本文關鍵詞： 玻璃體腔注射 視網(wǎng)膜毒性 頭孢他啶 萬古霉素　出處：《山東大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：第一部分眼內注入抗菌素對視網(wǎng)膜組織結構影響 目的：觀察眼內注入不同抗菌素對視網(wǎng)膜組織結構影響。方法：選用健康普通級雌性Wistar大鼠78只,隨機分為12個實驗組和1個對照組,每組6只,均以右眼作為實驗眼。對照組動物右眼玻璃體腔注入0.02ml生理鹽水,其余各實驗組動物右眼玻璃體腔分別注入濃度為10g/l的頭孢呋辛、妥布霉素、慶大霉素、鹽酸左氧氟沙星、頭孢他啶、萬古霉素注射液各0.02ml,以及濃度為5g/1的上述溶液各0.02ml。3天后,脫頸處死動物,立即摘取眼球,用lml注射器將固定液自角鞏膜緣處注入約0.02ml,將眼球浸入固定液中固定24小時后,取出標本,切除角膜,摘除晶體,將剩余眼球壁再次浸入固定液中,用于HE染色切片的制備。結果：對照組切片顯示為正常組織結構,頭孢呋辛組神經(jīng)纖維層水腫,神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞層及內核層空泡樣變性；妥布霉素組神經(jīng)纖維層結構不清,神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞層及內核層部分核固縮,空泡樣變性明顯；慶大霉素組內界膜不完整,神經(jīng)纖維層結構不清,神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞層核固縮,內核層變薄,空泡樣變性明顯,內、外叢狀層出現(xiàn)囊樣間隙,色素上皮層不完整；左氧氟沙星組神經(jīng)纖維層結構不清,神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞層及內核層部分核固縮,空泡樣變性明顯；萬古霉素組及頭孢他啶組神部分經(jīng)纖維層及神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞輕度水腫,內核層細胞排列欠規(guī)則,少量空泡樣變性。結論：頭孢呋辛、妥布霉素、慶大霉素和左氧氟沙星有明顯的視網(wǎng)膜毒性,萬古霉素、頭孢他啶視網(wǎng)膜毒性不明顯。 第二部分眼內注入抗菌素對視網(wǎng)膜超微結構影響 目的：觀察眼內注入不同抗菌素對視網(wǎng)膜超微結構影響。方法：選用健康普通級雌性Wistar大鼠24只,隨機分為3個實驗組和1個對照組,每組6只,均以右眼作為實驗眼。對照組動物右眼玻璃體腔注入0.02ml生理鹽水,各實驗組動物右眼玻璃體腔分別注入濃度為5g/l的慶大霉素、頭孢他啶、萬古霉素注射液各0.02ml。3天后,脫頸處死動物,立即摘取眼球,用lml注射器將3%的戊二醛固定液自角鞏膜緣處注入約0.02ml,將眼球浸入固定液中固定24小時之后,取出標本,切除角膜,摘除晶體,將視網(wǎng)膜自眼球壁剝離出置于3%的戊二醛固定液中,用于制備透射電鏡標本。結果：對照組顯示為正常組織結構,頭孢他啶組及萬古霉素組部分神經(jīng)纖維層消失,神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞及內核層部分核膜凹陷,染色質加深,內質網(wǎng)擴張,線粒體腫脹,空泡樣變性,內外叢狀層輕度水腫；慶大霉素組神經(jīng)纖維層溶解消失,神經(jīng)節(jié)細胞核膜消失,結構不完整,內外叢狀層不規(guī)則擴張,囊樣間隙明顯,內核層及外核層部分細胞核固縮,大部分細胞核膜凹陷,染色質加深,排列不規(guī)則,線粒體腫脹明顯,內質網(wǎng)擴張,大空泡樣變性。結論：雖然萬古霉素、頭孢他啶在光鏡下顯示無明顯視網(wǎng)膜毒性,但在電鏡下其視網(wǎng)膜各層的超微結構顯示出了較明顯的病理改變。
[Abstract]:Part I effects of intraocular injection of antibiotics on retinal tissue structure Objective: to observe the effect of intraocular injection of different antibiotics on retinal tissue structure. Methods: 78 normal female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 12 experimental groups and a control group. In each group, 6 eyes were used as experimental eyes, and 0.02ml saline was injected into the vitreous cavity of the control group. In other experimental groups, 10 g / l of cefuroxime, tobramycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin hydrochloride, ceftazidime and vancomycin injection were injected into the vitreous cavity of the right eye, respectively. After 0. 2 ml / 1 of 5 g / 1 solution, the animals were killed and eyeballs were removed immediately. The fixative was injected with lml syringe at the edge of the horn and sclera about 0. 02 ml. After the eyeball was immersed in the fixative solution for 24 hours, the specimen was removed, the cornea was excised, the lens was removed, and the remaining eyeball wall was immersed again in the fixative solution. Results: control group showed normal tissue structure, cefuroxime group showed edema of nerve fiber layer, vacuolar degeneration of ganglion cell layer and nuclear layer. In tobramycin group, the structure of nerve fiber layer was unclear, the