本文選題：虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) + 質(zhì)點(diǎn)-彈簧模型��； 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代科技的不斷發(fā)展，計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)已在各個(gè)學(xué)科的研究中發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。在醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域，通過計(jì)算機(jī)和其它設(shè)備的結(jié)合來進(jìn)行虛擬手術(shù)受到越來越多人們關(guān)注。與實(shí)際手術(shù)相比，虛擬手術(shù)不僅可降低手術(shù)成本，而且沒有手術(shù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、在培養(yǎng)人才等方面也有著不可比擬的作用。虛擬手術(shù)中主要應(yīng)用的技術(shù)有：計(jì)算機(jī)圖像處理，人機(jī)交互，及傳感器技術(shù)等。本文研究虛擬手術(shù)中膜組織形變這一課題，主要討論了虛擬手術(shù)中形變建模及碰撞檢測，并進(jìn)行了模擬仿真。 首先，虛擬手術(shù)的形變建模是研究虛擬手術(shù)的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)，本文主要對比了有限元法建模和質(zhì)點(diǎn)-彈簧建模，并結(jié)合質(zhì)點(diǎn)-彈簧模型的結(jié)構(gòu)對組織模型進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)。添加了“虛擬管”，對改進(jìn)后模型的受力和形變都做了具體分析，改進(jìn)后模型使得在有附著的膜結(jié)構(gòu)形變時(shí)有體積支撐力，模擬效果更加逼真。 其次，在質(zhì)點(diǎn)-彈簧模型中，對動(dòng)力學(xué)方程的求解方法也做了詳細(xì)的分析，通過對比幾種求解方法的精度和所用時(shí)間，最后選用中點(diǎn)法對實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中形變進(jìn)行求解。此外，針對碰撞檢測算法中層次包圍盒算法的缺點(diǎn)，，結(jié)合虛擬手術(shù)中檢測對象的不同、提出了混合層次包圍盒算法，既滿足剛體的碰撞，也滿足形變膜組織的碰撞，同時(shí)縮短了碰撞檢測的時(shí)間，提高了實(shí)時(shí)性。結(jié)合建造模型給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，驗(yàn)證了混合層次碰撞檢測算法的有效性。 最后對基于人體眼部膜組織手術(shù)，構(gòu)建了含有體積支撐力的球形膜組織模型。在以VisualC++6.0和OpenGL函數(shù)庫建構(gòu)的開發(fā)環(huán)境下，借助(GHOST-SDK)軟件開發(fā)包，利用觸覺設(shè)備PHANTOM Omni進(jìn)行了力反饋仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。給出了仿真結(jié)果，并對實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行了分析，驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)的模型和碰撞檢測算法的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of modern science and technology, computer technology has played an irreplaceable role in the research of various disciplines.In the field of medicine, virtual surgery through the combination of computer and other devices has attracted more and more attention.Compared with actual surgery, virtual surgery can not only reduce the cost of surgery, but also has no surgical risk, and plays an unparalleled role in training talents.The main techniques used in virtual surgery are: computer image processing, human-computer interaction, sensor technology and so on.In this paper, the deformation of membrane tissue in virtual surgery is studied. The deformation modeling and collision detection in virtual surgery are discussed and simulated.Firstly, deformation modeling of virtual surgery is an important part of virtual surgery research. In this paper, the finite element modeling and mass-spring modeling are compared, and the structure of mass-spring model is improved.With the addition of "virtual tube", the force and deformation of the improved model are analyzed concretely. The improved model makes the volume support force when the membrane structure is deformed with attachment, and the simulation effect is more realistic.Secondly, in the mass-spring model, the method of solving the dynamic equation is also analyzed in detail. By comparing the accuracy and time of several methods, the midpoint method is used to solve the deformation in the experiment.In addition, aiming at the disadvantage of hierarchical bounding box algorithm in collision detection algorithm, a hybrid hierarchical bounding box algorithm is proposed to meet the collision of rigid body and deformed membrane structure.At the same time, the time of collision detection is shortened and the real-time is improved.Experimental results are given based on the construction model, and the effectiveness of hybrid hierarchical collision detection algorithm is verified.Finally, a spherical membrane tissue model with volume supporting force was constructed based on human eye membrane tissue surgery.In the development environment constructed by VisualC 6.0 and OpenGL function library, the force feedback simulation experiment is carried out with the help of GHOST-SDK software development kit and the tactile device PHANTOM Omni.The simulation results are given and the experimental results are analyzed to verify the feasibility of the improved model and the collision detection algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R77;TP391.9

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