本文選題：突觸 + 超微結(jié)構(gòu)��； 參考：《濟(jì)南大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的 觀察融合功能缺失的光學(xué)性斜視貓視皮層17區(qū)突觸超微形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)以及神經(jīng)生長因子（nerve growth factor，NGF）表達(dá)的變化，探討雙眼融合功能的結(jié)構(gòu)基礎(chǔ)和影響因素。 方法 將4周齡普通家貓隨機(jī)分為正常對(duì)照組、光學(xué)性斜視組及弱視組，于視覺可塑性關(guān)鍵期內(nèi)（4周齡），分別通過雙眼佩戴基底向內(nèi)的15△三棱鏡和縫合右眼瞼裂，建立光學(xué)性斜視模型及單眼形覺剝奪性弱視模型，待6個(gè)月齡時(shí)，通過VEP檢測，進(jìn)行動(dòng)物篩選，并參照貓大腦立體定位圖譜，對(duì)三組視皮層17區(qū)進(jìn)行取材、固定、包埋和電鏡標(biāo)本制作，進(jìn)行半薄和超薄切片，應(yīng)用透射型電子顯微鏡由視皮層Ⅰ層至Ⅵ層依次攝取15,000倍和30,000倍照片，，測量突觸間隙的寬度、突觸后致密物厚度、突觸后膜的弦長和弧長。經(jīng)取材、固定、脫水、包埋等制作石蠟標(biāo)本，進(jìn)行免疫組織化學(xué)染色，觀察NGF表達(dá)的變化。所有實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。 結(jié)果 1. P-VEP檢測結(jié)果：正常組P100波波形規(guī)則，有明顯波峰，雙眼振幅大于或等于單眼振幅的2倍；光學(xué)性斜視組單眼P100波振幅和潛時(shí)與正常組差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.05），雙眼振幅小于單眼振幅；弱視組左眼P100波振幅和潛時(shí)與正常組差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.05），但右眼P100波振幅小于正常組與斜視組，潛時(shí)長于正常組與斜視組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)，雙眼振幅小于單眼振幅。 2．甲苯胺藍(lán)染色結(jié)果：正常組和光學(xué)性斜視組視皮層17區(qū)分層清晰，由淺至深共分為六層，正常組比光學(xué)性斜視組內(nèi)顆粒層發(fā)達(dá)，細(xì)胞更為密集，多數(shù)是星形細(xì)胞；弱視組視皮層未見明顯分層，細(xì)胞密度較低，且以染色淺，體積小等不成熟細(xì)胞為主。 3．突觸超微形態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化：正常組和光學(xué)性斜視組突觸間隙、突觸后膜界面曲率、突觸后膜致密物厚度的差別無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P0.05）。弱視組較正常組和光學(xué)性斜視組的突觸間隙增寬、界面曲率減小、突觸后膜致密物增厚，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 4．免疫組織化學(xué)染色結(jié)果：各組視皮層17區(qū)各層均可見NGF陽性細(xì)胞，光學(xué)性斜視組和弱視組較正常組免疫陽性神經(jīng)元著色淡，陽性神經(jīng)元數(shù)減少，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)；弱視組較斜視組更加減少，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。 結(jié)論 1．在貓的視覺可塑性關(guān)鍵期內(nèi)建立光學(xué)性斜視，雖然能夠破壞融合功能，但與單眼形覺剝奪性弱視不同，未引起視皮層17區(qū)突觸結(jié)構(gòu)各項(xiàng)參數(shù)的變化。說明融合功能破壞與單眼形覺剝奪性弱視的發(fā)生機(jī)制不同。 2．光學(xué)性斜視和單眼形覺剝奪性弱視，均使視皮層17區(qū)NGF的表達(dá)下降，弱視組表達(dá)較斜視組更加減少，證明NGF的表達(dá)與雙眼視覺功能存在密切聯(lián)系。
[Abstract]:Purpose The ultrastructure of synapses and the expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) in optic strabismus of cats were observed, and the structural basis and influencing factors of binocular fusion function were discussed. Method The 4-week-old domestic cats were randomly divided into normal control group, optical strabismus group and amblyopia group. During the critical period of visual plasticity, 4-week old cats were treated with 15 prism and suture of right eyelid fissure. An optical strabismus model and a monocular form deprivation amblyopia model were established. At the age of 6 months, the animals were screened by VEP, and three groups of visual cortex were selected and fixed according to the stereotaxic map of the cat's brain. The embedded and electron microscopic specimens were made and made into semi-thin and ultra-thin sections. Using transmission electron microscope (TEM), 15000 and 30000 times photographs were taken from layer I to layer VI of the visual cortex, respectively. The width of synaptic space and the thickness of postsynaptic dense substance were measured. The chord length and arc length of postsynaptic membrane. Paraffin wax specimens were made by sampling, fixation, dehydration and embedding. The expression of NGF was observed by immunohistochemical staining. All experimental data were statistically analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. Result 1. The results of P-VEP: in normal group, the P100 wave waveform was regular, there was obvious wave peak, and the binocular amplitude was more than or equal to 2 times of the monocular amplitude. There was no significant difference in P100 wave amplitude and latent time between optical strabismus group and normal group (P 0.05), but the amplitude of binocular was smaller than that of single eye. There was no significant difference in P100 wave amplitude and latent time between the amblyopia group and the normal group. However, the P100 wave amplitude of the right eye was lower than that of the normal group and strabismus group, and the latent time was longer than that of the normal group and strabismus group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), and the amplitude of both eyes was less than that of the single eye. 2. The results of toluidine blue staining showed that the 17 layers of visual cortex in normal group and optical strabismus group were clear and divided into six layers from shallow to deep. The granular layer of normal group was more developed than that of optical strabismus group, and most of them were astrocytes. In the amblyopia group, the visual cortex was not stratified, the cell density was low, and immature cells, such as light staining and small size, were dominant. 3. Ultrastructural changes of synapses: there was no significant difference in synaptic space, postsynaptic membrane interface curvature and the thickness of dense substance of postsynaptic membrane between normal group and optical strabismus group (P 0.05). Compared with the normal group and the optical strabismus group, the synaptic gap widened, the curvature of the interface decreased and the density of the postsynaptic membrane increased in the amblyopia group. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). 4. The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that NGF positive cells were found in all layers of the visual cortex in each group. The immunoreactive neurons in the optic strabismus group and the amblyopia group were lighter than those in the normal group, and the number of the positive neurons was decreased. The difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), and that of amblyopia group was lower than that of strabismus group (P 0.05). Conclusion 1. The establishment of optical strabismus in the critical period of visual plasticity in cats, although it can destroy the fusion function, is different from the form deprivation amblyopia, and does not cause the changes of the synaptic structure parameters in the 17 region of the visual cortex. It suggests that the mechanism of fusion dysfunction is different from that of monocular form deprivation amblyopia. 2. Both optical strabismus and monocular form deprivation amblyopia decreased the expression of NGF in area 17 of visual cortex, and the expression of NGF in amblyopia group was much lower than that in strabismus group, which proved that the expression of NGF was closely related to binocular visual function.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R777.41

