2012-2016年南京地區(qū)結(jié)核病流行特征分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-10 21:16
【摘要】：研究目的:盡管結(jié)核病曾在以往肆虐過,但其現(xiàn)在對世界的公共衛(wèi)生仍然構(gòu)成重大威脅。世界上三分之一的人口被感染,許多人生病。其中,大部分人每年死于疾病,中華人民共和國及撒哈拉以南非洲國家均被列為負(fù)擔(dān)沉重的國家之一。該國的結(jié)核患病率估計為12%,平均每年流行病例為140萬例,平均死亡人數(shù)為13,000例。然而,2010年進(jìn)行的最新全國調(diào)查顯示,結(jié)核病在全國分布不均勻。江蘇省會南京前幾年的流行呈上升趨勢。因此,該研究旨在分析2012-2016年江蘇南京的結(jié)核病流行特征。研究方法從CDC系統(tǒng)收集南京市2012年1月至2016年12月結(jié)核病檢測數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行回顧性描述分析。根據(jù)不同性別,年齡,職業(yè)和地區(qū)進(jìn)行描述性分析和估計結(jié)核病的發(fā)病率及死亡率,并評估5年以上發(fā)病率及死亡率趨勢。采用SPSS19.0軟件統(tǒng)計分析,Pearson卡方檢驗分析分布的差異。研究結(jié)果:研究期間共有13845例結(jié)合病例,其中74人死亡。從2012-2016年起,結(jié)核病患病率從33.32/10萬人次下降到31.4/10萬人次。死亡率由0.20/10萬人下降到0.18/10萬人,患病比例也從0.6%略有下降到0.58%。男性和女性的結(jié)核感染及死亡率的年齡分布具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)差異(P0.001)。25-44歲和45-64歲年齡組別的個體在女性和男性中分別為患結(jié)核病的高風(fēng)險人群。12,992例(99.6%)年齡在15歲以上,其中男性結(jié)核病總數(shù)超過女性(68.8%31.2%),大部分死亡病例為男性。結(jié)核病患病率及死亡率隨年齡增長而增加,而65歲及以上的個體發(fā)病率呈下降趨勢。在全體人口中,農(nóng)民所占比例最大(36.5%)。職業(yè)對結(jié)核的患病和死亡率由顯著影響(P0.001)。此外,病情趨勢顯示,醫(yī)務(wù)人員,退修人員和家庭傭工失業(yè)人數(shù)上升。江寧區(qū)共1073人(16%)所占比例最大,高淳的農(nóng)村受影響大,占死亡人數(shù)的26.7%。地區(qū)分布顯示,41%的病例發(fā)生在玄武,鼓樓,建業(yè),秦淮和雨花臺等區(qū),大部分死亡人數(shù)均在農(nóng)村和城市地區(qū)報告(42.2%)。結(jié)核病的感染率和死亡率在地區(qū)分布的差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。結(jié)論:結(jié)核病的感染和死亡率略微有下降。結(jié)核病預(yù)防和控制應(yīng)該更加重視感染或者未感染的高危人群,其中包括:青少年直到老年人,男性,農(nóng)民,家庭和退修人員及居住于大城市的人群,從而有效降低結(jié)核病的發(fā)病率。
[Abstract]:Objective: although TB has been rampant in the past, it still poses a major threat to public health in the world. 1/3 of the world's population is infected and many are ill. The people's Republic of China and sub-Saharan Africa are among the most heavily burdened countries, with most people dying of disease every year. The country's TB prevalence is estimated at 12, with an average annual epidemic of 1.4 million and an average of 13000 deaths. However, the latest national survey conducted in 2010 shows that tuberculosis is unevenly distributed across the country. The prevalence of Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu Province, has been on the rise in the past few years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2016. Methods data collected from CDC system from January 2012 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. To analyze and estimate the incidence and mortality of tuberculosis according to sex, age, occupation and region, and to evaluate the trend of morbidity and mortality over 5 years. The difference of distribution was analyzed by SPSS19.0 software and Pearson chi-square test. Results: during the study period, there were 13845 cases of combined cases, 74 of which died. From 2012-2016, TB prevalence dropped from 33.32 to 100,000 to 31.4 to 100,000. The mortality rate dropped from 0.20% to 0.18%, and the disease rate dropped slightly from 0.6% to 0.58%. Age distribution of tuberculosis infection and mortality in males and females is statistically different (P0. 001). Individuals in the age group 25-44 and 45-64 are at high risk of TB among females and males, respectively. 12992 Cases (99.6%) were over 15 years of age, The total number of tuberculosis in males was higher than that in females (68.81.2%), and the majority of deaths were male. The morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis increased with age, while the incidence rate of individuals aged 65 and above showed a decreasing trend. Of the total population, farmers account for the largest proportion (36.5%). Occupation had significant effects on tuberculosis morbidity and mortality (P0.001). In addition, the trend of illness showed an increase in unemployment among medical, retired and domestic workers. Jiangning District has the largest proportion of 1073 people (16%), and the rural area of Gaochun is greatly affected, accounting for 26.7% of the deaths. The regional distribution showed that 41% of the cases occurred in Black Tortoise, Gulou, Jianye, Qinhuai and Yuhuatai, and most of the deaths were reported in rural and urban areas (42.2%). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of tuberculosis infection and mortality in different regions. Conclusion: there is a slight decrease in tuberculosis infection and mortality. TB prevention and control should pay more attention to those at high risk of infection or non-infection, including adolescents up to the elderly, men, farmers, families and retired workers, and people living in large cities. Thus effectively reduce the incidence of tuberculosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R52;R181.3
