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用于脈沖電場滅菌的微系統(tǒng)的研究

發(fā)布時間:2018-09-19 20:26
【摘要】:近年來,用水環(huán)境不斷惡化,而人們對水質(zhì)的要求越來越高,飲用水中微生物的殺滅也變得越來越重要。傳統(tǒng)的滅菌方法,如化學(xué)滅菌法,會產(chǎn)生有毒副產(chǎn)物,難以滿足人們的健康要求,進(jìn)而出現(xiàn)了多種物理滅菌技術(shù)。其中電滅菌方法中的脈沖電場滅菌技術(shù)由于處理時間短、能效高、溫升小、無化學(xué)毒副產(chǎn)物等優(yōu)點,成為一種具有巨大發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ姆菬釡缇夹g(shù)。然而,傳統(tǒng)的脈沖電場滅菌系統(tǒng)需要能提供幾千伏甚至幾十千伏高壓的脈沖發(fā)生器,使得設(shè)備成本高,限制了其推廣應(yīng)用。為了解決這一問題,本文開展了用于脈沖電場滅菌的微系統(tǒng)的研究,通過電極間距的縮小可以大大降低所需脈沖電壓。在裝置研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以大腸桿菌為實驗對象,利用幾百伏的脈沖,實現(xiàn)了高效滅菌。 為了清楚了解脈沖電場殺菌操作的過程和為電脈沖殺菌微系統(tǒng)的研制做對照,本文先利用傳統(tǒng)的脈沖電場滅菌系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行實驗研究。研究結(jié)果表明,無論是模擬循環(huán)水處理的脈沖滅菌系統(tǒng),還是方波脈沖的靜態(tài)處理系統(tǒng),都需要幾千伏電壓才能獲得較好的滅菌效果。 隨后,本文研制了一種適于脈沖電場滅菌的柔性微芯片。通過COMSOL軟件仿真分析了平板-齒狀(PCT)電極、交叉梳狀(ICT)電極和對稱齒狀電極(SCT)三種電極結(jié)構(gòu),并加工了兩種電極結(jié)構(gòu)的芯片用于實驗研究。利用聚酰亞胺基底加工制作了柔性芯片,并在此基礎(chǔ)上制作了微處理室,搭建脈沖電場滅菌微系統(tǒng)實驗平臺,并對多種影響滅菌的參數(shù)進(jìn)行了研究。實驗結(jié)果證明,,電極結(jié)構(gòu)會對滅菌效果造成影響,其中PCT結(jié)構(gòu)比ICT結(jié)構(gòu)更優(yōu),這與仿真結(jié)果相符合。在基于PCT結(jié)構(gòu)的微系統(tǒng)中,200V方波脈沖作用于大腸桿菌懸液,就能獲得很好的滅菌效果。同時,高場強(qiáng)、寬脈寬、長的處理時間、成分簡單的緩沖液、處在早期生長狀態(tài)的細(xì)菌都對滅菌效果有增強(qiáng)作用。此外,基于微芯片的處理室利用介電電泳力,可將細(xì)菌富集到高場強(qiáng)區(qū)域,進(jìn)而獲得更好的滅菌效果。 最后,本文研制了靜態(tài)和連續(xù)的微間隙平板電極處理室,并分別搭建脈沖電場滅菌微系統(tǒng),進(jìn)行相關(guān)的滅菌實驗。實驗表明:對于銅電極的靜態(tài)滅菌系統(tǒng),電壓360V(電場20kV/cm),脈寬50μs,脈沖間隔200ms,50~100個脈沖的處理條件下,殺菌效果好;而對于銅電極的連續(xù)滅菌系統(tǒng),電參數(shù)不變,流量控制在200μL/min左右,也獲得了很好的滅菌效果。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the deterioration of the water environment and the increasing demand for water quality, the sterilization of microorganisms in drinking water has become more and more important. Pulsed electric field sterilization (PEF) has become a promising non-thermal sterilization technology due to its advantages of short processing time, high energy efficiency, low temperature rise and no chemical toxic by-products. However, the traditional PEF sterilization system needs to provide pulse generators with thousands or even tens of kilovolts of high voltage, which makes the equipment cost high and limits its push. In order to solve this problem, a micro-system for pulsed electric field sterilization has been developed in this paper. The required pulse voltage can be greatly reduced by reducing the electrode spacing.
In order to understand the sterilization process of pulsed electric field and compare with the development of ELECTROPULSED sterilization micro-system, the traditional pulsed electric field sterilization system was used to carry out experimental research. Pressure can achieve better sterilization effect.
Then, a flexible microchip suitable for pulsed electric field sterilization was developed. Three kinds of electrode structures, flat-tooth (PCT), cross-comb (ICT) and symmetrical toothed (SCT), were simulated and analyzed by COMSOL software, and two kinds of electrode structures were fabricated for experimental research. The experimental results show that the electrode structure will affect the sterilization effect, and the PCT structure is better than the ICT structure, which is consistent with the simulation results. At the same time, high field strength, wide pulse width, long treatment time, simple composition buffer, bacteria in the early growth state can enhance the sterilization effect. In addition, the processing chamber based on microchip can enrich bacteria to the bacteria by dielectric electrophoresis force. High field strength area and better sterilization effect.
Finally, the static and continuous micro-gap plate electrode processing chamber was developed, and the pulsed electric field sterilization micro-system was set up to carry out the relevant sterilization experiments. The experimental results showed that the sterilization effect of static sterilization system of copper electrode under the conditions of voltage 360V (electric field 20kV/cm), pulse width 50us, pulse interval 200ms, 50-100 pulses. Good; for the continuous sterilization system with copper electrode, the electrical parameters remain unchanged, and the flow rate is controlled at about 200 mu L/min, which also achieves good sterilization effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:R123.1

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