【摘要】：味精常作為鮮味添加劑用于烹飪美食中。味精經(jīng)胃腸道代謝后分解成的谷氨酸對機(jī)體有重要的生理作用,味精對機(jī)體可能存在損害作用,部分人在食用味精后會出現(xiàn)“中國餐館綜合癥”。本研究在實(shí)驗(yàn)動物基礎(chǔ)飼料中添加了1%味精.(MSG),觀察味精對普通雌鼠和哺乳母鼠及其子代的影響,為公眾合理膳食味精提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 第一部分：1%MSG對普通雌鼠Lee's指數(shù)(P0.05)、BMI(P0.01)心和腎的臟器指數(shù)(P0.05)有顯著影響,增加了白細(xì)胞、淋巴細(xì)胞絕對值(P0.01)、紅細(xì)胞(P0.05)和血紅細(xì)胞量(P0.01),升高了ALP、CR和UI值(P0.05),但是提高了普通雌鼠血清游離氨基酸、必需氨基酸和非必需氨基酸的含量(P0.05)。1%MSG對母鼠Lee's指數(shù)(P0.05)和BMI(P0.01)有顯著影響,對血小板分布寬度有影響(P0.05),使生化指標(biāo)ALP、CR和UI出現(xiàn)顯著性升高(P0.05),使血漿中總氨基酸、必需氨基酸、非必需氨基酸的含量下降。 第二部分：普通雌鼠1%MSG實(shí)驗(yàn)組肝臟細(xì)胞核偏小且不規(guī)整,肝板排列稍微凌亂,脂肪粒較空白對照組偏多,其間炎性細(xì)胞浸潤。哺乳母鼠1%MSG實(shí)驗(yàn)組肝臟細(xì)胞不太規(guī)正,肝板排列稍微凌亂,肝竇不算均勻,肝糖元和脂肪粒較空白對照組偏多,可見炎性細(xì)胞散布其中。表明1%MSG對肝臟可能造成損傷。 普通雌鼠和哺乳母鼠1%MSG實(shí)驗(yàn)組腎小球肥大,細(xì)胞增多,腎小囊較厚,內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞排列不規(guī)整,有脫落現(xiàn)象。表明1%MSG對腎臟可能造成損傷。 普通雌鼠實(shí)驗(yàn)組的十二指腸、空腸和回腸的粘膜完整,絨毛排列整齊,杯狀細(xì)胞清晰可見；與空白對照組相比,其絨毛更長,排列更加緊密。實(shí)驗(yàn)組粘膜厚度比空白對照組高,但無顯著性差異。哺乳母鼠性狀相同。表明1%MSG對腸道無損傷,并有促進(jìn)生長的作用。 第三部分：對實(shí)驗(yàn)組和空白組所生子鼠進(jìn)行觀察,子鼠Lee's指數(shù)和BMI指數(shù)存在顯著性差異,表明后代產(chǎn)生向心性肥胖；在神經(jīng)行為學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對照組有顯著差異。說明1%MSG對子鼠感覺運(yùn)動能力有一定影響；在曠場實(shí)驗(yàn)中,實(shí)驗(yàn)組子鼠跨越格子數(shù)、站立次數(shù)降低,排便數(shù)和捋毛次數(shù)升高,表明味精能導(dǎo)致子鼠的自主探索運(yùn)動活動能力減弱,并且有焦慮情緒；Morris水迷宮實(shí)驗(yàn)空白組與實(shí)驗(yàn)組差異不顯著,表明味精對子代學(xué)習(xí)記憶能力無影響。
[Abstract]:Monosodium glutamate is often used as a flavor additive in cooking. Glutamic acid decomposed from MSG after gastrointestinal metabolism has important physiological effects on the body. MSG may damage the body, and some people will develop "Chinese Restaurant Syndrome" after eating MSG. In this study, 1% monosodium glutamate (. (MSG),) was added to the basic diet of experimental animals to observe the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on female mice, lactating mothers and their offspring, and to provide scientific basis for a reasonable diet of MSG. The first part: 1%MSG had a significant effect on the Lee's index (P0.05), BMI (P0.01) of heart and kidney (P0.05), increased the absolute value of leukocyte and lymphocyte (P0.01). RBC (P0.05) and erythrocyte count (P0.01) increased ALP,CR and UI values (P0.05), but increased serum free amino acids in normal female rats. The contents of essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids (P0.05). 1%MSG had significant effects on Lee's index (P0.05) and BMI (P0.01), and on platelet distribution width (P0.05), which resulted in the biochemical index ALP,. CR and UI increased significantly (P0.05), which decreased the contents of total amino acids, essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids in plasma. The second part: the liver nucleus of 1%MSG group was small and irregular, the liver plate was disorganized, the fat granules were more than that of the blank control group, and the inflammatory cells infiltrated. In 1%MSG group, the liver cells were irregular, liver plates were disordered, hepatic sinusoids were not uniform, liver glycogen and fat granules were more than those in blank control group, inflammatory cells were scattered among them. This suggests that 1%MSG may damage the liver. The glomerular hypertrophy, increase of cells, thicker renal capsule, irregular arrangement of endothelial cells and abscission of endothelial cells were observed in normal female and lactating female 1%MSG experimental groups. This suggests that 1%MSG may damage the kidney. The mucous membrane of duodenum jejunum and ileum of normal female rats was complete the villi were arranged neatly and goblet cells were clearly visible. Compared with the blank control group the villi were longer and more closely arranged. The mucosal thickness in the experimental group was higher than that in the blank control group, but there was no significant difference. The traits of lactating female rats are the same. The results showed that 1%MSG had no injury to intestine and promoted growth. In the third part, the Lee's index and BMI index of the offspring of the experimental group and the blank group were observed, which indicated that the offspring had concentric obesity, and there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in neurobehavioral experiment. The results showed that 1%MSG had a certain effect on the sensory and motor ability of the mice. In the open field experiment, the number of mice crossing the grid, the number of standing decreased, the number of defecation and the number of hair smoothing increased in the experimental group, which indicated that monosodium glutamate (MSG) could lead to the weakening of autonomous exploring activity and anxiety. There was no significant difference between the blank group of Morris water maze experiment and the experimental group, which indicated that monosodium glutamate had no effect on learning and memory ability of offspring.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R153.1

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