發(fā)布時間：2019-08-20 10:54

【摘要】：目的調(diào)查京津冀地區(qū)自報過敏性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)病人吸入過敏原的致敏率,分析陽性過敏原的年齡及性別差異,闡明過敏原與過敏性鼻炎癥狀、合并癥的臨床相關(guān)性。方法采用20種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化過敏原,對2011年1月至2013年7月就診于首都醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬北京同仁醫(yī)院的6 236例京津冀地區(qū)自報過敏性鼻炎病人進(jìn)行皮膚點(diǎn)刺試驗(yàn)(skin prick test,SPT)。記錄病人鼻部癥狀視覺模擬評分和哮喘、過敏性結(jié)膜炎病史。應(yīng)用χ2檢驗(yàn)比較不同年齡、性別病人的陽性過敏原及其致敏率,應(yīng)用Spearman相關(guān)分析評價過敏原的臨床相關(guān)性。結(jié)果 5 530例病人(88.7%)至少1種過敏原陽性。京津冀地區(qū)自報過敏性鼻炎病人最常見的過敏原是粉塵螨和屋塵螨,致敏率分別為47.3%和41.7%,其在自報過敏性鼻炎成年病人中的致敏率隨年齡增長而下降,男性高于女性。塵螨致敏與過敏性鼻炎的持續(xù)性、嚴(yán)重程度均無關(guān),但戶外過敏原的致敏率在中重度過敏性鼻炎病人顯著高于輕度過敏性鼻炎病人,在持續(xù)性過敏性鼻炎病人顯著高于間歇性過敏性鼻炎病人。SPT中塵螨的皮膚指數(shù)與過敏性鼻炎癥狀無關(guān),艾蒿、禾本花粉的皮膚指數(shù)與過敏性鼻炎癥狀正相關(guān)�！�54%的AR合并哮喘或過敏性結(jié)膜炎病人呈現(xiàn)4種以上過敏原陽性。塵螨、德國小蠊陽性與AR合并哮喘或過敏性結(jié)膜炎無相關(guān)性,戶外過敏原(艾蒿、蒲公英、大豚草)的致敏率在AR合并哮喘或過敏性結(jié)膜炎病人中顯著高于無合并癥AR病人。結(jié)論塵螨是京津冀地區(qū)自報過敏性鼻炎病人中最常見的吸入過敏原。吸入過敏原致敏率在不同的年齡、性別差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。過敏性鼻炎伴合并癥病人多重致敏率高。戶外過敏原致敏率與過敏性鼻炎癥狀嚴(yán)重程度正相關(guān),其在過敏性鼻炎合并癥病人中的致敏率升高。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the sensitizing rate of inhaled allergen in patients with allergic rhinitis (allergic rhinitis,AR) reported by themselves in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, analyze the age and sex differences of positive allergen, and elucidate the clinical correlation between allergen and symptoms and complications of allergic rhinitis. Methods from January 2011 to July 2013, 6236 patients with allergic rhinitis who were admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University from January 2011 to July 2013 were treated with 20 kinds of standardized allergens. (skin prick test,SPT was performed on 6236 patients with allergic rhinitis reported by themselves in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area. The visual analog score of nasal symptoms and the history of asthma and allergic conjunctivitis were recorded. The positive allergen and its sensitizing rate of patients of different ages and genders were compared by 蠂 2 test, and the clinical correlation of allergen was evaluated by Spearman correlation analysis. Results at least one allergen was positive in 5530 patients (88.7%). The most common allergen in patients with allergic rhinitis reported by Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei was Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides farinae, the sensitizing rates were 47.3% and 41.7%, respectively. the sensitizing rate of self-reported allergic rhinitis in adult patients decreased with age, and that in males was higher than that in females. Dust mites sensitizing was not related to the persistence and severity of allergic rhinitis, but the sensitizing rate of outdoor allergen in patients with moderate and severe allergic rhinitis was significantly higher than that in patients with mild allergic rhinitis, and in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis was significantly higher than that in patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis. The skin index of dust mites in SPT was not related to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis, Artemisia annua, The skin index of Graben pollen was positively correlated with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis. More than 4 kinds of allergen were positive in 鈮，

本文編號：2528573