本文編號：2371209
[Abstract]:Objective: although TB has been rampant in the past, it still poses a major threat to public health in the world. 1/3 of the world's population is infected and many are ill. The people's Republic of China and sub-Saharan Africa are among the most heavily burdened countries, with most people dying of disease every year. The country's TB prevalence is estimated at 12, with an average annual epidemic of 1.4 million and an average of 13000 deaths. However, the latest national survey conducted in 2010 shows that tuberculosis is unevenly distributed across the country. The prevalence of Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu Province, has been on the rise in the past few years. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province from 2012 to 2016. Methods data collected from CDC system from January 2012 to December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively. To analyze and estimate the incidence and mortality of tuberculosis according to sex, age, occupation and region, and to evaluate the trend of morbidity and mortality over 5 years. The difference of distribution was analyzed by SPSS19.0 software and Pearson chi-square test. Results: during the study period, there were 13845 cases of combined cases, 74 of which died. From 2012-2016, TB prevalence dropped from 33.32 to 100,000 to 31.4 to 100,000. The mortality rate dropped from 0.20% to 0.18%, and the disease rate dropped slightly from 0.6% to 0.58%. Age distribution of tuberculosis infection and mortality in males and females is statistically different (P0. 001). Individuals in the age group 25-44 and 45-64 are at high risk of TB among females and males, respectively. 12992 Cases (99.6%) were over 15 years of age, The total number of tuberculosis in males was higher than that in females (68.81.2%), and the majority of deaths were male. The morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis increased with age, while the incidence rate of individuals aged 65 and above showed a decreasing trend. Of the total population, farmers account for the largest proportion (36.5%). Occupation had significant effects on tuberculosis morbidity and mortality (P0.001). In addition, the trend of illness showed an increase in unemployment among medical, retired and domestic workers. Jiangning District has the largest proportion of 1073 people (16%), and the rural area of Gaochun is greatly affected, accounting for 26.7% of the deaths. The regional distribution showed that 41% of the cases occurred in Black Tortoise, Gulou, Jianye, Qinhuai and Yuhuatai, and most of the deaths were reported in rural and urban areas (42.2%). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of tuberculosis infection and mortality in different regions. Conclusion: there is a slight decrease in tuberculosis infection and mortality. TB prevention and control should pay more attention to those at high risk of infection or non-infection, including adolescents up to the elderly, men, farmers, families and retired workers, and people living in large cities. Thus effectively reduce the incidence of tuberculosis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R52;R181.3
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
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2 王黎霞;成詩明;陳明亭;趙雁林;張慧;姜世聞;何廣學(xué);呂青;杜昕;陳偉;劉小秋;阮云洲;王勝芬;夏aa;于蘭;李峻;李雪;;2010年全國第五次結(jié)核病流行病學(xué)抽樣調(diào)查報告[J];中國防癆雜志;2012年08期
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