本文選題：技術理性 + 新感性�。� 參考：《陜西師范大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：“技術”一詞是馬爾庫塞新感性思想研究中的一個核心的關鍵詞,馬爾庫塞的美學理論是建立在他對發(fā)達的資本主義工業(yè)社會深刻認識的基礎上。他認為由科學主導的工業(yè)社會,從本質(zhì)上說是一個“病態(tài)社會”,一方面發(fā)達的科學技術給現(xiàn)代人帶來了極大的物質(zhì)繁榮和物質(zhì)滿足,但另一方面現(xiàn)代社會進入了全面異化的階段,現(xiàn)存社會已成為一個單向度的社會。無論是政治制度、經(jīng)濟制度,還是科學、日常思維、工藝、藝術,毫無例外的趨向同一種姿態(tài),同一種聲音。 如何在現(xiàn)有狀況下看待技術,使人類既能得到應有的物質(zhì)需求滿足,同時又能獲得心靈的自由飛翔便是擺在人類面前的一個難題。在對這個文明社會的批判分析中,馬爾庫塞最終發(fā)現(xiàn),在現(xiàn)存社會中,科學合理性的持續(xù)施行,最終會達到一個極點,就是對整個社會及每個個體實行壓抑,同時使勞動日益機械化。然而,這個階段同樣也是科學合理性在其現(xiàn)存結構和方向中表現(xiàn)出的極限和目的。由此進一步的發(fā)展,便意味著“裂變”,也即意味著由量向質(zhì)的轉化。它將開啟在根本需求得以滿足的基礎上自由時間中的存在。在這些條件下,科學構想本身將會自由地實現(xiàn)超功利的目的,并會自由地達到超越了控制的必須和奢侈后的“生命藝術”。也就是說,技術的現(xiàn)實的完善,不僅是十分必要的條件,也是超越技術現(xiàn)實的理論核心。這不僅意味著占支配地位的科學的進化,也意味著作為整體的科學合理性的產(chǎn)生,這將是一種嶄新的科學概念。 馬爾庫塞的技術批判理論是以理性和感性的裂變?yōu)榍腥朦c的,把理性、感性及其關系的思考置于當代資本主義社會現(xiàn)實的考察中,從而展開對發(fā)達資本主義社會工業(yè)文明、文化和科學技術的整體性批判。 本文就是以新感性思想中的關鍵詞“技術”為基點,來研究馬爾庫塞的技術批判理論思想。為消除技術理性的奴役,馬爾庫塞提出了“新感性”思想,而這一思想建構的關鍵在于技術的變革,基于這樣的思想路線,文章主要分五個部分展開論述： 第一章主要是從技術研究的選題背景、課題意義以及研究方法等出發(fā)對論文所要論述的內(nèi)容和背景進行簡單介紹和簡要梳理,其中考察了馬爾庫塞感性思想中的技術問題的研究現(xiàn)狀。 第二章主要是基于在傳統(tǒng)批判理論基礎上論述馬爾庫塞的技術批判思想�，F(xiàn)存社會已成為一個單向度的社會。馬爾庫塞分別從政治制度、經(jīng)濟制度、科學、日常思維以及藝術等方面揭示現(xiàn)存社會中技術理性控制所達到的深度和廣度。 第三章主要基于批判基礎上的重建,系統(tǒng)地論述了馬爾庫塞的“新技術”思想。第一節(jié)主要論述了新技術在新感性思想中的定位,以尋求一種能給人類和自然帶來解放的新技術,從而闡釋新感性思想建構中技術所具有的的重要地位和作用；第二節(jié)主要論述了技術與藝術的親緣關系,從本源上追溯二者的關系,從而探求實現(xiàn)新技術的可能性；第三節(jié)主要強調(diào)美學化的技術構想,以技術的審美還原方式,恢復技術的價值和意義向度。 第四章在超越“技術理性批判”的基礎上,試圖尋找技術未來的發(fā)展方向。這部分主要是將辯證法擴展到技術本身,由此來論述新感性與新理性的一種辯證關系；并且拓展和推廣到技術與文化與社會的關系上,探究技術與藝術、技術與社會的相互整合和重塑。 結語部分,總結了馬爾庫塞的學術品格,并批判性地考察了其批判理論的具體貢獻、限度以及對未來理論研究的啟示作用。
[Abstract]:The word "technology" is a key key word in the study of Marcuse's new perceptual thought. Marcuse's aesthetic theory is based on his profound understanding of the developed capitalist industrial society. He thinks that the industrial society dominated by science is essentially a "sick society", on the one hand, the developed science and technology. It has brought great material prosperity and material satisfaction to modern people, but on the other hand modern society has entered a stage of comprehensive alienation. The existing society has become a unidirectional society. Whether it is the political system, the economic system, or the science, the daily thinking, the craft, the art, the same posture, the same voice without exception.
It is a difficult problem for mankind to see the technology in the present situation so that human beings can not only get the desired material needs, but also get the free flight of the mind. In the critical analysis of this civilized society, Marcuse finally finds out that in the existing society, the continuous implementation of scientific rationality will eventually be achieved. One pole is to repress the whole society and each individual, and to make the labor mechanized. However, this stage is also the limit and purpose of scientific rationality in its existing structure and direction. Under these conditions, the scientific concept itself will freely achieve the purpose of super utilitarianism, and will freely reach the "art of life" that transcends the need and luxury of control. In other words, the perfection of the reality of technology is not only a very necessary condition, but also a transcendence. The core of the theory of technical reality. This not only means the evolution of the dominant science, but also the emergence of the scientific rationality as a whole, which will be a new scientific concept.
