【摘要】： 人類在獲取生產(chǎn)資料和生活資料的生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中,難免會(huì)受到來(lái)自自然界、作業(yè)場(chǎng)所甚至勞動(dòng)工具的傷害。進(jìn)入社會(huì)化大生產(chǎn)之后,這種傷害變得日益嚴(yán)重。馬克思把這稱為大自然對(duì)人類的懲罰。國(guó)際勞工組織在近年的一份報(bào)告指出,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化以及公司之間越來(lái)越激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),職業(yè)性傷害事故變得越來(lái)越普遍,在目前全世界27億勞工人口中,每年有大約120萬(wàn)人死于各種工傷事故。 在全球范圍內(nèi),傷害致死者占全部死亡人數(shù)的10%。傷害是中青年人的主要死因。傷害所造成的負(fù)擔(dān)占全球疾病和傷殘負(fù)擔(dān)的10%;而職業(yè)傷害是傷害死亡的主要組成部分,占整個(gè)傷害疾病負(fù)擔(dān)的20%左右,其所造成的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失相當(dāng)于世界各國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)總產(chǎn)值的5‰。 當(dāng)前,我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)正高速發(fā)展,工業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛,而企業(yè)職工傷亡事故的平均死亡率高于世界平均水平,職業(yè)安全形勢(shì)十分嚴(yán)峻,我國(guó)因職業(yè)傷害和傷殘所致經(jīng)濟(jì)損失和社會(huì)影響,已日益受到關(guān)注。 本文通過(guò)對(duì)東莞市大朗鎮(zhèn)1999～2006年工廠企業(yè)職業(yè)傷害進(jìn)行流行病學(xué)分析,揭示該地區(qū)職業(yè)傷害的流行病學(xué)特征,對(duì)職業(yè)傷害的預(yù)防提出了對(duì)策,給政府決策部門(mén)制定職業(yè)安全相關(guān)法律、法規(guī)提供有價(jià)值的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In the production process of obtaining the means of production and means of livelihood, human beings will inevitably be hurt by the natural world, the workplace and even the tools of labor. After entering socialized mass production, this kind of harm becomes more and more serious. Marx called it nature's punishment of man. According to a recent report by the International Labour Organization (ILO), occupational injury accidents have become more common with the globalization of the economy and the growing competition among companies, with the world's current 2.7 billion working population. About 1.2 million people die each year from various industrial accidents. Globally, injuries account for 10 of the total number of deaths. Injury is the leading cause of death among young people. The burden of injury accounts for 10 percent of the global burden of disease and disability, while occupational injury is a major component of injury death, accounting for about 20 percent of the total burden of injury and illness. The direct economic loss caused by it is equivalent to 5 鈥，

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