【摘要】：目的評價青海省孕產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)前乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒(HBV)標志物篩查及母嬰傳播阻斷開展情況。方法在全省城市、農(nóng)村和牧區(qū)各選擇2個縣(區(qū))對14家醫(yī)院的孕婦HBV標志物篩查和乙肝母嬰傳播阻斷工作開展調(diào)查和分析,對首劑乙肝疫苗(HepB1)的未及時接種原因進行分析。結(jié)果共調(diào)查孕婦9 915名,HBV篩查率為97.75%,HBV表面抗原(HBsAg)陽性率為3.56%;9 848名住院分娩新生兒HepB1及時接種率為96.50%(9 503/9 848);345名HBsAg陽性母親新生兒HepB1與乙肝免疫球蛋白(HBIG)聯(lián)合接種率為98.55%(340/345)。上述各指標在城市、農(nóng)村、牧區(qū)之間均無顯著性差異。在416名未及時接種HepB1兒童中,56.97%為早產(chǎn)/出生低體重,30.77%為新生兒窒息,7.69%為新生兒黃疸,4.57%為家長拒絕接種。結(jié)論青海省孕產(chǎn)婦產(chǎn)前HBV標志物篩查和母嬰傳播阻斷工作能夠有效開展。需加強農(nóng)村和牧區(qū)的措施落實,對醫(yī)護人員需加強培訓指導,合理掌握HepB禁忌證,加強早產(chǎn)兒/低體重兒HepB1接種。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the screening of prenatal hepatitis B virus (HBV) (HBV) markers and the interruption of mother-to-child transmission in pregnant women in Qinghai province. Methods two counties (districts) were selected in cities, rural areas and pastoral areas in the province to investigate and analyze the screening of maternal HBV markers and the interruption of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B in 14 hospitals. The causes of untimely vaccination of first dose hepatitis B vaccine (HepB1) were analyzed. Results A total of 9 915 pregnant women were investigated, and the positive rate of HBV screening was 97.75%. The positive rate of HepB1 in 9 848 hospitalized neonates was 96.50% (9 503 / 9 848). The combined vaccination rate of HepB1 and HBV immunoglobulin (HBIG) in newborns of 345 mothers with HBsAg positive was 98.55% (340 / 345). There was no significant difference among the above indexes in urban, rural and pastoral areas. 56.97% were premature birth / low birth weight, 30.77% were neonatal asphyxia, 7.69% were neonatal jaundice, and 4.57% were parents who refused to inoculate. Conclusion Prenatal screening of HBV markers and blocking of mother-to-child transmission can be carried out effectively in pregnant women in Qinghai province. It is necessary to strengthen the implementation of measures in rural and pastoral areas, strengthen training and guidance for medical personnel, reasonably master the contraindications of HepB, and strengthen HepB1 vaccination for premature infants / low birth weight infants.
【作者單位】： 青海省疾病預防控制中心;中國疾病預防控制中心;
【分類號】：R186

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