Marcuse's theory of technical criticism is based on the fission of rationality and sensibility, and puts the thinking of rationality, sensibility and its relation to the reality of contemporary capitalist society, so as to launch a holistic criticism of the industrial civilization, culture and science and technology of the developed capitalist society.
This article is based on the key words "technology" in the new perceptual thought to study Marcuse's theory of technical criticism. In order to eliminate the servitude of technical rationality, Marcuse put forward the idea of "new sensibility", and the key to the construction of this thought lies in the transformation of technology, based on this ideological line, the article is divided into five parts. Unfold the discussion:
The first chapter is a brief introduction and brief introduction of the content and background of the thesis from the background of topic selection, significance and research methods of the research. The research status of the technical problems in Marcuse's perceptual thought is investigated.
The second chapter is mainly based on the traditional critical theory on the basis of Marcuse's technical criticism. The existing society has become a unidirectional society. Marcuse reveals the depth and breadth of the technical rationality control in the existing society from the aspects of political system, economic system, science, day-to-day thinking and art.
The third chapter, based on the reconstruction on the basis of criticism, systematically expounds Marcuse's thought of "new technology". The first section mainly discusses the orientation of new technology in the new perceptual thought, in order to seek a new technology that can emancipate human and nature, thus explaining the important position of technology in the construction of the new perceptual thought and the important position of the technology. The second section mainly discusses the relationship between technology and art, traces the relationship between the two, and explores the possibility of realizing the new technology. The third section mainly emphasizes the technical conception of aesthetics, and restores the value and significance of technology by the way of aesthetic reduction of technology.
The fourth chapter, on the basis of transcending the "critique of technical rationality", tries to find the direction of the future of technology. This part mainly extends the dialectics to the technology itself, and discusses the dialectical relationship between the new sensibility and the new reason, and extends and extends to the relationship between technology and culture and the society, and explores technology and technology and technology. The integration and remolding of society.
In the concluding part, it summarizes the academic character of Marcuse, and critically examines the specific contribution of his critical theory, the limitation and the inspiration to the future theoretical research.

【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B712.59

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相關期刊論文 前2條

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本文編號：1789458