【摘要】：目的探討鼻咽癌患者醫(yī)院感染病原菌的特點及引起感染的相關(guān)危險因素,以期為鼻咽癌醫(yī)院感染的防治提供參考依據(jù)。方法回顧性分析2001年8月-2012年12月1 123例鼻咽癌住院患者臨床資料,數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計分析,計數(shù)資料采用率表示進(jìn)行χ2檢驗,分析病原菌感染特點及相關(guān)危險因素。結(jié)果共有108例發(fā)生醫(yī)院感染,感染率9.62%,感染部位為口腔黏膜、頸部皮膚、呼吸道、中耳及泌尿道、其他部位,分別占55.56%、21.30%、10.19%、6.48%、2.78%、3.70%;感染部位標(biāo)本細(xì)菌培養(yǎng)結(jié)果陽性者97例,陽性率89.81%,檢出病原菌106株,其中真菌64株、革蘭陰性菌29株、革蘭陽性菌13株,其中真菌主要以白色假絲酵母菌為主,占39.62%,革蘭陰性菌以銅綠假單胞菌、鮑氏不動桿菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大腸埃希菌為主,分別占10.38%、6.60%、4.72%、3.77%,革蘭陽性菌以金黃色葡萄球菌、溶血性葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌為主,分別占4.72%、2.83%、2.83%;年齡≥65歲、手術(shù)治療、放化療治療、抗菌藥物使用2種、TNM分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、住院時間≥30d的患者是發(fā)生醫(yī)院感染的相關(guān)因素。結(jié)論鼻咽癌住院患者醫(yī)院感染病原菌主要為真菌,高齡、手術(shù)及放化療治療、使用多種抗菌藥物、疾病處于中晚期及住院時間長均是引起患者發(fā)生醫(yī)院感染的相關(guān)危險因素。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the characteristics of nosocomial infection pathogenic bacteria in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients and the risk factors of nosocomial infection in order to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma nosocomial infection. Methods the clinical data of 1 123 inpatients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma from August 2001 to December 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. The characteristics of pathogenic bacteria infection and related risk factors were analyzed. Results there were 108 cases of nosocomial infection with an infection rate of 9.62%. The sites of infection were oral mucosa, neck skin, respiratory tract, middle ear and urinary tract, and other parts, which accounted for 55.566.30 and 10.19 respectively. The positive rate was 89.81%. 106 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including 64 strains of fungi, 29 strains of gram-negative bacteria and 13 strains of gram-positive bacteria. Among them, fungi were mainly Candida albicans (39.62%), gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, accounted for 10.38% 6.60,4.72% and 3.77% respectively. Gram-positive bacteria were mainly Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, accounting for 4.72% 2.833% and 2.83% respectively. The patients with TNM stage 鈪，

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