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前8條

1 王玲;王淮慶;;兒童雙眼視覺三級(jí)功能研究現(xiàn)狀與進(jìn)展[J];國際眼科雜志;2007年03期

2 韓太真;突觸可塑性與長時(shí)程增強(qiáng)現(xiàn)象的研究進(jìn)展[J];西安交通大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版);2005年04期

3 楊東生,胡聰;視覺誘發(fā)電位與雙眼視功能 Ⅰ.VEP的B/M值與雙眼視功能的關(guān)系[J];眼科研究;1992年04期

4 史學(xué)鋒,趙堪興,劉虎,錢學(xué)翰;斜視性弱視貓視皮層突觸活性改變[J];眼科研究;2004年05期

5 牛蘭俊;Bagolini線狀鏡檢查可靠性探討[J];中國斜視與小兒眼科雜志;1994年03期

6 吳夕,劉玉華,艾立坤,王秀英,李東輝,顏少明;應(yīng)用隨機(jī)點(diǎn)立體圖檢測水平融合功能的臨床研究[J];中華眼科雜志;2001年04期

7 吳夕,錢國娟,牛蘭俊,顏少明;正常人雙眼旋轉(zhuǎn)融合功能的研究[J];眼視光學(xué)雜志;2003年01期

8 洪新如;神經(jīng)營養(yǎng)因子在視皮層發(fā)育和可塑性中的作用[J];眼科研究;2004年01期

本文編號(hào)：1897406