本文關(guān)鍵詞：未婚人流女性生殖健康知識、態(tài)度、行為現(xiàn)狀及影響因素研究　出處：《中南大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 未婚女性 人工流產(chǎn) 生殖健康KAP 影響因素 多水平模型

【摘要】：目的：了解未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性的基本情況,并分析其生殖健康知識、態(tài)度和行為現(xiàn)狀,探討未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性生殖健康知識、對“婚前性行為”態(tài)度和避孕措施采取頻率的影響因素,以采取有效措施提高未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性生殖健康知識水平、自我保護(hù)意識和有效避孕技能,從而減少未婚女性人工流產(chǎn)發(fā)生率,為我省計(jì)劃生育和婦幼保健工作的開展提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法：采用分層隨機(jī)抽樣的方法,對2010年11月-2012月6月在長沙市部分一級醫(yī)院、二級醫(yī)院和三級醫(yī)院計(jì)劃生育門診確診妊娠并要求終止妊娠的2650名未婚女性進(jìn)行面對面匿名訪談?wù){(diào)查,將獲取的信息通過EpiData錄入數(shù)據(jù)庫,對定性和等級指標(biāo)進(jìn)行數(shù)量化處理和統(tǒng)一編碼后用SPSS17.0和MLwiN軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,統(tǒng)計(jì)方法包括統(tǒng)計(jì)描述、單因素分析(方差分析、χ2檢驗(yàn)、非參數(shù)檢驗(yàn)),多因素分析(聚類分析、兩水平方差成分模型、單水平Logistic回歸分析、兩水平Logistic回歸模型)。 結(jié)果：①未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性的平均年齡為(23.93±2.92)歲,城鎮(zhèn)和農(nóng)村人口之比為2.29：1,51.8%的女性是外來人口,65.2%文化程度在大專及以上,職業(yè)以公司職員(39.9%)、公務(wù)員(10.8%)和學(xué)生(10.1%)為主,月收入1701-2500元者占40.6%,家庭狀況較好者占36.3%,首次工作年齡為“18-25歲”的女性占57.5%,64%更換過工作,72.8%的女性首次性交年齡在20-24歲,79.8%的女性發(fā)生首次性行為的原因是出于愛情。②未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性生殖健康知識平均得分為(22.26±7.03)分,大部分女性能掌握基本的生殖健康知識,但對排卵期和易孕期的計(jì)算、金指標(biāo)以外的早孕反應(yīng)、新型避孕方法、軟下疳等性傳播疾病了解較少,未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性獲得生殖健康知識的來源主要是書本、報(bào)紙、雜志(80.6%)和廣播、電影、電視(59.2%),她們最想了解的生殖健康知識分別是性生理衛(wèi)生知識(82.9%)、避孕知識(63.1%)和優(yōu)生優(yōu)育知識(61.9%)；66.4%的未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性對婚前性行為持支持或無所謂態(tài)度,80.3%的女性認(rèn)為人工流產(chǎn)危害大,主要是影響女性身體健康(98.0%)、心理健康(61.2%)和日常生活(44.5%),86.8%的女性愿意在今后的性生活中采取有效措施防止意外懷孕；93.6%的未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性都采取過避孕措施,但僅有9.2%能堅(jiān)持避孕,主要避孕措施是避孕套(66.8%)和體外排精(16.0%)；③28.2%的女性做過二次及以上人工流產(chǎn),對本次人工流產(chǎn)的原因進(jìn)行調(diào)查,42.9%的女性是無計(jì)劃性生活,24.9%的女性避孕失敗,29.4%的女性是接觸到有害環(huán)境或胚胎發(fā)育不良,經(jīng)Spearman相關(guān)分析和非參數(shù)檢驗(yàn)表明,多次人工流產(chǎn)與生殖健康知識、避孕措施采取頻率均存在相關(guān)關(guān)系(P0.05)；④兩水平方差成分模型顯示,文化程度、職業(yè)、月收入、父母婚姻狀況、首次性交年齡、首次性交原因、父母教育、學(xué)校社區(qū)宣傳和男友交流等9個因素對未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性生殖健康知識得分有影(P0.05),單水平Logistic回歸分析顯示,年齡、戶口所在地、籍貫、在本市常住時(shí)間、文化程度、職業(yè)、月收入、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、兄弟姐妹數(shù)、父母婚姻狀況、學(xué)校社區(qū)宣傳、男友交流以及生殖健康知識得分等13個因素對未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性“婚前性行為”的態(tài)度有影響(α入=0.05,α出=0.10),兩水平logistic回歸模型顯示,年齡、戶口所在地、籍貫、在本市(縣)常住時(shí)間、文化程度、職業(yè)、月收入、家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、家里兄弟姐妹數(shù)、父母婚姻狀況、首次工作年齡、更換工作次數(shù)、父母教育、學(xué)校社區(qū)宣傳、男友交流、生殖健康知識得分、對婚前性行為態(tài)度、采取避孕措施的意愿等18個因素對未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性避孕措施采取頻率有影響(P0.05) 