【摘要】：目的：(1)測定并比較個吞豆復合包和全谷物玉米中總膳食纖維、可溶性膳食纖維和不可溶性膳食纖維的含量。確定提取膳食纖維的最佳工藝,并且測定提取所得膳食纖維的理化性質。(2)觀察并比較全谷豆復合包、全谷豆復合包膳食纖維和全谷物全谷物玉米膳食纖維對于高脂高膽固醇飼料誘導脂代謝紊亂大鼠血脂及其肝臟脂肪酸合成酶(fatty acid synthase,FAS)活性的影響,并觀察其對大鼠肝組織固醇調(diào)節(jié)元件結合蛋自-1c (sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c, SREBP-1c) mRNA表達的調(diào)控作用。 方法：(1)采用酶-化學法提取個谷豆復合包和全谷物玉米中總膳食纖維,采用酶-重量法測定其中膳食纖維的含量。(2)50只SD大鼠適應性喂養(yǎng)1周后,斷尾取血,收集血清,測定總膽固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白固醇(HDL-C)和空腹血糖(FBG)。并以總膽固醇(TC)水平,隨機分成陰性組、高脂模型組、全谷豆復合包組、全谷豆復合包膳食纖維組和全谷物玉米膳食纖維組。參照AIN-93M配方配制陰性組飼料,在此基礎上增加10%飽和脂肪酸和1.5%膽固醇制成高脂模型組飼料、全谷豆復合包組飼料、全谷豆復合包膳食纖維組飼料和全谷物玉米膳食纖維組飼料。(3)連續(xù)喂養(yǎng)8周后,測定各組大鼠TC、TG、FBG和HDL-C。動物處死后,取-葉肝臟以10%甲醛固定,HE染色,光鏡下觀察肝臟脂肪變性情況。(4)采用雙抗體兩步夾心酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(Elisa)測定各組大鼠肝臟脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)活性。(5)應用半定最逆轉錄-聚合酶鏈反應(RT-PCR)方法測定各組大鼠肝臟SREBP-1c的mRNA。 結果：(1)每100g全谷豆復合包平均可以提取得到14.58膳食纖維；每100g個谷物玉米平均可以提取得到5g膳食纖維。(2)每100g個谷豆復合包含總膳食纖維(total dietary fiber, TDF)15.3g、不可溶性膳食纖維(insoluble dietary fiber, IDF)13.97g和可溶性膳食纖維(soluble dietary fiber, SDF)1.33g;每100g全谷物玉米粉中含TDF9.1g、IDF8.10g、 SDF0.996g。(3)全谷豆復合包DF和全谷物玉米DF的膨脹力分別為：10.19ml/g和8.1ml/g;持水力：8.83g/g和7.7g/g;不飽和脂肪的吸附力：1.64g/g和1.05g/g;飽和脂肪的吸附力：1.89g/g和1.2g/g。(4)動物實驗結果表明：與陰性對照組織相比,高脂模型的大鼠血潔TCTG、FBG和LDL-C水平顯著升高(p0.05)；萬高脂模型組相比,全谷豆復合包藥組、全豆復合包膳食纖維組和全谷物玉米膳食纖維組實驗大鼠血清rC、TG、FBG和LDL-C水平顯著降低(P0.05);全谷豆復合包組、全谷豆復合包膳食纖維組和全谷物玉米膳食纖維組實驗大鼠血清HDL-C水平顯著高于高脂模型組；(5)實驗大鼠HE切片結果顯示,全谷豆復合包組、全谷豆復合包膳食纖維組和全谷物玉米膳食纖維組可以顯著減輕大鼠肝臟脂肪變性的程度。(6)全谷豆復合包組、全谷豆復合包膳食纖維組和全谷物玉米膳食纖維組大鼠肝臟FAS活性顯著低于高脂模型組；大鼠肝臟組織的SREBP-lc的表達顯著降低。 結論：(1)全谷豆復合包中含豐富的膳食纖維,約是全谷物玉米的1.7倍,且其膳食纖維的得率約是全谷物玉米膳食纖維5倍,主要可能原因是全谷物玉米中含大量的淀粉較難去除。(2)用酶-化學法提取的DF理化性質較好,提取得率較高,并且其純度較高。(3)全谷豆復合包膳食纖維具有改善脂代謝紊亂大鼠的血脂水平。(4)全谷豆復合包膳食纖維可以降低FAS的活性,并且可以降低實驗大鼠肝臟SREBP-lc的表達水平。
[Abstract]:OBJECTIVE: (1) To determine and compare the contents of total dietary fiber, soluble dietary fiber and insoluble dietary fiber in whole-grain corn and whole-bean composite package, determine the optimum extraction technology of dietary fiber, and determine the physicochemical properties of the extracted dietary fiber. (2) To observe and compare the dietary fiber of whole-grain bean composite package and whole-grain bean composite package. Effects of whole-grain corn dietary fiber and whole-grain corn dietary fiber on serum lipids and fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity in liver of rats with lipid metabolism disorder induced by high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, and its effect on sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) mRNA in rat liver tissue were observed. Regulation of expression.
