白菜、豆角對大鼠甲狀腺的影響及初步機(jī)理探討
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-16 20:44
【摘要】：目的通過富硫氰酸鹽類(白菜)、類黃酮類(豆角)食物對大鼠甲狀腺短期(30天)和長期(90天)作用的觀察,結(jié)合對大鼠食物利用率、血常規(guī)、血生化、臟器系數(shù)、抗氧化能力、靶器官損傷的組織病理學(xué)等方面的影響,綜合探討此類植物化合物來源食物搭配對機(jī)體的影響作用,為合理利用該類食物提供參考。 方法模擬人實(shí)際食物類別、攝食途徑及劑量,給予實(shí)驗(yàn)大鼠不同劑量單一或聯(lián)合富硫氰酸鹽類(白菜)、類黃酮類(豆角)食物,在自由飲食的情況下,進(jìn)行短期(30天)和長期(90天)喂養(yǎng),記錄每日進(jìn)食量與體重,計(jì)算食物利用率。實(shí)驗(yàn)期不同階段(30天、60天、90天),腹主動脈采血,檢測血常規(guī)、血生化、甲狀腺功能、心肌酶學(xué)等指標(biāo)；處死動物,立即剝離甲狀腺、肝臟、腎臟、心臟、胸腺、脾臟等臟器,計(jì)算臟器系數(shù)；并對甲狀腺固定送檢生物透射電鏡。制備甲狀腺組織成單細(xì)胞懸液,使用流式細(xì)胞術(shù)分析DNA指數(shù)和細(xì)胞周期。 結(jié)果 一、短期喂養(yǎng)(30天)發(fā)現(xiàn) 1.在食物利用率方面,各實(shí)驗(yàn)因素對大鼠進(jìn)食量影響不明顯,HG組在實(shí)驗(yàn)第一周略有下降,但隨實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)程延長,后期與其余各組比較差異不明顯。 2.在血常規(guī)方面,CG、BG、LG組HCT高于NG組(P0.01,P0.05)；CG組MCHC低于NG組(P0.05)；NG組WBC高于其余五組,其中與LG、HG組比較P0.05；NG組GRA低于其余五組,其中與BG、HG組比較P0.05,與CG、LG組比較P0.01；NG組LYM高于其它五組,其中與MG組比較P0.05,與CG、BG、LG組比較P0.01。 3.在肝腎功能方面,肝ALT/AST各實(shí)驗(yàn)組與NG組相比顯著減少(P0.01)；TBIL各組與NG組相比均有所減少,CG、BG、MG、HG更為明顯(P0.01)；血清BUN BG、LG、MG、HG與NG組相比顯著增加(P0.05、P0.01、P0.05、P0.05)。 4.在臟器系數(shù)方面,CG、BG、HG組大鼠肝臟系數(shù)與NG組比較顯著降低(P0.05、P0.01、P0.05)；腎臟系數(shù)變化不明顯。 5.在抗氧化能力方面,LG組血清總SOD活性低于CG和BG組(P0.05),CG、BG組血清GSH-Px活性高于其他各組(P0.05),HG組血清MDA含量高于NG組和BG組(P0.05),BG組血清MDA含量低于CG、LG、MG、HG組(P0.05)。 6.在甲狀腺方面,BG、HG組大鼠甲狀腺臟器系數(shù)與NG比較顯著增加(P0.05,P0.01),其它組影響不明顯；一般病理切片各組均未見明顯甲狀腺腫,但CG、BG、HG組與NG組比較可觀察到細(xì)胞間結(jié)締組織增生,HG較CG、BG增生更為明顯；透射電鏡下聯(lián)合各劑量組與BG、CG比較,可觀察到粗面內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)脫顆粒、線粒體嵴消失現(xiàn)象,個別細(xì)胞高爾基復(fù)合體不規(guī)則,而與NG比較,各組上述變化均較明顯。同時發(fā)現(xiàn)FT4在BG、HG組水平均低于NG(P0.05,P0.01)。 二、長期喂養(yǎng)(90天)結(jié)果顯示： 1.從食物利用率分析,各組在喂養(yǎng)11周內(nèi)有一定降低,后略有上升(P0.01)。 2.白菜、豆角對大鼠血常規(guī)及血生化影響不明顯。 3.從臟器系數(shù)分析,胸腺系數(shù)MG、HG組明顯低于CG(P0.01)；心臟系數(shù)LG、MG組高于NG組,MG組低于BG組(P0.05)；脾臟系數(shù)MG組低于NG、CG、HG組(P0.05)；肝臟系數(shù)BG組高于CG組(P0.05)。 4.從抗氧化能力分析,總SOD MG組低于BG、LG組(P0.05),Cu-Zn SODMG組低于NG組(P0.05)。 5.在甲狀腺方面,從結(jié)構(gòu)分析,甲狀腺系數(shù)NG、CG、LG、MG組90天高于30天(P0.01)和60天(P0.05)。細(xì)胞周期MG組G2期細(xì)胞較BG組增多(P0.05)。從甲狀腺功能分析,TG、TM、TPO抗體均為陰性,排除自身免疫性甲狀腺損傷。隨著時間增長FT3在LG組影響明顯(P0.05),且CG、BG、LG組60天高于30天(P0.05),LG組90天高于30天(P0.05)。TSH60天HG組高于CG、LG、MG(P0.05),MG組60天低于30天(P0.05)。 結(jié)論綜合各項(xiàng)指標(biāo),發(fā)現(xiàn)在正常攝食劑量情況下,白菜、豆角組合的硫氰酸鹽類、類黃酮類食物搭配對機(jī)體無不良影響。隨著累計(jì)攝入劑量的增加,搭配對機(jī)體表現(xiàn)出一定的不良作用,主要表現(xiàn)在對甲狀腺的組織結(jié)構(gòu)及功能方面的損傷,其次對肝腎功能及抗氧化功能均有不同程度的影響。提示人群在日常生活中應(yīng)當(dāng)注意富含硫氰酸鹽類、類黃酮類植物化學(xué)物來源的食物相互搭配以及攝入量,尤其對于存在甲狀腺疾病和相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)性病史的人群,應(yīng)適當(dāng)控制此類食物攝食量及頻率。
[Abstract]:Objective To investigate the effects of thiocyanates (Chinese cabbage) and flavonoids (beans) on short-term (30-day) and long-term (90-day) thyroid function in rats, and to explore the sources of these plant compounds in combination with the effects of food availability, blood routine, blood biochemistry, organ coefficient, antioxidant capacity, and histopathology of target organ injury in rats. The influence of food collocation on the body provides reference for the rational use of this kind of food.
Methods Simulating the actual human food type, feeding route and dosage, the rats were given different doses of single or combined thiocyanate-rich food (cabbage), flavonoids (beans) in the free diet, short-term (30 days) and long-term (90 days) feeding, recording daily food intake and weight, calculating the food utilization rate. (30 days, 60 days, 90 days), abdominal aorta blood collection, blood routine, blood biochemical, thyroid function, myocardial enzymes and other indicators; execute animals, immediately stripped thyroid, liver, kidney, heart, thymus, spleen and other organs, calculate the coefficient of organs; and thyroid fixed biotransmission electron microscopy. DNA index and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Result