結(jié)論：①未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性年齡較小,以城鎮(zhèn)戶口為主,大部分是外來人口,文化程度普遍較高,主要是公司職員和學(xué)生,大部分女性更換過工作,首次性交的原因主要是愛情。②大部分未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性對生殖健康知識有一定了解,但了解不深,其獲得生殖健康知識的主要來源是書籍和媒體；大部分女性對婚前性行為持支持或無所謂態(tài)度,絕大部分女性都愿意在今后的性生活中采取有效措施來防止意外懷孕；多數(shù)未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性都采取過避孕措施,但只有小部分能堅(jiān)持,主要是采用避孕套和體外射精。③大部分女性人工流產(chǎn)的原因是無計(jì)劃性生活或避孕失敗,并且多次人工流產(chǎn)與女性生殖健康知識、避孕措施采取頻率均存在相關(guān)關(guān)系；④文化程度、職業(yè)、月收入、父母教育、學(xué)校社區(qū)宣傳、男友同伴交流等多個因素對未婚人工流產(chǎn)女性生殖健康知識、態(tài)度、行為有影響,在今后的婦幼保健工作中,要以文化程度較低、月收入較低、工作不穩(wěn)定的外來務(wù)工人員和學(xué)生作為重點(diǎn)人群,建立以家庭-學(xué)校-社區(qū)為一體的“健康教育三角”,采取靈活多樣的形式,開展生殖健康知識、態(tài)度、行為教育,為未婚女性提供更多、更有效的婚前生殖健康服務(wù)。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the basic situation of unmarried abortion women, and to analyze the reproductive health knowledge, attitudes and behavior status, explore the unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge, take the factors influence on the frequency of "premarital sexual behavior" attitude and contraceptive measures, to take effective measures to improve the unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge, self protection effective contraception awareness and skills, so as to reduce the incidence of induced abortion among unmarried women, for our province family planning and MCH work to provide a scientific basis for development.
Methods: using stratified random sampling method, for -2012 months in November 2010 June in Changsha city hospitals, two hospitals and three hospitals of family planning clinic diagnosed pregnancy termination of pregnancy and 2650 of unmarried women were investigated face-to-face anonymous interviews, the information obtained by the EpiData database, and the qualitative level indicators the number of processing and unified encoding by SPSS17.0 and MLwiN software for statistical analysis, statistical methods including descriptive statistics, single factor analysis (ANOVA, 2 test, non parametric test), multivariate analysis (cluster analysis, two level variance component model, regression analysis, single level Logistic two level Logistic regression model).
