【摘要】：目的：采用真空封裝,增加鈦夾等方法,研制新型壓電傳感器,通過新型壓電傳感器與新鮮顳骨標(biāo)本和活體貓耳內(nèi)的聽骨鏈耦合,拾取體外聲信號(hào),并對(duì)聲信號(hào)進(jìn)行后期處理的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,系統(tǒng)驗(yàn)證聽骨鏈振動(dòng)拾音策略的可行性,為全植入人工耳蝸體內(nèi)拾音提供解決方案。方法：(1)通過增加鈦夾、引線管絕緣子及激光封裝,制作出新型壓電傳感器,并將其固定于揚(yáng)聲器防風(fēng)罩上進(jìn)行體外模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)。(2)建立新型壓電傳感器耦合于人耳聽骨鏈時(shí)的三維重建模型,利用有限元分析模擬聽骨鏈在耦合新型壓電傳感器前后頻響位移變化以及新型壓電傳感器在人聽骨鏈上的頻響位移情況。(3)將新型壓電傳感器植入新鮮顳骨標(biāo)本的聽骨鏈砧骨長(zhǎng)突和鼓室腔,共實(shí)驗(yàn)7耳(6副尸頭),分別記錄不同頻率下的頻響反應(yīng)。(4)新型壓電傳感器植入新鮮顳骨,測(cè)試系統(tǒng)給與Burst信號(hào),NI儀器同步記錄新型壓電傳感器的輸入信號(hào)及輸出信號(hào),從而分析傳感器系統(tǒng)的相對(duì)延遲時(shí)間。(5)將新型壓電傳感器植入活體貓耳聽骨鏈的錘骨頸和聽泡內(nèi),共實(shí)驗(yàn)5耳(4只貓),分別記錄不同頻率下的頻響反應(yīng)。(6)對(duì)新型壓電傳感器拾取信號(hào)的畸變和失真進(jìn)行處理,通過計(jì)算信號(hào)的總諧波失真和信噪比,比較處理前后信號(hào)的質(zhì)量。結(jié)果：(1)體外模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)質(zhì)量為67 mg的新型壓電傳感器能靈敏地拾取全頻段可聽見聲聲學(xué)信號(hào),具有較平坦的頻響曲線,可用于體內(nèi)植入實(shí)驗(yàn)。(2)有限元分析發(fā)現(xiàn)將新型壓電傳感器耦合于砧骨長(zhǎng)突,對(duì)鐙骨底板的頻響位移影響不大,1000Hz以下略有增大,1000Hz以上略有減小。固定于砧骨長(zhǎng)突的新型壓電傳感器能夠產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的位移反應(yīng)但是略低于鐙骨底板的運(yùn)動(dòng)。(3)新鮮顳骨標(biāo)本植入實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),新型壓電傳感器耦合于砧骨長(zhǎng)突后能拾取體外聲學(xué)信號(hào),且低頻干擾小,共振現(xiàn)象弱,與懸空于鼓室腔對(duì)照(-92.94 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz),其與聽骨砧骨長(zhǎng)突耦合后有較好的頻譜響應(yīng)(-56.58 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz), 100Hz-10000Hz頻響曲線較平坦。(4)比較輸入與輸出信號(hào)通道的相位差,發(fā)現(xiàn)新型壓電傳感器的相對(duì)延遲時(shí)間為14.75 ms。(5)活體貓耳植入實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),新型壓電傳感器耦合于錘骨頸后能拾取體外聲學(xué)信號(hào),與放置于聽泡內(nèi)對(duì)照(-87.43 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz),其與錘骨頸耦合后有較好的頻譜響應(yīng)(-46.92 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz), 100Hz-10000Hz頻響曲線較平坦。(6)處理后信號(hào)與原始信號(hào)相比信噪比明顯升高,總體諧波失真明顯減小。結(jié)論：(1)研制出應(yīng)用鈦夾的固定方式,具有較好的密封性和生物相容性的新型壓電傳感器。(2)通過系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)初步論證了新型壓電傳感器拾取聽骨鏈振動(dòng)聲學(xué)信號(hào)的可行性。(3)新型壓電傳感器拾取的信號(hào)經(jīng)過處理后能夠進(jìn)一步提高信號(hào)質(zhì)量。(4)新型壓電傳感器與耳蝸內(nèi)電極結(jié)合,以及其長(zhǎng)期植入效果和并發(fā)癥等仍需進(jìn)一步深入研究。
[Abstract]:Objective: to develop a new piezoelectric sensor by vacuum encapsulation and titanium clip, and to pick up the acoustic signal in vitro by coupling the new piezoelectric sensor with the ossicular chain in the ears of fresh temporal bone specimens and living cats. The experimental study on the post-processing of acoustic signals systematically verified the feasibility of the sound picking strategy of ossicular chain vibration, and provided a solution for the whole cochlear implantation. Methods: (1) A new piezoelectric sensor was fabricated by adding titanium clip, lead tube insulator and laser package. The simulation experiment in vitro was carried out by fixing it on the loudspeaker windshield. (2) A three-dimensional reconstruction model of a new piezoelectric sensor coupled to the human auditory ossicular chain was established. Finite element analysis is used to simulate the frequency response displacement of ossicular chain before and after coupling the new piezoelectric sensor and the frequency response displacement of the new piezoelectric sensor on the human ossicular chain. (3) the new piezoelectric sensor is implanted into the fresh temporal bone. The ossicular chain incus long process and tympanic cavity of the specimen, A total of 7 ears (6 cadaveric heads) were tested to record the frequency response at different