本文選題：醫(yī)學(xué)生　切入點：營養(yǎng)知識　出處：《華中科技大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:了解醫(yī)學(xué)生的營養(yǎng)知識、態(tài)度、行為與營養(yǎng)狀況，及時發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的問題，并提出可行的建議，，為進一步開展?fàn)I養(yǎng)教育、提高醫(yī)學(xué)生的健康水平提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法:采用分層隨機抽樣的方法抽取同濟醫(yī)學(xué)院325名在校本科大學(xué)生作為研究對象，應(yīng)用自行設(shè)計的調(diào)查表對醫(yī)學(xué)生進行營養(yǎng)知識、態(tài)度、行為與營養(yǎng)狀況的調(diào)查。測量身高、體重，采用體質(zhì)指數(shù)評價學(xué)生的現(xiàn)時營養(yǎng)狀況。收回有效問卷307份，有效率為94.46%。采用EpiData3.1軟件建立數(shù)據(jù)庫，用SPSS18.0軟件進行統(tǒng)計分析。 結(jié)果:1.醫(yī)學(xué)生營養(yǎng)知識總知曉率為58.75%；營養(yǎng)知識平均得分為（11.84±2.76）分，判定為低分，營養(yǎng)知識平均得分女生高于男生，城鎮(zhèn)生源學(xué)生高于農(nóng)村生源學(xué)生，已學(xué)組學(xué)生高于未學(xué)組學(xué)生，差異均有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.05）；營養(yǎng)知識得分為低分、中等分、高分三個等級的學(xué)生比例分別為39.09%，54.72%，6.19%；學(xué)生營養(yǎng)知識主要來源于書報雜志、網(wǎng)絡(luò)等大眾傳播媒介。 2.醫(yī)學(xué)生想了解更多的營養(yǎng)知識的占83.06%，愿意為了健康改變不良飲食習(xí)慣的占83.39%。 3.醫(yī)學(xué)生不能保證每天吃早餐的占51.14%；每天喝碳酸飲料的占4.23%；有吃零食習(xí)慣的高達97.72%；有吃夜宵習(xí)慣的高達89.58%；飲酒率為58.96%；服用最多的營養(yǎng)補充劑是維生素制劑；選擇食物的主要依據(jù)是口味或飲食習(xí)慣的高達77.20%，而不是依據(jù)食物的營養(yǎng)價值。 4.醫(yī)學(xué)生營養(yǎng)不良率高達21.50%，超重和肥胖率為6.84%，女生營養(yǎng)不良率顯著高于男生，而超重和肥胖率顯著低于男生（P0.05）；不同生源學(xué)生營養(yǎng)狀況差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（P0.05）；已學(xué)組學(xué)生營養(yǎng)不良、超重和肥胖率均顯著低于未學(xué)組學(xué)生（P0.05）。 結(jié)論:1.醫(yī)學(xué)生對營養(yǎng)知識缺乏了解，總體掌握情況不甚理想。營養(yǎng)課程、性別、生源是學(xué)生營養(yǎng)知識得分的主要影響因素。 2.大多數(shù)醫(yī)學(xué)生具有良好的營養(yǎng)態(tài)度，對了解更多的營養(yǎng)知識，改變不良的飲食習(xí)慣均有一定的積極性。 3.醫(yī)學(xué)生普遍存在許多不良的飲食行為。 4.醫(yī)學(xué)生的營養(yǎng)狀況問題值得重視，有待改善。 5.營養(yǎng)課程教育可以提高醫(yī)學(xué)生的營養(yǎng)知識水平。醫(yī)學(xué)生的營養(yǎng)知識水平可以糾正一些不良飲食行為，進而改善其營養(yǎng)狀況。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the nutrition knowledge, attitude, behavior and nutritional status of medical students, find out the existing problems in time, and put forward some feasible suggestions to provide scientific basis for further developing nutrition education and improving the health level of medical students.Methods: 325 undergraduate students in Tongji Medical College were selected by stratified random sampling, and the nutritional knowledge, attitude, behavior and nutritional status of medical students were investigated by self-designed questionnaire.Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was used to evaluate the current nutritional status of the students.307 valid questionnaires were collected and the effective rate was 94.46.EpiData3.1 software is used to establish database and SPSS18.0 software is used for statistical analysis.The result is 1: 1.The total awareness rate of nutritional knowledge of medical students was 58.75, the average score of nutritional knowledge was 11.84 鹵2.76), the average score of nutritional knowledge was higher in girls than in boys, the students in cities and towns were higher than those in rural areas, and the students in the school group were higher than those in the uneducated group.The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the proportion of students with low, medium and high scores of nutrition knowledge was 39.09 and 54.72 and 6.19.The nutritional knowledge of students mainly came from the mass media, such as books, newspapers and magazines, network and so on.2.Medical students want to know more about nutrition in 83.06 and 83.39in order to change their unhealthy eating habits.3.The percentage of medical students who could not guarantee breakfast every day was 51.14; those who drank carbonated drinks every day accounted for 4.23; those who had the habit of snacking were as high as 97.72; those who had the habit of eating supper were as high as 89.58; the drinking rate was 58.96; the most nutritious supplement was vitamin preparation;Food selection is mainly based on taste or eating habits as high as 77.20, rather than on the nutritional value of the food.4.The malnutrition rate of medical students was as high as 21.50, the rate of overweight and obesity was 6.84. The malnutrition rate of female students was significantly higher than that of boys, while the rate of overweight and obesity was significantly lower than that of boys (P 0.05).The rates of overweight and obesity were significantly lower than those of uneducated students (P 0.05).Conclusion 1.Medical students lack understanding of nutrition knowledge, the overall grasp of the situation is not very good.Nutrition course, sex and student origin are the main influencing factors of students' nutritional knowledge score.2.Most medical students have good nutrition attitude and have certain enthusiasm to know more nutrition knowledge and change bad eating habits.3.Many unhealthy eating behaviors are common among medical students.4.The nutritional status of medical students deserves attention and needs to be improved.5.Nutrition course education can improve the level of nutrition knowledge of medical students.The level of nutritional knowledge of medical students can correct some unhealthy eating behaviors and then improve their nutritional status.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R153

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