本文選題：烏拉坦　切入點：氯胺酮　出處：《重慶醫(yī)科大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：第一部分烏拉坦和氯胺酮麻醉條件下電刺激誘導小鼠后放電特征的比較 目的：比較烏拉坦和氯胺酮麻醉下電刺激小鼠前額葉皮層誘導后放電發(fā)作的特點。 方法：取4-6周齡的雌性C57/6J小鼠共20只，分別采用烏拉坦和氯胺酮麻醉，每組各10只。而后于前額葉皮層給予時長1ms頻率60Hz串長1s間隔1min的雙向電刺激，起始強度700uA，直至腦電圖記錄到大于等于5s的后放電發(fā)作。而后每隔10min給予一次與誘出后放電時強度相同的電刺激，共20次，連續(xù)記錄腦電圖，采用快速傅里葉轉換對兩組小鼠后放電發(fā)作的腦電圖進行頻率能量分布分析。 結果：烏拉坦組10只小鼠中3只未誘出后放電，氯胺酮組中4只未誘出。烏拉坦組小鼠平均需38.67±2.88次電刺激誘導出首次后放電發(fā)作，氯胺酮組小鼠平均需74.17±3.39次電刺激誘出首次后放電。隨著電刺激數(shù)增加，兩組小鼠后放電發(fā)作持續(xù)時間呈增加趨勢。能量頻率分布顯示，后放電發(fā)作前，兩組小鼠腦電圖均以δ和θ波為主，后放電發(fā)作時，γ和β頻率增多，烏拉坦組以γ頻率增多為主，氯胺酮組以β頻率增多為主，兩組差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（p0.05）；后放電發(fā)作停止后，兩組小鼠腦電圖γ和β頻率降低，δ和θ頻率增高。 結論：烏拉坦和氯胺酮麻醉下重復電刺激前額葉皮質均能誘導后放電發(fā)作，兩組小鼠后放電腦電圖形態(tài)近似，頻率分布略有不同。 第二部分電刺激誘導后放電對小鼠初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元純音反應的影響 目的：觀察電刺激誘導后放電對小鼠初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元純音反應的影響。 方法：取4-6周齡的雌性C57/6J小鼠共16只，氯胺酮麻醉后，放置鎢電極于小鼠左側初級聽皮層（AI區(qū)），給予不同頻率和強度的純音（20ms）進行頻率/閾值調諧曲線掃描，，得到最小閾值和最佳頻率，以聲強為最小閾值以上10dB SPL，頻率同最佳頻率，時長20ms間隔2s的純音為聲刺激，重復225次，細胞外記錄初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元對該純音刺激的反應。然后于前額葉皮層放置刺激電極，給予時長1ms頻率60Hz串長1s間隔1min的雙向電刺激，直至腦電圖記錄到后放電發(fā)作。而后每隔10min給予一次與誘出后放電時強度相同的電刺激，并于每次電刺激結束即刻給予同前參數(shù)的純音刺激，細胞外記錄初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元反應。共進行20次電刺激，而后停止電刺激，重復一次頻率/閾值調諧曲線掃描，而后繼續(xù)給予每組重復225次參數(shù)同前的純音刺激，記錄后放電發(fā)作停止后初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元對純音刺激的反應。 結果：16只小鼠中10只誘導出后放電，誘出后放電的小鼠平均需70.5±3.81次電刺激誘導出首次后放電發(fā)作；隨著電刺激數(shù)增加，后放電發(fā)作持續(xù)時間呈增加趨勢。頻率/閾值調諧曲線顯示后放電發(fā)作前后小鼠的平均最佳頻率，平均最小閾值，最小閾值10dB SPL以上及30dBSPL以上平均頻率帶寬，最小閾值10dB SPL及20dB SPL以上純音發(fā)放時神經(jīng)元平均放電數(shù)，以及頻率反應曲線的差異均無統(tǒng)計學意義（p0.05）。隨著后放電次數(shù)增多，小鼠初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元對純音刺激反應的放電數(shù)呈增加趨勢，后放電發(fā)作停止后，神經(jīng)元反應放電數(shù)降回至基線水平，與后放電發(fā)作前及發(fā)作后相比，發(fā)作期神經(jīng)元平均放電數(shù)明顯增高，差異有統(tǒng)計學意義（p0.05）。后放電發(fā)作期小鼠初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元反應峰值放電數(shù)及放電起始至放電峰值斜率較發(fā)作前后增高，但差異無統(tǒng)計學意義。后放電發(fā)作期初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元對純音刺激的反應潛伏期和聲反應達峰值所需時間無明顯改變。 結論：重復電刺激前額葉皮質誘導后放電發(fā)作使初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元對純音刺激反應的放電數(shù)明顯增加，后放電發(fā)作對小鼠初級聽皮層神經(jīng)元頻率/閾值調諧曲線、反應潛伏期、反應達峰值所需時間和放電起始至放電峰值斜率無明顯影響。
[Abstract]:The characteristics of electric stimulation induced by electric stimulation in the first part of uran and ketamine
Objective: To compare the characteristics of electric stimulation of the prefrontal cortex induced by electric stimulation of uran and ketamine in the prefrontal cortex of mice.
