【摘要】：目的通過(guò)對(duì)2016年寧夏朝覲人群生活方式的調(diào)查,了解回族生活方式的特點(diǎn),重點(diǎn)分析其生活方式與營(yíng)養(yǎng)狀況及血糖的關(guān)系,為揭示生活方式與營(yíng)養(yǎng)素?cái)z入、血糖的相關(guān)性提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。方法本研究采用橫斷面調(diào)查的方法,以2016年2324名寧夏朝覲人群為研究對(duì)象進(jìn)行調(diào)查。調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括問(wèn)卷調(diào)查、身體測(cè)量和實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢測(cè)。結(jié)果調(diào)查對(duì)象中每日飲水量不足1500mL人數(shù)比例為79.2%;每日餐次3餐及以上人數(shù)比例為78.8%;不吃奶類(lèi)及奶制品、蛋類(lèi)、豆類(lèi)及豆制品者、水果、肉者的人數(shù)比例分別為42.3%、30.0%、12.7%、3.2%和2.1%;11.6%的人有飲八寶茶的習(xí)慣;每日飲水量,每日餐次,是否吃蛋類(lèi)、奶類(lèi)及奶制品、豆類(lèi)及豆制品、飲八寶茶這六種飲食習(xí)慣在城鄉(xiāng)組別間均有差異,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);除脂肪、鐵的攝入量占DRIs的比例在100%以上外,其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)素均有不同程度的攝入不足,其中膳食纖維、鈣攝入量占DRIs比例最低,分別為28.4%和30.9%;農(nóng)村人群和城市人群在能量、蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪、碳水化合物、膳食纖維、鈣、鐵、鋅的攝入量上均有不同,差異有顯著性(P0.05)。98.4%的人群齋月進(jìn)行齋戒,54.7%的人群每天禮拜3次及以上。該人群吸煙率為3.7%,飲酒率為0.9%;體力活動(dòng)不足率為26.8%,體力活動(dòng)不足率在性別(χ2=94.772,P0.01)、城鄉(xiāng)(χ2=10.024,P0.01)間差異有顯著性;每天平均睡眠時(shí)間為(6.84±1.05)小時(shí),睡眠時(shí)間主要集中于6~8個(gè)小時(shí),睡眠不足率為40.7%;不同就餐次數(shù)組間脂肪的攝入量,是否吃蛋類(lèi)組間維生素A、維生素B1、維生素B2的攝入量,是否吃豆及豆制品組間脂肪、鐵的攝入量,以及是否吃奶及奶制品組間的碳水化合物、膳食纖維、鈣、鐵、鋅的攝入量均具有顯著性差異(P0.05)。糖尿病檢出率為11.1%,空腹血糖受損檢出率為17.8%。血糖異常的影響因素有年齡增高(OR=3.35,95%CI:1.39~8.08)、男性(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.12~1.63)和體力活動(dòng)不足(OR=1.25,95%CI:1.02~1.54)。結(jié)論寧夏朝覲人群具有回族穆斯林特有的生活方式;除脂肪、鐵外,其他營(yíng)養(yǎng)素均有不同程度的攝入不足,其中膳食纖維、鈣的攝入不足更為嚴(yán)重,農(nóng)村人群尤為突出;男性、城市人群體力活動(dòng)不足比例較高;睡眠時(shí)間不足率高于全國(guó)水平�？崭寡鞘軗p檢出率和糖尿病檢出率分別為17.8%、11.1%;年齡增高、男性和體力活動(dòng)不足是該人群患糖尿病的危險(xiǎn)因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the life style of the Hajj population in Ningxia in 2016, to find out the characteristics of the life style of the Hui nationality, and to analyze the relationship between the life style and the nutritional status and blood sugar, so as to reveal the relationship between the lifestyle and the intake of nutrients. The correlation of blood sugar provides basic data. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2324 Hajj pilgrims in Ningxia in 2016. The survey included questionnaires, physical measurements and laboratory tests. Results among the subjects, the ratio of the number of people drinking less than 1500mL per day was 79.2, the proportion of the number of people who ate 3 meals and more per day was 78.8%. The proportion of people who did not eat milk and dairy products, eggs, beans and bean products, fruits and meat were 42.3% and 30.037% respectively. The proportion of people who did not eat milk and dairy products, eggs, beans and bean products, fruit and meat were 3.2% and 2.1% respectively, and 11.6% of them had the habit of drinking Assorted Chinese Herbal Tea. Daily drinking water, daily meal, whether to eat eggs, milk and dairy products, beans and soy products, drinking Assorted Chinese Herbal Tea in the six dietary habits in urban and rural groups, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05); With the exception of fat, the proportion of iron intake to DRIs was more than 100%, and all other nutrients were deficient in varying degrees, among which dietary fiber and calcium accounted for the lowest proportion of DRIs, 28.4% and 30.9%, respectively. The intake of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, dietary fiber, calcium, iron and zinc were different between rural and urban population (P0.05). 98.4% of the population fasted during Ramadan. 54.7% of the population had three or more weeks a day. The smoking rate was 3.7, the drinking rate was 0.90.The insufficient rate of physical activity was 26.8.The insufficient rate of physical activity was significantly different between the sexes (蠂 ~ (2) (94.772) P 0.01), and between urban and rural areas (蠂 ~ (2) (蠂 ~ (2) (10.024) (P0.01). The average sleep time was (6.84 鹵1.05) hours, the sleep time was mainly concentrated in 6 ~ 8 hours, and the insufficient sleep rate was 40.7. The intake of fat between groups with different meal times, whether to eat vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 between egg groups, whether to eat fat and iron between soybean and bean products groups, The intake of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, calcium, iron and zinc in dairy and dairy groups were significantly different (P0.05). The detection rate of diabetes mellitus was 11. 1 and the rate of impaired fasting blood glucose was 17. 8%. The influencing factors of abnormal blood glucose were age increase (OR=3.35,95%CI:1.39~8.08), male (OR=1.35,95%CI:1.12~1.63) and physical inactivity (OR=1.25,95%CI:1.02~1.54). Conclusion the Hajj population in Ningxia has the unique lifestyle of Hui Muslims, except fat and iron, the intake of other nutrients is deficient, especially in the rural areas, especially in the rural areas. Male, the urban population physical activity insufficiency rate is higher, the sleep time insufficiency rate is higher than the national level. The prevalence rate of impaired fasting blood glucose and diabetes mellitus were 17.8 and 11.1.The age, male and physical inactivity were the risk factors of diabetes in this population.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R151.42

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