Results: the average age of unmarried abortion women for (23.93 + 2.92) years of age, urban and rural population ratio of 2.29:1,51.8% is 65.2% female migrant population, the degree of culture in college and above, occupation to members of the company (39.9%), civil servants (10.8%) and students (10.1%), the monthly income of 1701-2500 yuan the family is better accounted for 40.6%, accounted for 36.3%, the first working age for "18-25 years old" women accounted for 57.5%, 64% replacement work, 72.8% women in the first sexual intercourse at the age of 20-24, 79.8% of women had the first sexual behavior is out of love. The unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge average score (22.26 + 7.03) points, most women can master the basic knowledge of reproductive health, but the calculation of ovulation and easy pregnancy, early pregnancy reaction outside the gold standard, a new method of contraception, chancroid and other sexually transmitted diseases are poorly understood, unmarried people The sources of reproductive health knowledge for abortion women is mainly books, newspapers and magazines (80.6%) and radio, film, television (59.2%), they most want to know about reproductive health knowledge are the knowledge of sexual physiology (82.9%), (63.1%) contraceptive knowledge and eugenics knowledge (61.9%); 66.4% of unmarried artificial abortion women to premarital sex support or indifferent attitude, 80.3% of the women thought abortion harm, mainly affecting the health of women (98%), mental health (61.2%) and daily life (44.5%), female 86.8% were willing to take effective measures in the future of life to prevent accidental pregnancy; 93.6% unmarried abortion women have taken contraceptive measures, but only 9.2% can insist on contraception, contraceptive measures are mainly condoms (66.8%) and in vitro ejaculation (16%); the 28.2% women had more than two times and artificial abortion, the abortion To investigate the reasons, 42.9% of the women is no plan of life, 24.9% of the female contraceptive failure, 29.4% women are exposed to harmful environment or poor fetal growth, the Spearman correlation analysis and nonparametric test showed that repeated abortion and reproductive health knowledge, contraceptive measures are taken by the frequency correlation (P0.05); the two level variance component model, education level, occupation, monthly income, marital status, age of first sexual intercourse, sexual intercourse for the first time, parental education, community outreach and communication school boyfriend 9 factors on unmarried abortion women reproductive health knowledge score. (P0.05), single level Logistic regression analysis, age, residence, place of origin, in the city resident time, education level, occupation, monthly income, family economic status, number of siblings, parents' marital status, school and community outreach, boyfriend exchanges Effect of reproductive health knowledge score of the 13 factors of unmarried abortion women "premarital sexual behavior" attitude (alpha =0.05, alpha =0.10), two level logistic regression model showed that age, residence, place of origin, in the city (county) resident time, educational level, occupation, monthly income. The economic situation of the family, the number of brothers and sisters at home, parents' marital status, working age for the first time, the number of replacement work, parental education, school community outreach, boyfriend exchanges, reproductive health knowledge, attitude toward premarital sexual behavior, contraception will have 18 factors such as the effect of frequency on unmarried abortion women taking contraceptive measures (P0.05)
Conclusion: the unmarried abortion women younger, with urban hukou, most of the foreign population, higher education level, mainly staff and students, most of the women change their job, the main reason for the first time sexual intercourse is love. Most people unmarried abortion women have a certain understanding of reproductive health knowledge, but do not understand the deep, main sources of reproductive health knowledge were books and media; most of the women on premarital sexual behavior supporting or indifferent attitude, most women are willing to take effective measures in the future of life to prevent unwanted pregnancies; most unmarried abortion women have taken contraceptive measures, but only a small part can insist that is the main reason of the condom and ejaculation. Most women abortion is unplanned sex or contraceptive failure, and recurrent abortion And the female reproductive health knowledge, contraceptive measures are related to the frequency; cultural level, occupation, monthly income, parental education, school community outreach, peer communication attitude boyfriend many factors on unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge, behavior have influence on maternal and child health care work in the future, to the low level of education, monthly income is relatively low, the instability of migrant workers and students as the focus groups, establish the family school community as one of the "health education triangle", adopt flexible and diverse forms, the development of reproductive health knowledge, attitude and behavior education, provide more for unmarried women, more effective premarital reproductive health services.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R169.4

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