本文選題：麻疹 + 流行病學(xué)特征��； 參考：《現(xiàn)代預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年01期

【摘要】：目的分析西安市2005-2015年麻疹流行特征,為制定針對性的防控措施提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法采用描述流行病學(xué)方法對2005-2015年西安市麻疹發(fā)病資料進(jìn)行分析,應(yīng)用SPSS 22.0進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。結(jié)果 2005-2015年西安市共報(bào)告麻疹病例2 423例,年均發(fā)病率為2.72/10萬,發(fā)病率整體呈下降趨勢(趨勢=4 268.84,P0.001),但近三年來麻疹發(fā)病率呈上升趨勢;各年份發(fā)病均有一定的季節(jié)性且高峰主要集中在3~7月;中心城區(qū)(3.59/10萬)、城鄉(xiāng)結(jié)合區(qū)(3.28/10萬)的年均發(fā)病率均明顯高于郊縣(1.51/10萬);1歲組的年均發(fā)病率最高(80.51/10萬),其病例構(gòu)成由2006年的21.57%上升至2015年的58.73%;≥15歲組的年均發(fā)病率最低(1.01/10萬),其病例構(gòu)成由2009年的27.59%上升至2014年的70.00%;病例以散居兒童最多(49.86%);其次為學(xué)生(15.52%)。結(jié)論近年西安市麻疹發(fā)病率呈上升趨勢,1歲以下兒童是防控的重點(diǎn)人群,消除麻疹仍面臨巨大挑戰(zhàn)。應(yīng)加強(qiáng)適齡兒童的查漏補(bǔ)種工作,并對城區(qū)的重點(diǎn)人群開展強(qiáng)化免疫工作,不斷提高M(jìn)CV接種率。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the epidemic characteristics of measles in Xi'an from 2005 to 2015, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of measles. Methods the data of measles incidence in Xi'an from 2005 to 2015 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology, and SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the data. Results A total of 2,423 measles cases were reported in Xi'an from 2005 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 2.72 / 100 000. The overall incidence of measles decreased (trend: 4268.84, P 0.001, P 0.001), but the incidence of measles increased in the past three years. The incidence of the disease was seasonal in each year and the peak was mainly from March to July. The average annual incidence rate in central urban area was significantly higher than that in suburban county (15.1 / 100,000-year-old group). The average annual incidence rate of one year old group increased from 21.57% in 2006 to 58.73% in 2015, and the average annual incidence rate of 鈮，

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