1. Short term feeding (30 days) found
1. In terms of food use efficiency, the experimental factors had no significant effect on the intake of rats. HG group slightly decreased in the first week of the experiment, but with the extension of the experimental process, there was no significant difference between the other groups in the later period.
2. In blood routine, HCT in CG, BG, LG group was higher than that in NG group (P 0.01, P 0.05); MCHC in CG group was lower than that in NG group (P 0.05); WBC in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with LG, HG group; GRA in NG group was lower than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with BG, HG group, P 0.05, P 0.01 compared with CG, LG group; LYM in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with MG, CG, BG, LG, LG group. Compare P0.01.
3. In terms of liver and kidney function, ALT/AST decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); CG, BG, MG, HG decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); serum BUN BG, LG, MG, HG increased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05, P 0.05).
4. The liver coefficient of CG, BG and HG group was significantly lower than that of NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05), and the kidney coefficient was not significantly changed.
5. The total SOD activity in LG group was lower than that in CG and BG group (P 0.05). The GSH-Px activity in CG and BG group was higher than that in other groups (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in HG group was higher than that in NG group and BG group (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in BG group was lower than that in CG, LG, MG and HG group (P 0.05).
6. In the aspect of thyroid, the coefficient of thyroid organs in BG, HG group was significantly higher than that in NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01), but the effect of other groups was not obvious; no obvious goiter was found in general pathological sections, but the proliferation of intercellular connective tissue was observed in CG, BG, HG group compared with NG group, and the proliferation of HG was more obvious than that of CG and BG under transmission electron microscope. Compared with BG and CG, rough endoplasmic reticulum degranulation and mitochondrial ridge disappearance were observed in the dose group, and the Golgi complex was irregular in some cells. Compared with NG, the above changes were more obvious in each group.
Two, long-term feeding (90 days) showed that:
1. from the analysis of food utilization rate, each group decreased within 11 weeks of feeding, and then increased slightly (P0.01).
2. cabbage and beans had no obvious effect on blood routine and blood biochemistry in rats.
3. From the analysis of organ coefficient, thymus coefficient MG, HG group was significantly lower than CG (P 0.01); heart coefficient LG, MG group was higher than NG group, MG group was lower than BG group (P 0.05); spleen coefficient MG group was lower than NG, CG, HG group (P 0.05); liver coefficient BG group was higher than CG group (P 0.05).
4. from the analysis of antioxidant capacity, the total SOD MG group was lower than that of BG, LG group (P0.05), Cu-Zn SODMG group was lower than NG group (P0.05).
5. In the aspect of thyroid structure, the thyroid coefficient of NG, CG, LG, MG group was higher than 30 days (P 0.01) and 60 days (P 0.05). The G2 phase cells of MG group were more than that of BG group (P 0.05). From the analysis of thyroid function, TG, TM, TPO antibodies were all negative, excluding autoimmune thyroid injury. BG, LG group 60 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05), LG group 90 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05). TSH 60 days HG group higher than CG, LG, MG (P 0.05), MG group 60 days lower than 30 days (P 0.05).
