發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-23 11:16

【摘要】：全氟化合物(perfluorinated componds, PFCs)是一類碳鏈上的氫原子全部或部分被氟原子取代的直鏈或支鏈有機(jī)氟化物。近年來,PFCs廣泛應(yīng)用于各類工業(yè)和各類消費(fèi)品中,在生物體和環(huán)境介質(zhì)中普遍存在,鑒于其對(duì)環(huán)境的污染及其生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),世界各國(guó)針對(duì)PFCs的報(bào)道屢見不鮮。本研究分析了天津成人發(fā)甲樣品中的總氟(total fluorine, TF)、可萃取的有機(jī)氟(extractable organic fluorine, EOF)和PFCs的殘留水平。同時(shí),分析了深圳市內(nèi)6區(qū)共12個(gè)位點(diǎn)的大氣和樹皮樣品中PFCs的殘留水平和分布特征,試圖發(fā)現(xiàn)其生物指示物。主要結(jié)果如下：(1)頭發(fā)、指甲中TF以無機(jī)氟(均值：2.0μg/g,4.5μg/g)為主,EOF(均值：0.7 μg/g,1.8 μg/g)為輔；頭發(fā)、指甲中可鑒別氟(identifiable fluorine, IF)分別占EOF的7.1%(2.6%～16%)和3.5%(1.1%～11%),顯示84%以上的EOF仍屬未知。發(fā)甲中PFCs殘留主要為中、短鏈PFCs,其中PFOS、PFOA、全氟壬酸為其主要?dú)埩舴N態(tài)。染燙頭發(fā)中TF, EOF, IF均顯著高于非染燙頭發(fā)(p0.05),但發(fā)甲中∑PFCs殘留未見性別間顯著性差異。指甲中∑PFCs和典型殘留PFOS均極顯著高于頭發(fā)(p0.01),是較頭發(fā)更靈敏的指示人體PFCs暴露水平潛在的生物指示物。(2)深圳大氣中PFCs以中短鏈PFCs (C≤10)為主,占∑PFCs的99%以上,其中PFOA為大氣中PFCs的主要?dú)埩舴N態(tài)。深圳市寶安區(qū)A1-A4位點(diǎn)大氣中PFCs較高,龍崗區(qū)的A10位點(diǎn)PFCs濃度最低(6.1 pg/m3)。種態(tài)間相關(guān)分析結(jié)果顯示,大氣中PFOS與PFOA以及PFDA與PFDoA分別呈正相關(guān)(p0.05),PFOA與PFBA、 PFPeA、PFHxA呈顯著正相關(guān)(p0.01),表明可能具有相似的污染來源。大氣中∑PFCs含量水平與同期PM 2.5(p0.05)及PM10的均值(p0.01)呈顯著正相關(guān),可能與二者具相似的排放來源和傳播途徑有關(guān)。(3)樹皮中PFCs殘留水平顯示,PFCs呈中鏈(7≤C≤10)短鏈(C≤6)長(zhǎng)鏈(C≥11)的分布,PFOA為主要?dú)埩舴N態(tài)。樹皮中PFCs殘留水平呈現(xiàn)寶安區(qū)B1～B4位點(diǎn)較高的特征,與大氣相似。相關(guān)分析結(jié)果顯示,大氣與樹皮中PFOA及∑PFCs呈顯著正相關(guān)(p0.01),且樹皮中∑PFCs與PM 2.5呈顯著正相關(guān)(p0.01),表明樟樹皮是一種潛在的指示大氣中PFCs污染程度的生物指示物。
[Abstract]:Perfluorinated compound (perfluorinated componds, PFCs) is a kind of straight chain or branched organic fluorides in which hydrogen atoms in carbon chains are replaced in whole or in part by fluorine atoms. In recent years, PFCs has been widely used in all kinds of industries and consumer goods, and is widely used in organisms and environmental media. In view of its pollution to the environment and its ecological risks, the reports on PFCs in various countries in the world are not uncommon. The residual levels of total fluorine (total fluorine, TF), extractable organic fluorine (extractable organic fluorine, EOF) and PFCs in adult hair A samples in Tianjin were analyzed. At the same time, the residual level and distribution of PFCs in atmospheric and bark samples of 12 sites in 6 districts of Shenzhen city were analyzed, and the biological indicator was attempted to be found. The main results were as follows: (1) Inorganic fluorine (, EOF (= 0.7 渭 g / g = 1.8 渭 g / g) was the main, EOF (in the hair (mean: 2.0 渭 g / g, 4.5 渭 g / g). Fluorine (identifiable fluorine, IF) in hair and fingernails accounted for 7.1% (2.6%) and 3.5% (1.1%) of EOF, respectively, indicating that more than 84% of EOF was still unknown. PFCs residues in hair armour were mainly medium, and PFOS,PFOA, perfluorononic acid was the main residual species of short chain PFCs,. TF, EOF, IF in perm hair was significantly higher than that in undyed perm hair (p0. 05), but there was no significant difference between sexes in 鈭，

本文編號(hào)：2351396