本文關(guān)鍵詞： 湖北釘螺 種群結(jié)構(gòu) 動(dòng)態(tài)變化 血吸蟲病　出處：《中國(guó)血吸蟲病防治雜志》2017年04期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的了解湖北釘螺種群結(jié)構(gòu)1年周期內(nèi)動(dòng)態(tài)變化,為釘螺控制提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。方法選擇河灘、溝渠有螺環(huán)境各1處,于每月中旬采用系統(tǒng)抽樣法進(jìn)行連續(xù)1年的釘螺調(diào)查,調(diào)查指標(biāo)包括釘螺的死活、性別、螺旋數(shù)、釘螺體長(zhǎng)與體寬、生殖腺發(fā)育狀況(顏色深淺、生殖腺與肝臟長(zhǎng)度的比值),以及土壤螺卵含量。同時(shí),測(cè)量土壤溫度和濕度,以及收集環(huán)境所在地的氣溫和日降雨量等氣象數(shù)據(jù)。結(jié)果釘螺存活率、活螺密度與土壤溫度、氣溫呈正相關(guān)。釘螺存活率略呈雙峰型,峰值在5~6、9月份;活螺密度河灘環(huán)境呈雙峰型,峰值在7、9月,而溝渠以4~5月最高。釘螺體長(zhǎng)(L)與體寬度(W)回歸方程,L_(河灘)=2.355+1.678W(F=2 989.43,P0.01),而L_(溝渠)=0.478+2.091W(F=2 989.43,P0.01)。河灘環(huán)境釘螺體長(zhǎng)在4.07~11.81 mm之間,平均值為(8.98±0.92)mm;溝渠釘螺體長(zhǎng)在3.63~9.92 mm之間,平均值為(7.03±0.82)mm。釘螺河灘和溝渠環(huán)境釘螺的螺旋數(shù)分別以5~8個(gè)和4~7個(gè)為主,其中河灘環(huán)境螺旋數(shù)≤5、溝渠環(huán)境螺旋數(shù)≤4的釘螺構(gòu)成比分別以5、9月份最高,均為20%左右。河灘、溝渠釘螺雌雄比分別為1.66∶1和1.22∶1。雌雄釘螺的生殖腺發(fā)育基本呈同步變化,豐盈期為4~5月和9~10月。土壤螺卵含量月間差異均顯著,河灘以6月份最高(100.8個(gè)/0.1 m~2),溝渠以5月份最高(82.5個(gè)/0.1 m~2)。結(jié)論 4-5月和9-10月是釘螺繁殖、世代交替的主要時(shí)節(jié),應(yīng)作為血吸蟲病易感地帶的釘螺藥物滅殺時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the dynamic changes of snail population structure in Hubei province during one year period, and to provide scientific basis for snail control. In the middle of every month, a systematic sampling method was used to investigate the snails for one year. The survey indexes included the dead and alive, sex, helix number, length and body width of snails, and the development of gonad (color depth and light color) of Oncomelania hupensis. The ratio of gonad to liver length, and the content of snail eggs in soil. At the same time, the temperature and humidity of soil were measured, and meteorological data such as temperature and daily rainfall were collected. The survival rate of Oncomelania hupensis was obtained. The density of snails was positively correlated with soil temperature and temperature. The survival rate of Oncomelania hupensis showed a bimodal pattern with a peak value in September. The living snail density beach environment showed a bimodal pattern, the peak value was 7, September, and the canals were the highest from 4 to May. The regression equations of snail body length (L) and body width (W) were obtained. LSP (2.355 1.678WN / F ~ 2 989.43 / P 0.01 / L / L). The length of Oncomelania hupensis was between 4.07 and 11.81 mm, with an average of 8.98 鹵0.92mm. The length of snails in canals ranged from 3.63 to 9.92 mm, with an average of 7.03 鹵0.82mmm. the helical numbers of snails in river banks and channel environments were 5 ~ 8 and 4 ~ 7 respectively. Among them, the snail composition ratios of the helical number 鈮，

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