METHODS: (1) Total dietary fiber was extracted by enzyme-chemical method from whole-grain corn and whole-grain corn, and the content of dietary fiber was determined by enzyme-gravimetric method. (2) Blood samples were collected from tail of 50 SD rats after one week of adaptive feeding, and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein sterol (HDL-C) and fasting blood glucose (FB) were measured. G) and total cholesterol (TC) levels were randomly divided into negative group, high-fat model group, whole-grain-soybean composite package group, whole-grain-soybean composite package dietary fiber group and whole-grain corn dietary fiber group. (3) After 8 weeks of continuous feeding, TC, TG, FBG and HDL-C of rats in each group were determined. The liver was fixed with 10% formaldehyde and stained with HE. The fatty degeneration of liver was observed under light microscope. (5) The mRNA of SREBP-1c in rat liver was determined by semi-definite reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
Results: (1) The average dietary fiber was 14.58 per 100 g of whole grains and beans, and 5 g per 100 g of corn. (2) The total dietary fiber (TDF), insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and soluble dietary fiber (SDF) were 15.3 g, 13.97 g and 100 g of whole grains and beans respectively. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF) 1.33 g; TDF 9.1 g, IDF 8.10 g, SDF 0.996 g per 100 g whole grain corn flour; swelling power of whole grain and soybean composite coating DF and whole grain corn DF were 10.19 ml/g and 8.1 ml/g; water holding capacity: 8.83 g/g and 7.7 g/g; adsorption capacity of unsaturated fat: 1.64 g/g and 1.05 g/g; adsorption capacity of saturated fat: 1.89g/g and 8.89 g/g, respectively. The results of 1.2g/g. (4) Animal experiment showed that the levels of TCTG, FBG and LDL-C in serum of rats with hyperlipidemia model were significantly higher than those of rats with negative control group (p0.05); compared with those of rats with hyperlipidemia model, the levels of rC, TG, FBG and LDL-C in serum of rats with whole-grain-soybean composite dietary fiber group, whole-bean composite dietary fiber group and whole-grain corn dietary fiber group were significantly higher. The serum HDL-C levels of rats in the whole-grain-soybean dietary fiber group, the whole-grain-soybean dietary fiber group and the whole-grain-corn dietary fiber group were significantly higher than those in the high-fat model group. (5) HE slices of the experimental rats showed that the whole-grain-soybean dietary fiber group, the whole-grain-soybean dietary fiber group and the whole-grain-corn dietary fiber group could be significantly higher than the whole-grain-soybean dietary fiber group. (6) The activity of FAS in rat liver was significantly lower than that in the high-fat model group, and the expression of SREBP-lc in rat liver was significantly lower in the whole-grain-soybean complex group, the whole-grain-soybean complex dietary fiber group and the whole-grain-corn dietary fiber group.
CONCLUSIONS: (1) The whole grain and soybean complex package contains about 1.7 times as much dietary fiber as whole grain corn, and the yield of dietary fiber is about 5 times as much as that of whole grain corn. The main reason may be that it is difficult to remove starch from whole grain corn. (2) The physicochemical properties of DF extracted by enzyme-chemical method are better, and the extraction rate is higher. (3) Whole-grain-bean dietary fiber could improve the blood lipid level of rats with lipid metabolism disorder. (4) Whole-grain-bean dietary fiber could decrease the activity of FAS and the expression of SREBP-lc in the liver of experimental rats.
【學位授予單位】：揚州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R151

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