frequencies. (4) the new piezoelectric sensor was implanted into fresh temporal bone, and the Burst signal was given by the test system. The input signal and output signal of the new piezoelectric sensor are recorded synchronously by NI instrument, thus the relative delay time of the sensor system is analyzed. (5) the new piezoelectric sensor is implanted into the hammer neck and auditory vesicle of the auditory ossicular chain of the cat in vivo. A total of 5 ears (4 cats) were tested to record the frequency response at different frequencies. (6) the distortion and distortion of the pick-up signal of the new piezoelectric sensor were processed, and the total harmonic distortion and signal-to-noise ratio of the signal were calculated. The quality of the signal before and after processing is compared. Results: (1) it was found that the new piezoelectric sensor with a mass of 67 mg could sensitively pick up audible acoustic signals in the whole frequency band and had a flat frequency response curve. It can be used in vivo implantation experiment. (2) finite element analysis shows that the coupling of the new piezoelectric sensor to the long process of incus has little effect on the frequency response displacement of stapes floor, but increases slightly below 1000Hz and decreases slightly above 1000Hz. The new piezoelectric sensor fixed to the long process of incus can produce the corresponding displacement response, but slightly lower than the movement of stapes floor. (3) fresh temporal bone implantation experiment found, After coupling to the long process of incus, the new piezoelectric sensor can pick up the acoustic signal in vitro, and the low frequency interference is small and the resonance phenomenon is weak, which is compared with that suspended in tympanic cavity (- 92.94 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz). After coupling with the long process of ossicular anvil, it has a better spectral response (- 56.58 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz), and the 100Hz-10000Hz frequency response curve is flat. (4) the phase difference between input and output signal channels is compared. It is found that the relative delay time of the new piezoelectric sensor is 14.75 ms. (5). It is found that the new piezoelectric sensor can pick up the acoustic signal in vitro after coupling to the hammer neck. Compared with that placed in auditory vesicle (- 87.43 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz), it had a better spectral response (- 46.92 dB rms ref 1V at 1000Hz) after coupling with hammer neck. The 100Hz-10000Hz frequency response curve is flat. (6) compared with the original signal, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the processed signal is obviously increased, and the overall harmonic distortion is obviously reduced. Conclusion: (1) the fixation method with titanium clip has been developed. A new type of piezoelectric sensor with good sealing and biocompatibility is proposed. (2) the feasibility of picking up the acoustic signal of ossicular chain vibration by a new piezoelectric sensor is preliminarily demonstrated by systematic experiments. (3) A new piezoelectric sensor After processing, the picked signal can further improve the signal quality. (4) the new piezoelectric sensor is combined with the inner electrode of the cochlea. The long-term implantation effect and complications still need to be further studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R764

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