Methods: 4-6 week old female C57/6J mice were 20, respectively with urethane and ketamine anesthesia, 10 rats in each group. Then in the prefrontal cortex give bidirectional electric length 1ms frequency 60Hz on long 1s interval of 1min stimulation, the initial strength 700uA, until the EEG recorded after the ictal discharge is greater than or equal to 5S. Then every 10min given once and to discharge the same intensity after electrical stimulation, a total of 20 times, continuous recording of EEG, using fast Fourier transform to analyze the frequency energy distribution of EEG ictal discharge after two groups of mice.
Results: the urethane group of 10 mice in 3 did not elicit after discharge, not only to 4 in the ketamine group. Urethane group mice average 38.67 + 2.88 times of electric stimulation induced ictal discharge for the first time after the export, ketamine group mice average 74.17 + 3.39 times for the first time to discharge after electrical stimulation. With the increase in the number of electrical stimulation, two groups of mice after discharge seizure duration increased. The energy frequency distribution showed that after discharge before the onset, two groups of mice were dominated by EEG delta and theta, after discharge occurs, gamma and beta frequency increased, the urethane group dominated by gamma frequency increase, ketamine group mainly beta frequency increased there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05); after discharge seizure stopped after two groups of mice EEG gamma and beta frequency decreases, Delta and theta frequency increased.
Conclusion: repeated electrical stimulation of prefrontal cortex can induce post discharge seizures under urethane and ketamine anesthesia. After two groups of mice, the patterns of computerized electrograms are similar and the frequency distributions are slightly different.
The effect of the second part of electrical stimulation induced discharge on the pure tone response of the mouse primary auditory cortex neurons
Objective: To observe the effect of electrical stimulation induced discharge on the pure tone response of the primary auditory cortex neurons in mice.
Methods: 4-6 week old female C57/6J mice were 16 rats after ketamine anesthesia, placement of tungsten electrode in mice left primary auditory cortex (AI), pure tone with different frequency and intensity (20ms) frequency / threshold tuning curve scanning, get the minimum threshold and the optimal frequency, sound intensity is above a minimum threshold to 10dB SPL, the frequency with the best frequency pure tone, long 20ms interval 2S for acoustic stimulation, repeated 225 times, extracellular recording of primary auditory cortex neurons to the tone stimulus response. Then in the prefrontal cortex stimulation electrode placed, bidirectional power give long 1ms frequency 60Hz on long 1s interval 1min stimulation, until the EEG recording to discharge after the attack. Then every 10min given once and to discharge the same intensity after electrical stimulation, electrical stimulation and pure tone at each end with the stimulation parameters given immediately, extracellular recording of the primary auditory cortex of anti . a total of 20 times and then stop electrical stimulation, electrical stimulation, repeat frequency / threshold tuning curve scanning, and then continue to repeat 225 times with the parameters of pure tone stimulus, after recording the ictal discharge after cessation of primary auditory cortex neurons to tone stimulus response.
Results: the 16 mice in 10 rats induced after discharge, discharge after the mice to average 70.5 + 3.81 times of electric stimulation induced ictal discharge for the first time after the export; with electrical stimulation increased after discharge seizure duration increased. The frequency / threshold tuning curves display after discharge before and after the onset of mice average optimal frequency the average minimum threshold, above the minimum threshold of 10dB SPL 30dBSPL and above average frequency bandwidth, the minimum threshold of 10dB SPL and 20dB SPL issued above pure tone average discharge neurons number, frequency response curve and the differences were not statistically significant (P0.05). With the increased number of mice after discharge, the number of primary auditory cortex neurons to discharge stimulation reaction increased after discharge seizure stopped after discharge number neurons reduced back to baseline, and after discharge seizure before and after the onset of exacerbation compared to neural element average The electric number increased significantly, the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). After the discharge onset of primary auditory cortex neurons of mice and the number of initial discharge discharge peak to peak discharge before and after the onset of slope was increased, but the difference was not statistically significant. After discharge onset of primary auditory cortex neurons in response latency and response to pure tone stimuli reached peak time has no obvious change.
Conclusion: repeated electrical stimulation of prefrontal cortex after discharge seizure to primary auditory cortex neurons of discharges tone stimulation increased significantly after discharge seizure of mouse primary auditory cortex neurons / frequency threshold tuning curves, peak latency, reaction had no significant effect on the required time and initial discharge to discharge peak slope.

【學位授予單位】：重慶醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R742.1

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本文編號：1701297