical values and contemporary reflection of Russian practical philosophy in the nineteenth Century, the article is divided into four aspects as follows.
The first chapter focuses on the social basis and ideological origin of the Russian practical philosophy in nineteenth Century. This article holds that the Russian practical philosophy in nineteenth Century was the philosophical trend of the Russian intellectuals who advocated revolution or reform in order to solve the "how of Russia", to criticize autocracy, to change the reality as the purport, and to oppose the philosophical trend of thinking and empty talk. This article is based on the analysis of the three aspects of the Russian political czar autocratic centralization system, the economic serfdom and the spiritual tradition of the Orthodox Church in nineteenth Century. The ideological root is mainly through combing the origin of the Orthodox Church in Russia, the development and evolution of the Russian and the culture of the "intercourse" between Russia and the West. The process is combed and analyzed.
The second chapter, mainly from the point of view of the unification of history and logic, introduces and summarizes the emergence and basic viewpoints of the three branches of practical philosophy. This article holds that the aristocratic intellectuals in the 40s advocated a "spiritual practice" philosophy, and the popular intellectuals worship in the 60s was the "violent practice" philosophy. The Marx intellectuals who rose in the 80s have been practicing the philosophy of "struggle practice". They put forward the practical philosophy of practice, including the practice, the practice, the practice and the practice, and the internal consistency of the historical and logical development between the different theoretical forms.
The third chapter, based on the contemporary era, analyzes the historical and practical value of the Russian practical philosophy in nineteenth Century. This article holds that the Russian practical philosophy in nineteenth Century has important historical significance in the four aspects: "opening the wisdom of the people, inspiring the spirit", "advocating action, new path", "clear direction, determining the subject", "promoting passion, creating model", and so on. The practical significance and contemporary reflection are mainly viewed from three perspectives, namely, "intellectuals", "practice" and "Post Revolution".
The conclusion of this paper is that the historical order of the emergence of practical philosophy in Russia is consistent with the logical evolution of the philosophy of practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B512.4

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本文編號：1940995