本文選題：恒河猴　切入點(diǎn)：動(dòng)物模型　出處：《南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究背景:癲癇是一種常見的慢性神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病,應(yīng)用癲癇動(dòng)物模型研究癲癇致癇機(jī)制及猝發(fā)機(jī)理,目前已取得了大量的研究成果。然而當(dāng)前研究以嚙齒類動(dòng)物模型為主,其與人類存在種屬差異性,難以復(fù)制人類癲癇神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)及相關(guān)癥狀學(xué)表現(xiàn)。故有必要構(gòu)建一個(gè)靈長類癲癇動(dòng)物模型為癲癇網(wǎng)絡(luò)相關(guān)研究提供基礎(chǔ)。本研究擬利用腦立體定向技術(shù)在杏仁核植入微導(dǎo)管及皮下儲(chǔ)液囊,經(jīng)儲(chǔ)液囊重復(fù)注射致癇劑海人酸(Kainic Acid,KA),以此方法構(gòu)建恒河猴慢性顳葉癲癇模型。目的:探索建立非人靈長類慢性顳葉癲癇動(dòng)物模型的方法,并對(duì)造模效果進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),使其能夠用于致癇網(wǎng)絡(luò)形成等相關(guān)研究。方法:首先利用腦立體定向技術(shù)在右側(cè)杏仁核靶向植入微導(dǎo)管,并連接皮下儲(chǔ)液囊,待動(dòng)物康復(fù)后,在視頻腦電圖監(jiān)測下經(jīng)儲(chǔ)液囊注射KA,兩周后再行視頻腦電圖監(jiān)測。若腦電記錄既無發(fā)作間期癲癇樣放電(Interictal Epileptiform Discharges,IEDs)也沒有捕捉到發(fā)作放電,則再次注射KA,否則僅予視頻腦電圖記錄。選取其中2只動(dòng)物埋藏雙側(cè)硬膜下電極,定期進(jìn)行顱內(nèi)電極腦電監(jiān)測。結(jié)果:在杏仁核注射KA期間,頭皮腦電記錄沒有明顯放電活動(dòng),動(dòng)物無明顯抽搐表現(xiàn)。經(jīng)過多次KA注射后,在慢性期階段,動(dòng)物記錄到IEDs,并捕捉到完整的發(fā)作期放電,發(fā)作期動(dòng)物表現(xiàn)為愣神、茫然四顧、偶有口面部自動(dòng)癥(咀嚼、舔舌、吞咽動(dòng)作等),肢體無明顯抽搐表現(xiàn)。頭皮腦電記錄中的發(fā)作放電提示右側(cè)顳區(qū)起源,放電快速波及全腦導(dǎo)聯(lián),發(fā)作早期為多導(dǎo)聯(lián)的高波幅棘波節(jié)律,頻率隨后逐漸變慢并向尖波節(jié)律演變,到發(fā)作晚期可見典型棘慢復(fù)合波節(jié)律及高波幅慢波活動(dòng),隨后放電突然終止,整個(gè)放電過程持續(xù)約41-98秒。IEDs表現(xiàn)為定位于右側(cè)顳區(qū)的伴或不伴慢波的棘波放電。硬膜下電極記錄的棘波放電較頭皮電極記錄的放電更為局限。在慢性期發(fā)現(xiàn)除外右側(cè)顳區(qū)放電以外,對(duì)側(cè)顳區(qū)也出現(xiàn)獨(dú)立發(fā)放的棘波放電。結(jié)論:恒河猴杏仁核經(jīng)儲(chǔ)液囊重復(fù)注射KA后,腦電圖可捕捉到自發(fā)性癲癇發(fā)作(Spontaneous Recurrent Seizures,SRSs)。其發(fā)作表現(xiàn)與臨床上顳葉癲癇患者的顳葉失神及口咽部自動(dòng)癥具有一定的相似性。后期對(duì)側(cè)大腦半球局灶性棘波放電的出現(xiàn)提示該模型癲癇樣放電呈現(xiàn)進(jìn)展性的特點(diǎn),這與人類顳葉癲癇的臨床特征相似。
[Abstract]:Background: epilepsy is a common chronic nervous system disease. A lot of achievements have been made in the study of epileptogenic mechanism and sudden onset mechanism by using epileptic animal model. However, rodent model is the main research at present. It is different from human species. It is difficult to replicate human epileptic neural network and related symptoms, so it is necessary to construct a primate epileptic animal model to provide the basis for the study of epileptic network. This study intends to use brain stereotaxic technique to plant amygdaloid nucleus. Into the microcatheter and subcutaneous liquid storage sac, The chronic temporal lobe epilepsy model of rhesus monkey was established by repeated injection of kainic AcidKAK, a epileptic agent, through the liquid storage sac. Objective: to explore the method of establishing non-human primate chronic temporal lobe epilepsy animal model and to evaluate the effect of the model making. Methods: firstly, the right amygdaloid nucleus was implanted into the right amygdala by using stereotactic technique, and the microcatheter was connected with the subcutaneous liquid storage sac. The video EEG was injected into the liquid storage sac under the video EEG monitoring, and then the video EEG was monitored two weeks later. If the EEG records neither the interictal Epileptiform dischargeses nor the seizure discharges in the interictal epileptiform discharges, Two of the animals were selected to bury bilateral subdural electrodes, and the intracranial EEG was monitored regularly. Results: during the injection of Ka into the amygdala, the EEG records of the scalp showed no obvious discharges. After many injections of Ka, the animals recorded IEDsand captured the complete discharge during the attack period. During the attack, the animals showed stupefaction, looked around blankly, and occasionally suffered from oral and facial automatism (chewing, licking tongue, etc.). The seizure and discharge recorded in the scalp EEG showed the origin of the right temporal region, the rapid spread of the discharge to the whole brain, and the high amplitude spike rhythm of multiple leads in the early stage of the attack. The frequency then became slower and gradually changed to the sharp wave rhythm. At the end of the attack, typical spike and slow complex wave rhythm and high amplitude slow wave activity were observed, and then the discharge suddenly stopped. The whole discharge lasted about 41-98 seconds. The IEDs showed spike discharge with or without slow waves located in the right temporal region. The spike discharge recorded by the subdural electrode was more limited than that recorded by the scalp electrode, except in the chronic phase. Outside the right temporal region, The contralateral temporal region also showed an independent spike discharge. Conclusion: after repeated injection of Ka into the amygdala of rhesus monkey, Electroencephalogram (EEG) can capture the spontaneous epileptic seizure of Spontaneous Recurrent Seizuresus Sss.It has some similarities with clinical temporal lobe epilepsy patients' temporal lobe aphasia and oropharynx automatism. The focal spike discharge in the contralateral hemisphere of the brain is observed in the late stage. It is suggested that epileptiform discharges in this model are progressive. This is similar to the clinical features of human temporal lobe epilepsy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R742.1;R-332

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