本文選題：超濾　切入點(diǎn)：直飲水　出處：《環(huán)境與職業(yè)醫(yī)學(xué)》2015年05期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：[目的]了解學(xué)校超濾直飲水的質(zhì)量,發(fā)現(xiàn)相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素并進(jìn)行控制,保障學(xué)生飲用水安全。[方法]在某區(qū)22所中小學(xué)(小學(xué)12所,中學(xué)10所)中隨機(jī)選取25臺超濾直飲水機(jī),在2014年2月及10月分別采集直飲水水樣,應(yīng)用水質(zhì)綜合指數(shù)法評價(jià)水質(zhì)狀況,通過比較直飲水與相應(yīng)原水的水質(zhì)綜合指數(shù)值評估水質(zhì)改善情況,以耗氧量去除率[(原水耗氧量-直飲水耗氧量)/原水耗氧量×100%]表示凈水能力,并采用二分類logistic回歸模型分析水質(zhì)改善的影響因素。[結(jié)果]25臺超濾直飲水機(jī)均以市政管網(wǎng)水為原水。50份超濾直飲水水樣合格率為80%,不合格項(xiàng)目主要為菌落總數(shù)和鋅。直飲水水質(zhì)綜合指數(shù)(0.374±0.100)與管網(wǎng)水(0.392±0.027)比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=1.26,P=0.22),直飲水有機(jī)污染指標(biāo)水質(zhì)指數(shù)(0.084±0.039)低于管網(wǎng)水(0.122±0.024),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(t=5.78,P=0.00)。直飲水水質(zhì)改善率為74%,主要來自有機(jī)污染指標(biāo)的改善。使用頻率低(日用水量50 L)及設(shè)備凈水能力不合格(耗氧量去除率25%)會增加直飲水水質(zhì)惡化的危險(xiǎn)。[結(jié)論]本研究調(diào)查的學(xué)校超濾直飲水機(jī)能改善水中的有機(jī)污染狀況,但直飲水仍存在一定衛(wèi)生問題,易受到多種因素的影響。
[Abstract]:[objective] to understand the quality of ultrafiltration drinking water, find out the risk factors and control the safety of drinking water for students. [methods] 25 UF drinking water dispensers were randomly selected from 22 primary and secondary schools (12 primary schools and 10 middle schools) in a certain district. The direct drinking water samples were collected in February 2014 and October respectively. The water quality was evaluated by the method of comprehensive index of water quality, and the improvement of water quality was evaluated by comparing the comprehensive index of water quality of direct drinking water with that of the corresponding raw water. The water purification capacity is expressed by the removal rate of oxygen consumption [(raw water oxygen demand-direct drinking water oxygen demand) / raw water oxygen demand 脳 100%]. Two classification logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of water quality improvement. [results] all 25 UF drinking water dispensers took municipal pipe network water as raw water. The qualified rate of 50 UF drinking water samples was 80. The comprehensive index of water quality of direct drinking water is 0.374 鹵0.100), compared with that of pipe network water 0.392 鹵0.027). The difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). The water quality index of organic pollution index of direct drinking water was 0.084 鹵0.039), which was lower than that of pipework water (0.122 鹵0.024). The difference was statistically significant. The improvement rate of direct drinking water quality was 74%, mainly from the improvement of organic pollution index. The use frequency was low (daily use). Water quantity 50 L) and equipment water purification capacity (oxygen consumption removal rate 25%) will increase the risk of deterioration of direct drinking water quality. [conclusion] the school ultrafiltration drinking water dispenser investigated in this study can improve the organic pollution of water. But there are still some sanitary problems in drinking water, which are easy to be affected by many factors.
【作者單位】： 松江區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心衛(wèi)生監(jiān)測科;
【基金】：上海市衛(wèi)生局青年科研項(xiàng)目(編號:20124Y168)
【分類號】：R123.1

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