腰椎后路術后有神經癥狀硬脊膜外血腫的處理
發(fā)布時間:2018-11-01 12:11
【摘要】:目的:回顧性分析腰椎后路術后有神經癥狀的硬脊膜外血腫的原因及診治過程,探討相應的處理對策。方法:2002年1月~2014年12月共有12827例患者行腰椎后路手術,術后發(fā)生有神經癥狀的硬脊膜外血腫21例,其中腰椎間盤突出癥2例,腰椎管狹窄癥17例,腰椎滑脫癥2例(均為Ⅰ度滑脫)。男13例,女8例,年齡53.0±11.6歲(34~78歲);手術節(jié)段數(shù):1個節(jié)段8例,2個節(jié)段9例,3個節(jié)段及以上4例。所有患者手術過程順利,麻醉時間219±66min(141~383min);手術時間147±51min(96~312min);術中出血量485±410ml(50~2000ml)。術后均放置1根引流管。術后在麻醉清醒后1h~5d出現(xiàn)神經損害癥狀,神經功能ASIA分級A級7例,B級3例,C級8例,D級3例。均行手術探查、血腫清除術,隨訪觀察患者神經功能變化情況。結果:手術探查發(fā)現(xiàn)4例椎管內靜脈叢有活動性出血,2例止血材料下方血凝塊形成,壓迫硬膜囊和神經根;2例引流管在傷口內打折,引流受阻;11例血腫壓力較高,椎管內未見明確出血點;2例術區(qū)為陳舊性積血和凝血塊,未見出血,神經根及硬膜囊水腫。其中在出現(xiàn)癥狀6h以內探查的9例(A級2例,B級1例,C級4例,D級2例)患者探查術后當天神經功能D級8例,E級1例;6~24h內探查的7例(A級2例,B級1例,C級3例,D級1例)患者探查術后神經功能B級1例,C級2例,D級3例,E級1例;超過24h探查的5例(A級3例,B級1例,C級1例)患者探查術后神經功能A級1例,B級2例,C級2例。21例患者均獲得隨訪,隨訪時間11個月~4年,平均2.0±0.8年,末次隨訪時,16例神經功能恢復至E級,4例恢復至D級,患者對神經功能恢復滿意;另1例術后5d出院回家后出現(xiàn)癥狀的患者,再次入院探查時已在12d后,神經功能ASIA評級為A級,探查術后無明顯改善,經康復治療11個月后恢復到C級。結論:腰椎后路術后有神經癥狀的硬脊膜外血腫患者的神經功能在血腫探查清除術后大多可獲得改善,越早進行探查手術清除血腫,神經功能恢復越好。術中止血徹底、術后引流通暢、及時有效處理是減少和防治血腫的關鍵。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze retrospectively the causes, diagnosis and treatment of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms after lumbar posterior approach. Methods: from January 2002 to December 2014, a total of 12827 patients underwent posterior lumbar vertebrae surgery. There were 21 cases of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms, including 2 cases of lumbar disc herniation and 17 cases of lumbar spinal stenosis. Lumbar spondylolisthesis occurred in 2 cases (all of them were grade 鈪,
本文編號:2303892
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze retrospectively the causes, diagnosis and treatment of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms after lumbar posterior approach. Methods: from January 2002 to December 2014, a total of 12827 patients underwent posterior lumbar vertebrae surgery. There were 21 cases of epidural hematoma with neurological symptoms, including 2 cases of lumbar disc herniation and 17 cases of lumbar spinal stenosis. Lumbar spondylolisthesis occurred in 2 cases (all of them were grade 鈪,
本文編號:2303892
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