Conclusion The results showed that the combination of thiocyanates and flavonoids in Chinese cabbage, soybean and soybean had no harmful effects on the body under the normal intake dose. It suggests that people should pay attention to the food rich in thiocyanates, flavonoids and phytochemicals, and their intake, especially for people with thyroid diseases and related basic diseases. Quantity and frequency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R151
本文編號：2244733
[Abstract]:Objective To investigate the effects of thiocyanates (Chinese cabbage) and flavonoids (beans) on short-term (30-day) and long-term (90-day) thyroid function in rats, and to explore the sources of these plant compounds in combination with the effects of food availability, blood routine, blood biochemistry, organ coefficient, antioxidant capacity, and histopathology of target organ injury in rats. The influence of food collocation on the body provides reference for the rational use of this kind of food.
Methods Simulating the actual human food type, feeding route and dosage, the rats were given different doses of single or combined thiocyanate-rich food (cabbage), flavonoids (beans) in the free diet, short-term (30 days) and long-term (90 days) feeding, recording daily food intake and weight, calculating the food utilization rate. (30 days, 60 days, 90 days), abdominal aorta blood collection, blood routine, blood biochemical, thyroid function, myocardial enzymes and other indicators; execute animals, immediately stripped thyroid, liver, kidney, heart, thymus, spleen and other organs, calculate the coefficient of organs; and thyroid fixed biotransmission electron microscopy. DNA index and cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry.
Result
1. Short term feeding (30 days) found
1. In terms of food use efficiency, the experimental factors had no significant effect on the intake of rats. HG group slightly decreased in the first week of the experiment, but with the extension of the experimental process, there was no significant difference between the other groups in the later period.
2. In blood routine, HCT in CG, BG, LG group was higher than that in NG group (P 0.01, P 0.05); MCHC in CG group was lower than that in NG group (P 0.05); WBC in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with LG, HG group; GRA in NG group was lower than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with BG, HG group, P 0.05, P 0.01 compared with CG, LG group; LYM in NG group was higher than that in other five groups, including P 0.05 compared with MG, CG, BG, LG, LG group. Compare P0.01.
3. In terms of liver and kidney function, ALT/AST decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); CG, BG, MG, HG decreased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.01); serum BUN BG, LG, MG, HG increased significantly compared with NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05, P 0.05).
4. The liver coefficient of CG, BG and HG group was significantly lower than that of NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01, P 0.05), and the kidney coefficient was not significantly changed.
5. The total SOD activity in LG group was lower than that in CG and BG group (P 0.05). The GSH-Px activity in CG and BG group was higher than that in other groups (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in HG group was higher than that in NG group and BG group (P 0.05). The serum MDA content in BG group was lower than that in CG, LG, MG and HG group (P 0.05).
6. In the aspect of thyroid, the coefficient of thyroid organs in BG, HG group was significantly higher than that in NG group (P 0.05, P 0.01), but the effect of other groups was not obvious; no obvious goiter was found in general pathological sections, but the proliferation of intercellular connective tissue was observed in CG, BG, HG group compared with NG group, and the proliferation of HG was more obvious than that of CG and BG under transmission electron microscope. Compared with BG and CG, rough endoplasmic reticulum degranulation and mitochondrial ridge disappearance were observed in the dose group, and the Golgi complex was irregular in some cells. Compared with NG, the above changes were more obvious in each group.
Two, long-term feeding (90 days) showed that:
1. from the analysis of food utilization rate, each group decreased within 11 weeks of feeding, and then increased slightly (P0.01).
2. cabbage and beans had no obvious effect on blood routine and blood biochemistry in rats.
3. From the analysis of organ coefficient, thymus coefficient MG, HG group was significantly lower than CG (P 0.01); heart coefficient LG, MG group was higher than NG group, MG group was lower than BG group (P 0.05); spleen coefficient MG group was lower than NG, CG, HG group (P 0.05); liver coefficient BG group was higher than CG group (P 0.05).
4. from the analysis of antioxidant capacity, the total SOD MG group was lower than that of BG, LG group (P0.05), Cu-Zn SODMG group was lower than NG group (P0.05).
5. In the aspect of thyroid structure, the thyroid coefficient of NG, CG, LG, MG group was higher than 30 days (P 0.01) and 60 days (P 0.05). The G2 phase cells of MG group were more than that of BG group (P 0.05). From the analysis of thyroid function, TG, TM, TPO antibodies were all negative, excluding autoimmune thyroid injury. BG, LG group 60 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05), LG group 90 days higher than 30 days (P 0.05). TSH 60 days HG group higher than CG, LG, MG (P 0.05), MG group 60 days lower than 30 days (P 0.05).
Conclusion The results showed that the combination of thiocyanates and flavonoids in Chinese cabbage, soybean and soybean had no harmful effects on the body under the normal intake dose. It suggests that people should pay attention to the food rich in thiocyanates, flavonoids and phytochemicals, and their intake, especially for people with thyroid diseases and related basic diseases. Quantity and frequency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R151
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