ganglion cell layer and kernel layer were pyknotic, and vacuolar degeneration was obvious. In gentamicin group, the inner boundary membrane was incomplete, the structure of nerve fiber layer was not clear, the ganglion cell layer was pyknosis, the inner and outer plexiform layer appeared cystic space, and the pigment epithelium was incomplete. In levofloxacin group, the structure of nerve fiber layer was unclear, the ganglion cell layer and inner layer were pyknotic and vacuolar degeneration was obvious. Vancomycin group and ceftazidime group had mild edema in the fibrolayer and ganglion cells, irregular arrangement in the nuclear layer and a small amount of vacuolar degeneration. Conclusion: cefuroxime, tobramycin. Gentamicin and levofloxacin had obvious retinal toxicity, but vancomycin and ceftazidime were not. Part two effects of intraocular injection of antibiotics on retinal ultrastructure Objective: to observe the effect of intraocular injection of different antibiotics on retinal ultrastructure. Methods: 24 normal female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups and 1 control group. In each group, 6 eyes were used as experimental eyes. In control group, 0.02ml saline was injected into the vitreous cavity of the right eye, and gentamicin (5 g / l) was injected into the vitreous cavity of each experimental group. After ceftazidime and vancomycin injection 0.02ml.3 days, the animals were killed and eyeballs were removed immediately. 3% glutaraldehyde fixative was injected into the keroscleral edge with lml syringe. After the eyeball was immersed in the fixative solution for 24 hours, the specimen was removed, cornea was removed and lens was removed. The retina was removed from the eyeball wall and placed in glutaraldehyde (3%) fixed solution for the preparation of transmission electron microscope (TEM) specimens. Results: the control group showed normal tissue structure. In ceftazidime group and vancomycin group, part of the nerve fiber layer disappeared, the ganglion cells and the nuclear membrane of the inner layer were depressed, chromatin deepened, endoplasmic reticulum dilated, mitochondria swelling and vacuolar degeneration. Mild edema of the inner and outer plexiform layer; In the gentamicin group, the nerve fiber layer dissolved and disappeared, the ganglion nuclear membrane disappeared, the structure was incomplete, the inner and outer plexiform layers were dilated irregularly, the cystic space was obvious, and some nuclei of the inner and outer nuclear layers were pyknosis. Most of the nuclear membrane is hollow, chromatin is deep, irregular arrangement, mitochondria swelling is obvious, endoplasmic reticulum dilatation, large vacuolar degeneration. Conclusion: although vancomycin. Ceftazidime showed no obvious retinal toxicity under light microscope, but the ultrastructure of each layer of the retina showed obvious pathological changes under electron microscope.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R779.6

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